1.
Who invented the light bulb?
Correct Answer
A. Edison
Explanation
Thomas Edison invented the light bulb. While the development of the light bulb was a collaborative effort involving many inventors, Thomas Edison is credited with creating the first commercially practical incandescent light. His design improved upon previous versions with a filament that burned for many hours due to its high resistance and low current. This breakthrough significantly impacted daily life and industrial productivity, ushering in a new era of electric lighting.
2.
Which artist painted the Mona Lisa?
Correct Answer
C. Da Vinci
Explanation
Leonardo da Vinci painted the Mona Lisa. The Mona Lisa is one of the most recognized and celebrated artworks globally, painted by Leonardo da Vinci during the Renaissance. This portrait is famed for its subject's enigmatic expression and the mastery of techniques such as sfumato, which showcases da Vinci’s skill in blending colors and creating atmospheric effects. The painting’s historical significance and mystery have made it a quintessential symbol of artistic achievement.
3.
Who wrote "Hamlet"?
Correct Answer
B. Shakespeare
Explanation
William Shakespeare wrote "Hamlet." Shakespeare's "Hamlet" is one of the most influential works in English literature, known for its complex exploration of themes like treachery, revenge, incest, and moral corruption. Shakespeare's ability to portray deep psychological complexity in his characters, especially Hamlet himself, has made the play a cornerstone of English literature and a staple in the study of drama.
4.
What physicist developed the theory of relativity?
Correct Answer
C. Einstein
Explanation
Albert Einstein developed the theory of relativity. Einstein's theory of relativity revolutionized how we understand space, time, and gravity. His general theory, which followed his special theory, introduced the concept that massive objects cause a distortion in space-time, which is felt as gravity. These ideas not only transformed the field of theoretical physics but also laid the groundwork for modern technologies such as GPS navigation.
5.
Who was the first woman to fly solo across the Atlantic?
Correct Answer
C. Earhart
Explanation
Amelia Earhart was the first woman to fly solo across the Atlantic. Amelia Earhart's 1932 solo transatlantic flight made her an international symbol of courage and determination. Her flight demonstrated significant advances in aviation, challenging public perceptions of women's capabilities in both flight and professional pursuits generally. Earhart's achievements promoted greater acceptance of women in aviation and inspired generations.
6.
Which leader was known as the "Father of India"?
Correct Answer
A. Gandhi
Explanation
Mahatma Gandhi was known as the 'Father of India.' Gandhi's leadership of the Indian independence movement and his commitment to non-violent resistance earned him this title. His philosophy influenced national and international movements for civil rights and freedom across the world. Gandhi’s approach reshaped the methods of struggle against injustice and left a lasting legacy on global peace efforts.
7.
Who discovered penicillin?
Correct Answer
B. Fleming
Explanation
Alexander Fleming discovered penicillin. In 1928, Fleming noticed that a mold called Penicillium notatum had antibacterial properties capable of killing harmful bacteria. This discovery led to the development of penicillin, the world's first antibiotic, which transformed medical treatment by effectively treating infections that were once fatal, thus saving countless lives.
8.
Which composer wrote the "Fifth Symphony"?
Correct Answer
B. Beethoven
Explanation
Ludwig van Beethoven composed the 'Fifth Symphony.' Beethoven’s Fifth Symphony, recognized by its iconic four-note opening motif, is one of the most famous compositions in classical music. It exemplifies Beethoven’s ability to convey powerful emotions and his influence on the transition between the Classical and Romantic eras in music. This symphony remains a testament to his innovation and enduring appeal.
9.
Who was the first U.S. president?
Correct Answer
C. Washington
Explanation
George Washington was the first U.S. president. As the first President of the United States, George Washington set many of the protocols for the federal government's role and operation. His leadership helped lay the foundational principles of the United States and established precedents in leadership, governance, and character that have influenced every president who followed.
10.
Which queen is known for the Victorian era?
Correct Answer
B. Victoria
Explanation
Queen Victoria is known for the Victorian era. Queen Victoria's reign, from 1837 to 1901, marked a period of industrial, cultural, political, scientific, and military change within the United Kingdom, and was also associated with a strict code of morality. Her lengthy rule, known as the Victorian era, fostered a period of significant growth and transformation in British society, influencing various aspects of British life.