Partial Denture ( Dr. Sokly) I

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1. 10. Functions of a Major connector:

Explanation

The major connector in a removable partial denture (RPD) serves several important functions. It connects the various components of the RPD to the acrylic resin base, ensuring stability and support. Additionally, it helps distribute the stresses exerted on the RPD during function, reducing the risk of damage or discomfort. Lastly, the major connector aids in cross arch stabilization, preventing movement or displacement of the RPD during chewing or speaking.

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About This Quiz
Partial Denture ( Dr. Sokly) I - Quiz

This quiz, titled 'Partial Denture (Dr. Sokly) I', covers essential topics in partial dentures, including clasp types, movements of the mandible, and major connectors. It assesses key skills in prosthodontics, crucial for dental professionals and students.

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2. 11. Requirements of a Major connector:

Explanation

The major connector in a partial denture is responsible for connecting various parts of the denture and distributing functional loads to both the teeth and the underlying mucosa. It needs to be rigid to provide stability and support to the denture. It should not interfere with the surrounding tissues to prevent discomfort or injury. It should also minimize food impaction, making it easier for the patient to eat. Lastly, the major connector should be unobtrusive, blending in with the natural teeth and gums for aesthetic purposes.

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3. 188. Clasp retention is:

Explanation

Clasp retention refers to the ability of a clasp to resist deformation and hold a tooth tightly in place. It is important for the clasp to be resistant to deformation in order to provide stable support for the tooth. Additionally, the clasp should be perpendicular to the path of placement to ensure proper engagement and retention of the tooth. Therefore, the correct answer is "Perpendicular to path of placement and Resistance of metal to deformation".

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4. 189. When anterior teeth are to be replaced, the best path of placement that can be  selected is:

Explanation

When anterior teeth are to be replaced, the best path of placement that can be selected is vertical. This is because the vertical path allows for proper alignment and positioning of the replacement teeth with the adjacent natural teeth. It ensures a harmonious and natural-looking smile, as well as optimal functionality and stability of the prosthetic teeth. Horizontal or antero-posterior paths may result in misalignment, improper occlusion, and compromised aesthetics and function. Right lateral path may also lead to asymmetry and an unnatural appearance. Therefore, vertical path is considered the most suitable for replacing anterior teeth.

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5. 68. A clasp assembly should:

Explanation

The clasp assembly should have a retentive arm with adequate length and taper for flexibility, which allows it to adapt to different tooth shapes and provide a secure grip. It should also have a retentive arm that terminates in an undercut, which helps to prevent the clasp from dislodging. Additionally, the clasp assembly should have elements that, when considered together, provide 180 degree encirclement, ensuring stability and retention of the prosthesis. All of these characteristics are important for an effective and functional clasp assembly.

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6. 70. Function of the teeth is /are:

Explanation

The teeth have multiple functions, including mastication (chewing and grinding food), phonation (producing speech sounds), and esthetics (enhancing appearance). All of these functions are correct and contribute to the overall role of teeth in the oral cavity.

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7. 84. Floor of the rest seat should be:

Explanation

The floor of the rest seat should be spoon-shaped. This means that the surface should be curved and concave, resembling the shape of a spoon. This design helps to provide better support and stability for the person sitting on the rest seat. The concave shape allows for a more comfortable and secure seating position, preventing the person from sliding or losing balance. It also helps to distribute the weight evenly, reducing pressure points and potential discomfort.

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8. 72. An ideal design framework of RPD should be:

Explanation

The design framework of a removable partial denture (RPD) should include determining the path of insertion, as well as locating guiding planes, retention areas, and the height of contour. All of these factors are important in ensuring the RPD fits properly and functions effectively within the oral cavity. Determining the path of insertion helps to establish the correct direction in which the RPD should be placed and removed. Guiding planes provide stability and support for the RPD, while retention areas help to keep the prosthesis securely in place. Locating the height of contour ensures that the RPD is properly contoured to match the natural teeth and surrounding tissues. Therefore, all of these factors are correct and should be considered in the design framework of an RPD.

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9. 74. The diagnosis of master cast of RPD be for design framework should be:

Explanation

The diagnosis of the master cast of a removable partial denture (RPD) for design framework should include determining the path of insertion, the height of contour, the parallelism of abutments, and the guiding planes. All of these factors are important in ensuring a properly fitting and functioning RPD. The path of insertion determines the direction in which the RPD can be placed and removed from the mouth. The height of contour helps in achieving proper retention and stability. The parallelism of abutments ensures equal distribution of forces. The guiding planes aid in guiding the RPD into place. Therefore, all of these factors are correct in the diagnosis of the master cast for RPD design framework.

