SAT Section 5 - Group 5

The correct answer is "propensity for". This means that the child has a natural inclination or tendency towards aggressive behavior, preferring to fight instead of resolving conflicts peacefully.

The author mentions "sharpener shavings" in order to evoke a sense of nostalgia and sentimental reminiscence. This phrase reminds the author of their youth and the joy they felt while using a traditional pencil sharpener. It suggests that the author has a fondness for the old-fashioned method of sharpening pencils and feels a sense of loss or longing for the past. The mention of "sharpener shavings" creates a mood of sentimental reminiscence rather than any of the other options provided.

The correct answer is "varied . . versatile". The sentence states that the new antifungal agent has a wide range of uses, from treating Dutch elm disease to rescuing water-damaged works of art from molds. This indicates that the agent can be applied to different situations and is adaptable, making it versatile. The word "varied" also supports this idea, as it suggests a diverse range of applications for the agent.

The opening paragraph of the passage serves to place contemporary criticism of television in a historical context. It explains that ridiculing television and warning about its evils is not a new phenomenon, and that similar criticisms have been made about previous dominant mediums such as radio, film, poetry, and drama. The paragraph suggests that the fear and loathing directed at television may be a reflexive overreaction to the dominant medium of the moment, highlighting the cyclical nature of criticism towards popular forms of entertainment.

Physical exercise is known to have a cathartic effect, which means it helps release emotional tension and refreshes the spirit. This is because exercise stimulates the release of endorphins, which are known as "feel-good" hormones. These endorphins help improve mood and reduce stress and anxiety. Therefore, engaging in physical activity can be a beneficial way to alleviate emotional tension and rejuvenate one's spirit.

The passage mentions the irony of working hard for something only to give it up in the end. This is similar to an athlete earning a starting position on a good team, which is a great achievement, but then quitting in the middle of the season, thereby giving up the opportunity and not fully benefiting from it.

The mural "Black Americans in Flight" honors aviation pioneers and also commemorates the 1992 spaceflight of astronaut Mae Jemison.

In the passage, Georgia mentions that she married Joe because she was tired of having paper bags waved before her eyes everywhere she went. She thought that if she were officially associated with him, people would not flaunt his idiosyncrasies at her. This suggests that Georgia was tired of being teased or mocked about Joseph Tank.

A documentary on the state of education in the nation would be the least vulnerable to the criticism expressed in lines 8-11 because it does not fall into the category of "corrupting our youth and exciting our adults, distorting reality, and basically being a big, perhaps dangerous, waste of time." This type of show is focused on providing informative content and raising awareness about a specific topic, rather than being purely for entertainment purposes.

In line 26, the word "drawn" means attracted. This can be inferred from the context of the sentence, which states that the "common people" are drawn to characters like Odysseus and other heroes in the Iliad and the Odyssey. The word "drawn" suggests that the common people are attracted to these characters and are interested in their stories and emotions.

Rap and hip-hop are known for their sharp-edged commentary on contemporary issues, making them powerful and impactful musical genres. The word "trenchant" means sharp or incisive, which accurately describes the kind of commentary that rap and hip-hop offer. Therefore, "trenchant" is the correct answer.

In line 27, the word "poor" most nearly means "pitiable". This can be inferred from the context of the sentence, where the protagonist wonders if the other girl who takes her place at the desk will have to sacrifice and toil like she did. The word "poor" here suggests that the protagonist feels sympathy or pity for the girl who may have to go through similar hardships.

The statement in lines 10-13 introduces a new view of information presented earlier in the passage. It states that the activity of black holes is closely intertwined with star formation occurring farther out in the galaxy. This contradicts the assumption that black holes, even supermassive ones, have little effect beyond their immediate neighborhoods. Therefore, the statement presents a new perspective on the relationship between black holes and star formation.

The phrase "This from her" suggests that the decision of marrying Joseph Tank, who made money out of the manufacture of paper bags, is unexpected or out of character for Georgia. It implies that she had different expectations or aspirations for herself, such as ending her days in New York or writing a realistic novel exposing some evil. The phrase indicates that Georgia's decision to marry Joseph Tank contradicts her previous beliefs or plans, making it out of character for her.

