Quiz 3: Structures

1. Steel frames can ______ longer distances than wood frames.

2. Sheathing protects as well as ___________.  
  
   

3.

A _______  is a structure comprising one or more triangular units constructed with straight members whose ends are connected at joints referred to as nodes.

4. Read the article Framed Structure and answer questions 1 thru 6. A framed structure does not depend on ________ to resist deformation.

5.
The balloon frame was preferred over the heavy timber frame because of its __________.

6. ____________ walls support only their own weight.

7. The Romans made extensive use of the arch to distribute thrust more evenly, thus making larger openings posible. Architects and engineers before the Romans had used the post-and-lintel  construction for the most part, with two vertical columns supporting a horizontal beam. If the beam is too long, or if it has to support too much weight, it is subject to shear. Shear is the tendency to fracture or break along the lines of the stress. Stress is the force or pressure that tends to strain or deform a structure or its various    parts.                                                                                                                                                    ACCORDING TO THIS PARAGRAPH WE CAN DEDUCE THAT BREAKAGE AND FRACTURING OF BEAMS CAN BE CAUSED BY  THE ______

8. __________________ is built against wall to support or reinforce.

9.  

This picture is an example of __________.

10. The simplest framing is the _________ frame.

11.

This picture is an example of a _________________.

12. Many great buildings built in early ages are still in existence and in use. Among them are the Pantheon and the Colosseum in Rome, Hagia Sophia in Instanbul, the Gothic churches of France and England, and the Renaissance cathedrals, with the great domes, like the Duomo in Florence and St. Peter's in Rome. They are massive structures with thick stones walls that counteract the thrust of their great weight. Thrust is the pressure exerted by each part of a structure on its  parts.              ACCORDING TO THE INFORMATION OF THIS PARAGRAPH, MASSIVE STRUCTURES FROM THE PAST ARE STILL IN EXISTENCE BECAUSE __________                     

13. Spatial Organization refers to the arrangement of different elements. It is not possible to define an optimum city shape because city strategies and objectives change with time. However, it is possible to identify the type of city shape that would be consistent with a specific objective because different urban spatial organizations have different performances. For example the following elements listed below.                       On the left column you will see a term (the element), select from the right column the proper description of the term.