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10. 27. Full palatal plate:

Explanation

The full palatal plate provides maximum tissue support and is the connector of choice in long distal extension cases. It is recommended when there are six or less anterior teeth remaining.

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11. 13. The internal finish line is:

Explanation

The internal finish line refers to the butt joint between the metal and resin acrylic on the tissue side of the edentulous area. This means that the finish line is located on the inner surface of the removable partial denture (RPD), where the metal framework and resin acrylic material meet. This finish line is important for ensuring a secure and comfortable fit of the RPD on the edentulous area.

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12. 35. During biting a maxillary class I RPD with rotate around a line determined by the rigid metal above the survey line and closed to the extension areas This line is called:

Explanation

The axis of rotation refers to the line around which a maxillary class I RPD rotates during biting. It is determined by the rigid metal above the survey line and is located close to the extension areas. This axis allows for proper movement and stability of the RPD during function.

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13. 193. Kennedy classification is determined by:

Explanation

The Kennedy classification is determined by identifying the most posterior tooth that is missing in the dental arch. This classification system is used to categorize partial edentulism, which refers to the condition where a patient is missing some, but not all, of their teeth. By determining which tooth is missing at the back of the arch, dentists can classify the specific type of partial edentulism and plan appropriate treatment options.

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14. 83. Following condition(s) is/are also called as distal extension partial denture:

Explanation

Kennedy's class I is also known as a distal extension partial denture. This type of partial denture is used when there are missing teeth at the posterior end of the dental arch, and the remaining teeth are healthy and can provide support for the denture. Kennedy's classification system categorizes partial dentures based on the edentulous areas and the remaining teeth involved. Class I specifically refers to cases where there are missing teeth at the posterior end of one arch and the anterior teeth are intact.

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15. 92. When designing palatal major connectors ,relief should for:

Explanation

When designing palatal major connectors, relief should be provided for the palatal torus. The palatal torus is a bony protuberance on the midline of the hard palate, and it can cause discomfort or irritation if not properly accommodated in the design of the major connector. Providing relief for the palatal torus ensures a more comfortable fit and better stability for the prosthesis.

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16. 1. A clasp most common use is?:

Explanation

The Aker clasp is a type of clasp commonly used in dentistry for removable partial dentures. It is designed to provide stability and support to the denture by engaging undercuts on the abutment teeth. The Aker clasp is known for its durability and ability to withstand the forces of chewing. It is also easy to adjust and repair if necessary. Overall, the Aker clasp is a popular choice for dental professionals due to its effectiveness and reliability in providing retention for removable partial dentures.

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17. 17. Occlusal rest preparation should be:

Explanation

The correct answer is spoon shaped, at least 1/3 the bucco lingual width of the occlusal surface, at least 1mm deep. This is the correct answer because an occlusal rest preparation should have a spoon-shaped form to provide stability and support to the removable partial denture. It should also be at least 1/3 the bucco lingual width of the occlusal surface to ensure sufficient retention and stability. Additionally, it should be at least 1mm deep to allow for proper seating of the denture.

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18. 73. An ideal design a major connector should possess the following qualities:

Explanation

An ideal design for a major connector should possess the qualities of unification, stress distribution, cross arch stabilization, and rigidity. Unification ensures that the different components of the major connector are integrated and work together effectively. Stress distribution ensures that the forces exerted on the major connector are evenly distributed to prevent any localized areas of weakness. Cross arch stabilization helps to stabilize the denture by engaging multiple teeth on different arches. Rigidity ensures that the major connector is strong and durable. Therefore, all of these qualities are important and correct for an ideal design of a major connector.

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19. 43. When designing palatal connectors, relief should be given for:

Explanation

When designing palatal connectors, relief should be given for the palatal torus. The palatal torus is a bony protuberance on the midline of the hard palate. It can vary in size and shape among individuals. Providing relief for the palatal torus ensures that the denture or appliance fits comfortably and does not cause any discomfort or pressure on the torus. This is important for the overall comfort and stability of the prosthesis.

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20. 181. In a class III situation, the retentive tip should be:

Explanation

In a class III situation, the retentive tip should be active only during placement and removal and passive normally. This means that the retentive tip should provide active retention and resistance during the insertion and removal of the prosthesis, but should be passive and allow for normal movement and function during regular use. This ensures that the prosthesis is securely held in place when needed, but also allows for comfortable and functional movement when not being inserted or removed.