The relationship between "black hole activity" and "star formation" described in the passage is similar to the relationship between a volcanic eruption on one continent and higher rainfall totals on another continent. Just as the volcanic eruption has an impact on rainfall in a different location, black hole activity has an effect on star formation occurring farther out in the galaxy. Both relationships involve a cause and effect relationship between events happening in different locations.

The passage in lines 35-45 describes the various hardships and challenges that Georgia has faced as a reporter. It mentions her experiences of wading through snowdrifts, being drenched in pouring rains, freezing with the cold, and being blown about by Chicago wind. It also mentions how she has had doors slammed in her face, been patronized by vapid women, and roasted by others. This description emphasizes the adversities that Georgia has had to overcome in her career as a reporter, highlighting the difficulties she has faced in her job.

The passage discusses Plato's disdain for the arts, including poetry and drama, and his desire to ban them from his ideal city. The author mentions that Plato's utopia never came to pass, implying that the rejection of the arts would have stifled human creativity. Therefore, the author would likely agree with the statement that the utopia referred to in line 60 would have stifled human creativity.

In the second paragraph, Georgia reflects on her last day at the newspaper and expresses a sense of melancholy and sentimental regret. She mentions feeling queer about taking her last assignment and wonders who will have her old desk after she leaves. She contemplates the sacrifices and challenges she has faced in her career and how it is ironic to work for things only to give them up. This suggests that Georgia is feeling wistful, nostalgic, and perhaps a bit sad about leaving her job and the life she has built as a reporter.

The passage suggests that whenever a new medium of artistic expression becomes popular, there will always be someone ready to attack its content and fear its impact. This implies that a popular new art form will always receive some form of negative response. The author's comment about "a new medium of artistic expression" in line 62 supports this idea.

The statements in lines 39-45 provide an interpretation of a viewpoint described in the previous paragraph. They suggest that Plato's criticism of poetry and live theater was not necessarily due to his opposition to the arts, but rather because they were popular forms of mass entertainment in his time. The statements argue that if we replace the terms "tragedy" and "poetry" with "mass entertainment" or "popular media," we can see that Plato's arguments are similar to the reasons people today are suspicious of television. This interpretation helps to explain why Plato wanted to ban these forms of entertainment.

The author refers to a "fashion maven's" tone primarily to indicate that Genevieve expresses her opinions with authority and flair. This suggests that Genevieve is confident and knowledgeable about her preferences for mechanical pencils, and she expresses her opinions in a stylish and assertive manner. The use of the term "fashion maven" implies that Genevieve's passion for mechanical pencils is similar to someone who is an expert or enthusiast in the field of fashion.

Plato's view of the heroes mentioned in line 27 can be characterized as contempt. Plato criticizes the heroes in the Iliad and the Odyssey, such as Odysseus, for engaging in what he considers questionable displays of emotion, such as "spinning out a long melancholy lamentation" and "disfiguring themselves in grief." He disapproves of their intimate sorrows and believes that baring such emotions should not be condoned. This contemptuous view is evident in Plato's disdain for the popularity of public performances and his overall argument against the arts.

The passage suggests that Plato's opposition to poetry and live theater was driven by his elitist views. The academic who has studied Plato and television argues that Plato wanted to ban these forms of entertainment because they were popular and accessible to the masses. This suggests that Plato looked down upon the common people and their enjoyment of mass entertainment, indicating a snobbish attitude. Therefore, the correct answer is "snobbishness."

The fourth paragraph indicates that Plato's principal objection to "poetry" was its widespread popularity and its influence on people's morals. Plato believed that poetry, or drama, confused the audience between appearance and reality, presented extreme and violent actions, and corrupted the mind of its audience. He argued that it bombarded the audience with inferior characters and vulgar subjects, constituting a harm to the mind. Therefore, Plato's main concern was the popularity of poetry and its negative impact on the moral values of the audience.