Semester Exam Review- Phrases

Sarah Caldwell being the first woman to conduct the Met Opera suggests that she achieved this milestone. An infinitive phrase typically consists of the word "to" followed by a verb, such as "to conduct." In this case, "to conduct the Met Opera" functions as an infinitive phrase, indicating that Sarah Caldwell had the goal or intention of conducting the Met Opera.

The correct answer is "infinitive phrase" because the phrase "to open the door" is functioning as an adverbial phrase modifying the verb "be." Infinitive phrases are formed by the word "to" followed by a verb, and they can act as nouns, adjectives, or adverbs in a sentence. In this case, the infinitive phrase is modifying the verb "be" and providing additional information about the purpose or intention of someone being here soon.

The given sentence "To finish the marathon in less than 5 hours is Tom's goal" contains an infinitive phrase. The phrase "To finish the marathon in less than 5 hours" functions as the subject of the sentence, indicating what Tom's goal is. Infinitive phrases are formed with the base form of a verb preceded by the word "to" and can act as nouns, adjectives, or adverbs in a sentence. In this case, the infinitive phrase acts as a noun phrase, serving as the subject of the sentence.

The given sentence "Conducting the orchestra is Paul's profession" contains the phrase "Conducting the orchestra," which functions as a noun in the sentence. It is a gerund phrase because it starts with the gerund "conducting," which is a verb form ending in -ing that functions as a noun. In this case, it acts as the subject of the sentence and represents the action of conducting the orchestra, making it a gerund phrase.

The given sentence "She preferred eating at the local deli for lunch" contains the phrase "eating at the local deli." This phrase functions as the object of the verb "preferred." Since "eating" is a verb form ending in -ing and is used as a noun in this sentence, it is classified as a gerund. Therefore, the correct answer is gerund phrase.

The given sentence "Eating bread and muffins is my downfall" contains the phrase "Eating bread and muffins," which functions as the subject of the sentence. This phrase starts with the gerund "eating," which is a verb form that functions as a noun. Therefore, "Eating bread and muffins" is a gerund phrase.

The phrase "frustrated with the delays" is a participial phrase because it starts with the present participle "frustrated" and modifies the subject "Erin." It describes her state of frustration and provides additional information about her decision to ship the present herself.

The given sentence "Dancing the waltz is a graceful activity" contains the phrase "Dancing the waltz," which functions as a noun in the sentence. This phrase is formed by the gerund "Dancing" (a verb form ending in -ing that functions as a noun) and the noun "the waltz." Therefore, "Dancing the waltz" is a gerund phrase.

The phrase "the state capital" renames or identifies the noun "Columbus," providing additional information about it. This is characteristic of an appositive phrase, which consists of a noun or pronoun that is placed next to another noun or pronoun to explain or identify it. In this case, "the state capital" is an appositive phrase that provides more detail about the city of Columbus.

The given sentence "To see the progress, you'll have to visit the site" contains the infinitive phrase "To see the progress." An infinitive phrase is formed by an infinitive verb (in this case, "to see") and any accompanying words or phrases. It functions as a noun, adjective, or adverb in a sentence. In this case, the infinitive phrase acts as the subject of the sentence, indicating the purpose or reason for visiting the site in order to see the progress.

The given sentence "Some rare rocks discovered along the river bank were donated to the museum" contains the phrase "discovered along the river bank." This phrase functions as an adjective and modifies the noun "rocks." It is a participial phrase because it begins with the past participle "discovered" and includes the prepositional phrase "along the river bank." Participial phrases provide additional information about a noun or pronoun in a sentence.

The phrase "elected by voters" is a participial phrase because it starts with the past participle "elected" and functions as an adjective to describe the candidate. It provides additional information about the candidate and how they came into power.

The phrase "in the kitchen" is a prepositional phrase because it starts with the preposition "in" and includes the object of the preposition "kitchen." Prepositional phrases provide additional information about location, time, or manner in a sentence. In this case, it describes where the dancing was taking place.

The given sentence "We decided to walk all the way to town" contains the phrase "to walk all the way to town." This phrase is an infinitive phrase because it starts with the infinitive verb "to walk" and functions as a noun in the sentence. It shows the purpose or intention of the subject "we" and completes the verb "decided."

The phrase "my uncle from Spain" is an appositive phrase because it provides additional information about Uncle Carlo. It renames or identifies Uncle Carlo by specifying his relationship (my uncle) and his origin (from Spain). Appositive phrases are often set off by commas and can be removed from the sentence without changing the meaning. In this case, the appositive phrase adds descriptive details about Uncle Carlo, specifying his relationship and origin.

The phrase "sprinkled with candy" modifies the noun "yogurt" and provides additional information about how the yogurt is prepared or served. This phrase starts with the present participle "sprinkled" and functions as an adjective, describing the yogurt. Therefore, it is a participial phrase.

The given sentence "Carefully pruned last fall, the fruit trees have many blossoms this spring" contains the participial phrase "carefully pruned last fall." This phrase modifies the subject "fruit trees" and provides additional information about when and how the trees were pruned. Participial phrases are formed by a participle (in this case, "pruned") and any accompanying modifiers or objects.

The correct answer is "prepositional phrase" because it is the only option that fits the given sentence structure. A prepositional phrase is a group of words that begins with a preposition and usually ends with a noun or pronoun. In this case, "for new jobs" is a prepositional phrase that modifies the verb "submitted." It indicates the purpose or goal of their application, showing that they submitted their applications with the intention of getting new jobs.

The phrase "dejected about their loss" is a participial phrase because it starts with the present participle "dejected" and functions as an adjective, describing the losers. Participial phrases typically describe or provide additional information about a noun or pronoun in a sentence. In this case, it describes the emotional state of the losers, emphasizing their disappointment after the loss.

The phrase "To win the game" functions as a noun in the sentence, indicating the action or concept that is the subject of the sentence. This is characteristic of a gerund phrase, as gerunds are verb forms that function as nouns. In this case, "To win the game" represents the ultimate goal or purpose that the speaker or subject is focused on, making it a gerund phrase.