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21. 45. Which of the following chronic conditions may cause tooth abrasion?:

Explanation

Hard brush using and strong brushing can cause tooth abrasion because the excessive force and friction can wear away the enamel on the teeth over time. This can lead to sensitivity, tooth decay, and gum recession. Pipe smoking, occlusion trauma, and strong mastication may have other oral health effects, but they are not directly related to tooth abrasion.

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22. 75. The goal of extension of RPD framework should be:

Explanation

The goal of the extension of the RPD (Removable Partial Denture) framework should include stability, function, occlusion, and tissue adaptation. This means that all of the given options are correct as they all contribute to the overall objective of the RPD framework extension. Stability ensures that the denture remains securely in place, function ensures that the denture allows for proper chewing and speaking, occlusion ensures that the denture aligns properly with the opposing teeth, and tissue adaptation ensures that the denture fits comfortably and does not cause any irritation or damage to the surrounding tissues.

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23. 34. Cleaning a removable partial denture in sodium hypochlorite may result in:

Explanation

Cleaning a removable partial denture in sodium hypochlorite may result in corrosion of the metal framework. Sodium hypochlorite is a strong oxidizing agent that can react with metal, causing it to corrode. This can lead to damage and weakening of the metal framework, compromising the stability and functionality of the denture. It is important to use appropriate cleaning agents and methods to maintain the longevity and integrity of the denture.

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24. 187. Functions of guiding planes are:

Explanation

Guiding planes in dentistry serve two main functions. First, they ensure a definite path of placement for removable partial dentures. This means that the guiding planes help guide the prosthesis into its proper position, ensuring a secure and comfortable fit. Second, guiding planes also ensure predictable clasp retention. The clasp is a component of the partial denture that helps hold it in place, and the guiding planes help ensure that the clasp engages properly and provides adequate retention. Therefore, the correct answer is that guiding planes serve both functions of ensuring a definite path of placement and predictable clasp retention.

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25. 98. Stability is mainly against:

Explanation

Stability in this context refers to the ability of a prosthesis to remain in place and resist movement. Horizontal forces refer to forces that act parallel to the ground, while functional forces are the forces exerted during activities such as walking or chewing. Therefore, stability is mainly against both horizontal forces (which can cause the prosthesis to slide or move horizontally) and functional forces (which can cause the prosthesis to shift or rotate during activities).

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26. 82. A removable partial denture may be:  

Explanation

A removable partial denture can be both tooth supported and tissue supported. This means that the denture is supported by both the remaining natural teeth and the surrounding tissues in the oral cavity. The denture is designed to fit around the existing teeth and also rest on the gums and other soft tissues. This combination of support provides stability and retention for the denture, allowing the patient to chew and speak comfortably.

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27. 24. Incisal rests should generally not used on maxillary incisors Why?:

Explanation

The correct answer is poor esthetics and interferences with opposing occlusion. Incisal rests are not commonly used on maxillary incisors because they can negatively affect the appearance of the teeth, leading to poor esthetics. Additionally, they can interfere with the opposing occlusion, causing discomfort and potential damage to the teeth. However, incisal rests may be used on mandibular incisors in Kennedy Class 4 cases, where there are no posterior teeth for support.

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28. 124. When rest seals are prepared at inter proximal area on two adjacent teeth:

Explanation

When rest seals are prepared at the interproximal area on two adjacent teeth, they should extend lingually. This means that the seal should cover the area towards the tongue side of the teeth. This helps to prevent food from getting stuck between the teeth and causing decay. Additionally, the rest seals also avoid wedging by the framework, which means that they prevent any pressure or force that could potentially cause damage to the adjacent teeth.

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29. 106. A removable partial denture may be :  

Explanation

A removable partial denture may be supported by all teeth or a combination of teeth and tissue. This means that it can be designed to rest on and be supported by the remaining natural teeth in the mouth, as well as the surrounding tissues such as the gums and bone. This type of denture provides stability and support to the remaining teeth and helps restore the function and aesthetics of the missing teeth.

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30. 177. Designing of a prosthesis requires following consideration:

Explanation

The designing of a prosthesis requires consideration of biological factors, such as ensuring compatibility with the patient's body and promoting proper function. Mechanical factors are also important to ensure the prosthesis is durable and can withstand the necessary forces. Esthetic considerations are necessary to create a prosthesis that closely resembles the natural body part, helping the patient feel more comfortable and confident. Therefore, all three considerations - biological, mechanical, and esthetic - must be taken into account when designing a prosthesis.

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31. 197. A removable partial denture may be:

Explanation

A removable partial denture can be supported by both teeth and tissues. This means that it can rely on the remaining natural teeth for support and stability, as well as utilizing the underlying oral tissues for additional support. This type of denture is commonly used when there are some remaining teeth present in the mouth, but not enough to support a full denture. The combination of tooth and tissue support allows for a more secure and comfortable fit.

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32. 4. The basic movement of mandible:

Explanation

The basic movement of the mandible includes hinge movement, which refers to the opening and closing of the jaw like a hinge. It also includes translatory movement, which involves the forward and backward sliding of the jaw. Additionally, lateral movement is another basic movement of the mandible, which involves the side-to-side movement of the jaw. Therefore, the correct answer is hinge, lateral, and translatory movement.

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33. 53. The Kennedy Classification for this cast is:

Explanation

The Kennedy Classification for this cast is Class III mod I. This classification system is used to categorize partial edentulism (missing teeth) and is based on the configuration and location of the remaining teeth and edentulous areas. Class III mod I indicates that there is bilateral extension of the edentulous area with a bilateral modification space, and the modification space is located anterior to the edentulous area.

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34. 133. Floor of the cingulum rest seats is placed towards:

Explanation

The floor of the cingulum rest seats is placed towards the cervical end. This is because the cingulum rest seats are designed to provide stability and support for the denture, and placing them towards the cervical end helps distribute the forces evenly and prevent displacement of the denture during function. Placing the rest seats towards the cervical end also allows for better esthetics and natural appearance of the denture.

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35. 40. When the survey line is height on the Mesial or Distal but low on the center, which one design clasp:

Explanation

When the survey line is high on the Mesial or Distal but low on the center, a Y clasp is designed. This is because a Y clasp allows for greater flexibility and adaptability in engaging the undercut areas of the teeth, especially when the survey line is not at the same level throughout. The Y clasp can provide adequate retention and stability in such cases.

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36. 178. Rotation in a distal extension denture base occurs because of differences in displaceability of:

Explanation

The rotation in a distal extension denture base occurs due to differences in displaceability of the periodontal ligament, supporting abutment teeth, and soft tissue of the residual ridge. Therefore, all of these factors need to be corrected in order to prevent rotation and ensure proper fit and function of the denture.

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37. 198. Following condition(s) is/are also called as distal extension partial denture:

Explanation

The Kennedy classification system is used to classify partial dentures based on the edentulous spaces and the remaining natural teeth in the arch. Kennedy class I refers to a partially edentulous arch with bilateral edentulous areas located posterior to the remaining natural teeth. This condition is also known as a distal extension partial denture because the denture extends distally (towards the back) beyond the last remaining natural teeth to replace the missing teeth in the posterior region.

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38. 139. Parts that offer support for RPD are following:

Explanation

The parts that offer support for a removable partial denture (RPD) are the rest and denture base. The rest is a component that rests on the tooth and provides stability and support for the RPD. The denture base is the part of the RPD that rests on the edentulous ridge and provides support and stability for the prosthesis. Together, the rest and denture base work in harmony to offer the necessary support for the RPD.

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39. 94. The superior border of linqual bar should be:

Explanation

The superior border of the lingual bar should be at least 4 mm below the gingival margin. This is because the lingual bar is a component of a removable partial denture that rests on the lingual surfaces of the teeth. Placing the superior border at least 4 mm below the gingival margin ensures that there is enough clearance between the lingual bar and the gingiva, preventing any irritation or trauma to the soft tissues.

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40. 26. The basic philosophy of dental treatment for a partially edentulous patient:

Explanation

The basic philosophy of dental treatment for a partially edentulous patient is to preserve what remains and restore what is missing. This means that the dentist aims to conserve and protect the existing teeth as much as possible, while also addressing the areas where teeth are missing by providing appropriate restorations or replacements. This approach helps maintain the overall oral health and function of the patient, while also improving their aesthetics and quality of life.

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41. 113. Bulkiest position of a proximal minor connector is towards its:

Explanation

The bulkiest position of a proximal minor connector is towards its lingual side. This means that the connector is thicker or larger on the lingual side compared to the other sides. This is important because the lingual side of the connector is in contact with the lingual gingiva or tongue, and it needs to provide adequate support and stability for the prosthesis. By making the lingual side bulkier, it ensures that the connector can withstand the forces and pressures exerted during normal oral function.

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42. 66. Incisal rests:

Explanation

The statement "All are correct" means that all of the previous statements about incisal rests are true. This includes the fact that incisal rests generally have a more positive vertical stop than cingulum rests, they may interfere with the opposing occlusion, and they should not be used on maxillary incisors.

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43. 37. The correct answer the  basic movements of the mandible:

Explanation

The correct answer is "Hinge, lateral and translatory movement." The mandible, or lower jaw, has several basic movements. The hinge movement refers to the opening and closing of the jaw, like a hinge on a door. Lateral movement refers to the side-to-side movement of the jaw, allowing for chewing and grinding of food. Translatory movement refers to the forward and backward movement of the jaw, which helps with actions like speaking and swallowing. Together, these three movements allow for the full range of motion of the mandible.

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44. 87. Parts that offer support for removable partial denture are following: 

Explanation

The parts that offer support for a removable partial denture are the rest and the denture base. The rest provides support and stability for the denture, while the denture base is the part of the denture that rests on the oral tissues and provides support for the artificial teeth. The other options, such as the reciprocal arm, retentive arm, and minor connector, are not specifically involved in offering support for the denture.

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45. 76. The function of the guide plate is to: 

Explanation

The guide plate serves multiple functions. Firstly, it helps establish a definitive path of insertion and dislodgement, ensuring that the removable partial denture (RPD) can be easily inserted and removed. Secondly, it stabilizes the RPD by controlling its horizontal position, preventing excessive movement and improving comfort for the patient. Lastly, the guide plate provides contact with the adjacent tooth, promoting stability and preventing displacement of the RPD during function. Therefore, all of the given options are correct explanations of the function of the guide plate.

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46. 64. A lingual  plate major connector may be selected be cause:

Explanation

All of the given options are correct reasons for selecting a lingual plate major connector. A lingual plate major connector may be chosen if the mandibular incisors are tilted lingually, as it allows for proper support and stability. Mandibular tori, if present, can also be accommodated by a lingual plate major connector. Additionally, a high lingual frenum can be managed effectively with a lingual plate major connector. Therefore, all of the given options are valid reasons for selecting a lingual plate major connector.

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47. 101. Indirect retainer:

Explanation

An indirect retainer is a component in a removable partial denture (RPD) that serves multiple functions. It assists the direct retainer in maintaining the stability and retention of the RPD. It also resists the lever action that can occur during functional movements of the RPD. Additionally, the indirect retainer prevents displacement of the RPD by providing support and stability to the denture base. Therefore, the correct answer is that the indirect retainer maintains all of the above functions.

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48. 36. Mandibular gridwork design of minor connectors:

Explanation

The mandibular gridwork design of minor connectors should extend 2/3 of the way from the abutment tooth to the retromolar pad. This design allows for proper support and stability of the prosthesis while also ensuring that there is enough flexibility to prevent fracture of the acrylic resin. Extending the minor connector fully to the hamular notch may cause discomfort and impingement on the soft tissues in the area.

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49. 69. Reason (s) for selecting   lingual plate major connectors is/are?:

Explanation

The presence of lingual tori, a high lingual frenum, and anticipated loss of one or more of the remaining teeth are all reasons for selecting lingual plate major connectors. Lingual tori can interfere with the placement of other types of major connectors, making lingual plate connectors a better choice. A high lingual frenum can also impede the placement of other connectors, making lingual plate connectors more suitable. Additionally, if there is an anticipated loss of one or more remaining teeth, lingual plate connectors can provide better support and stability for the remaining teeth.

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50.  167. The minimum thickness of resin that embeds the metal framework is:

Explanation

The minimum thickness of resin that embeds the metal framework is 1.5mm. This means that in order for the metal framework to be properly embedded, a layer of resin with a minimum thickness of 1.5mm should be applied. A thinner layer may not provide enough support and stability for the metal framework, while a thicker layer may result in excess resin that could compromise the fit or aesthetics of the final product.

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51. 170. Attachment between acrylic resin and metal base may be achieved by following:

Explanation

The correct answer is "All are correct." This means that all of the options listed (nail heads, retention loops, and diagonal spurs) can be used to achieve attachment between acrylic resin and a metal base. Each of these methods provides a way to securely connect the two materials together.

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52. 145. Ina ring clasp, the retentive arm extends from:

Explanation

In a ring clasp, the retentive arm extends from the strut to the tip of the clasp. This means that the retentive arm starts from the part of the clasp that connects to the framework (the strut) and extends all the way to the tip of the clasp. This design allows the clasp to effectively retain the prosthesis in place by providing stability and preventing movement.

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53. 179. Classification of lever system is based on location of:

Explanation

The classification of lever systems is based on the location of the resistance, the direction of effort, and the fulcrum line. This means that all of the options given in the question are correct. The location of the resistance refers to where the force is being applied, the direction of effort refers to the direction in which the force is being exerted, and the fulcrum line is the line around which the lever rotates. Therefore, all of these factors play a role in classifying a lever system.

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54. 9. The external finish line is:

Explanation

The external finish line refers to the outer surface of the framework metal and the denture base plastic. This is the area where the metal and plastic materials meet and create the external boundary of the denture. It does not include the supporting tissues or the natural teeth.

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55. 103. In removable partial denture, health of gingival tissue is ensured by:

Explanation

In removable partial dentures, the health of gingival tissue is ensured by keeping a minimum distance of 6 mm for the major connector and a minimum distance of 4 mm for the major connector. These distances help to provide adequate space for the gingival tissue to maintain its health and prevent any irritation or damage caused by the denture. The major connector is an important component of the denture that connects the various parts together, and maintaining proper distances helps to ensure the overall comfort and health of the patient.

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56. 23. What are the indications for a linguo plate as a major connector for a mandibular RPD?:

Explanation

A linguo plate as a major connector for a mandibular RPD is indicated when the patient has a high floor of the mouth, a high lingual frenum, and lingual tori. These conditions can make it difficult to achieve proper retention and stability with other types of major connectors. The linguo plate can help distribute the forces evenly and provide better support for the removable partial denture.

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57. 15. The external finish line on a maxillary class 1 RPD originates from the lingual of the guide plane of the terminal abutment and ends:

Explanation

The external finish line on a maxillary class 1 RPD originates from the lingual of the guide plane of the terminal abutment and ends at the hamular notch. The hamular notch is a bony prominence located at the posterior border of the hard palate. This is an important landmark for determining the position of the external finish line because it provides stability and retention for the removable partial denture. The other options, such as the glenoid fossa, buccal pouch, and Stenon's duct, are not relevant to the placement of the external finish line in a maxillary class 1 RPD.

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58. 12. The superior border of mandibular lingual bar major connector should be:

Explanation

The superior border of the mandibular lingual bar major connector should be positioned at least 3mm from the tooth/tissue junction. This is important to ensure adequate space for oral hygiene and to prevent irritation or damage to the gingival tissues. By keeping the connector at a distance from the tooth/tissue junction, it allows for proper cleaning and maintenance of the oral cavity.

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59. 100. Guiding plane are:

Explanation

Guiding planes are typically multiple and parallel. This means that there are more than one guiding planes, and they are aligned in the same direction. This arrangement helps in providing stability and control to the object or system being guided. Multiple guiding planes distribute the load evenly and prevent any tilting or misalignment. Parallel guiding planes ensure that the object or system moves smoothly without any deviation from the desired path. Therefore, the correct answer is "usually multiple and usually parallel."

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60. 55. What is a  RPD component is not needed in this type of case?: Major connector Guide planes Direct retainers Indirect retainers

Explanation

In this type of case, an indirect retainer is not needed. Indirect retainers are used in removable partial dentures (RPDs) to provide stability and prevent rotational movement of the denture. However, in certain cases where there is sufficient support and stability from other components such as major connectors, guide planes, and direct retainers, the use of an indirect retainer may not be necessary.

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61. 7. Which of the following maxillary major connectors possesses the least strength and rigidity?:

Explanation

The horse-shoe major connector possesses the least strength and rigidity among the given options. This is because the horse-shoe design only covers the anterior teeth and does not extend to the posterior teeth or the palate. As a result, it lacks the additional support and stability that the other options provide. The palatal plate, anterior posterior palatal strap, and modified palatal strap all cover a larger area and offer more support, making them stronger and more rigid than the horse-shoe design.

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62. 2. Infrabulge clasps originate:

Explanation

Infrabulge clasps originate below the height of contour. This means that they are positioned below the highest point on the tooth's surface. Infrabulge clasps are used in removable partial dentures to provide stability and retention. By placing the clasps below the height of contour, they can engage undercuts on the tooth surface, which helps to secure the denture in place. This positioning also helps to distribute forces evenly across the tooth and minimize any potential damage or discomfort to the patient.

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63. 159. Following parts of a RPD may act as indirect retainer except:

Explanation

Indirect retainers are components of a removable partial denture (RPD) that help stabilize and prevent the denture from dislodging during function. They are typically located on the opposite side of the arch from the edentulous area and engage undercuts on the abutment teeth. In this case, the retentive tip is not a component of an RPD and therefore cannot act as an indirect retainer. Rests, proximal plates, and minor connector supporting rests are all components that can act as indirect retainers by engaging undercuts and providing stability to the denture.

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64. 80. A cingulum rest should be placed:

Explanation

A cingulum rest should be placed at the junction of the gingival and middle thirds of the incisor teeth. This is because the cingulum is the rounded area on the lingual surface of the incisor teeth, located at the junction of the gingival and middle thirds. Placing the rest at this location allows for proper support and stability of the denture or prosthesis. It also helps to distribute the occlusal forces evenly and prevent tipping or displacement of the prosthesis.

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65. 142. Denture bases of RPD offer:

Explanation

Denture bases of RPD offer secondary retention. Secondary retention refers to the stability and resistance to displacement of the denture base during function. It is achieved through the use of clasps, rests, and other components that provide support and stability to the denture. Primary retention, on the other hand, refers to the initial resistance to displacement of the denture base when it is first placed in the mouth, and mechanical retention refers to the use of mechanical devices such as clasps to retain the denture. Since the answer only mentions secondary retention, it implies that primary and mechanical retention are not provided by the denture bases of RPDs.

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66. 118. Finishing line junction with major connector should have angle:

Explanation

The correct answer is "

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67. 56. If this RPD was fabricated exactly as drawn on the design cast, which component(s) would be

Explanation

The correct answer is "All are correct". This means that if the RPD (Removable Partial Denture) was fabricated exactly as drawn on the design cast, all of the mentioned components - minor connectors, lingual bar, direct and indirect retainers - would be correct. This suggests that the design of the RPD includes all of these components in their appropriate positions and forms, ensuring proper function and support for the denture.

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68. 25. Component of a clasp assembly are:

Explanation

The correct answer is "One or two rests, a retentive arm, a bracing or reciprocating element, one minor connectors, one major connector". This answer is correct because it includes all the necessary components of a clasp assembly: one or two rests, a retentive arm, a bracing or reciprocating element, one minor connector, and one major connector.

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69. 41. More acceptable esthetically and less caries formation for bar clasp is:

Explanation

The I clasp is more aesthetically acceptable and causes less caries formation compared to other types of clasp designs. This is because the I clasp is designed to engage the undercut of the tooth in a more discreet manner, resulting in a more natural appearance. Additionally, the I clasp puts less pressure on the tooth, reducing the risk of caries formation.

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70. 112. When a minor connector contacts tooth surface on either side of embrasure, it should:

Explanation

When a minor connector contacts the tooth surface on either side of an embrasure, it should abruptly end at the tooth, be sharply angled, and not have space between it and the tooth. In other words, the minor connector should have a direct and tight fit against the tooth surface without any gaps or spaces. This ensures proper stability and support for the dental prosthesis.

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71. 114. Angle at junction between major connector and denture base minor connector should be:

Explanation

The angle at the junction between the major connector and denture base minor connector should be less than or equal to 90 degrees. This is because a larger angle can create stress and strain on the denture base, leading to discomfort and potential damage. A smaller angle allows for better distribution of forces and reduces the risk of complications.

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72. 135. Most apical portion of a cingulum rest is:

Explanation

The most apical portion of a cingulum rest is the floor of the preparation. This refers to the lowest part of the preparation where the rest seat is located. The rest seat is the area where the rest of the removable partial denture rests, providing stability and support. The floor of the preparation is crucial in ensuring proper function and fit of the denture.

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73. 185. The minor connector that contacts the guiding plane:

Explanation

The minor connector that contacts the guiding plane has the same contour as the guiding plane, meaning it is shaped to fit the contours of the guiding plane. Additionally, it is thicker lingually than buccally, indicating that it is thicker on the side facing the tongue than on the side facing the cheek. This combination of characteristics allows the minor connector to effectively contact and engage with the guiding plane.

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74. 163. Following factors increase effectiveness of indirect retainer, except:

Explanation

The effectiveness of an indirect retainer is influenced by various factors. Distance from the fulcrum line is important because the farther the retainer is from the fulcrum line, the more effective it is in preventing rotational movement of the denture. The supporting tooth surface is also crucial as it provides stability and resistance to movement. The quality of the direct retainer is important for secure attachment of the denture. However, increased flexibility of the minor connector used does not contribute to the effectiveness of the indirect retainer. In fact, a more rigid minor connector would provide better support and stability.

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75. 108. Contraindication for sublingual bar are following except:

Explanation

The sublingual bar is a component of a removable partial denture that rests on the lingual surface of the mandibular anterior teeth. It provides stability and support to the denture. Lingual tori, a high lingual frenum, and a high elevation of the floor of the mouth can all interfere with the placement and function of the sublingual bar. However, a large tongue does not directly contraindicate the use of a sublingual bar.

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76. 44. For the preparation of rest seat:

Explanation

The correct answer is that the marginal ridge should be reduced by 1 mm. This means that when preparing the rest seat, the marginal ridge of the tooth should be reduced by a total of 1 mm. This reduction helps create a proper fit for the restorative material or prosthesis that will be placed on the tooth.

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77. 28. Physiologic Rest is a position of vertical dimension which can be recorded with

Explanation

Posselt's envelope is a term used in dentistry to describe the path of movement of the mandible (lower jaw) in relation to the maxilla (upper jaw) during various functional movements such as chewing and speaking. It is a three-dimensional envelope that represents the maximum range of mandibular movement. Physiologic rest refers to the position of the mandible when it is at rest, which is within the limits of Posselt's envelope. Therefore, Posselt's envelope can be used to record the position of physiologic rest.

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78. 115. Minor connector for mandibular distal extension will extend unto:

Explanation

The minor connector for a mandibular distal extension will extend two-thirds the length of the edentulous ridge. This means that the connector will reach approximately two-thirds of the distance from the distal extension base to the most posterior edentulous area. This allows for proper support and stability of the removable partial denture in the mouth.

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79. 86. Removable partial denture movements away from tissue may occur due to following except:  

Explanation

Removable partial denture movements away from tissue may occur due to various factors, including the pull of food, the movement of border tissues, and gravity. However, mastication, or the process of chewing, actually helps to stabilize the denture and prevent it from moving away from the tissue. Therefore, mastication is not a cause for removable partial denture movements away from tissue.

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80. 88. Denture bases of removable partial denture offer:

Explanation

Denture bases of removable partial denture offer secondary retention. Secondary retention refers to the additional support provided by the surrounding oral structures, such as the remaining teeth and the soft tissues. This type of retention helps to stabilize the denture and prevent it from moving or dislodging during normal oral functions like eating and speaking. Primary retention, on the other hand, refers to the initial stability achieved by the intimate adaptation of the denture base to the underlying tissues. Mechanical retention refers to the use of clasps or other attachments to hold the denture in place.

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81. 91. Following parts of a removable partial denture may act as indirect retainer, except:

Explanation

The retentive tip is not a part of a removable partial denture that acts as an indirect retainer. Indirect retainers are designed to resist the rotational movement of the denture base around the fulcrum line. Rests, proximal plates, and minor connector supporting rests are all components that help stabilize the denture and prevent it from moving. However, the retentive tip is not involved in this function and therefore does not act as an indirect retainer.

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82. 107. Guiding plane are:

Explanation

Guiding planes are typically both single and multiple. This means that there can be instances where a guiding plane is singular, and other situations where there are multiple guiding planes. It is not limited to just one or the other. Additionally, there is no mention of the guiding planes being parallel, so it cannot be assumed based on the given information.

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83. 95. What are the functions of an indirect retainer:

Explanation

The function of an indirect retainer is to prevent vertical dislodgement of the distal extension base of a removable partial denture. It helps to stabilize the prosthesis by resisting forces that may cause the denture to lift or dislodge in a vertical direction. This is important for maintaining the stability and function of the partial denture during mastication and other oral activities.

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84. 111. A minor connector located at embrasure should be:

Explanation

A minor connector located at the embrasure should be thickest toward the lingual surface. This is because the lingual surface of the teeth is generally stronger and can better withstand the forces of mastication. By making the minor connector thicker toward the lingual surface, it provides additional strength and support to the prosthesis, helping to prevent breakage or damage. Additionally, tapering away from the contact area would not provide the necessary support, and being thinnest toward the lingual surface may compromise the strength and stability of the prosthesis.

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85. 201. The kennedy classification of this RPD is…….in the mandibular which lost all posterior  teeth on both side:

Explanation

The Kennedy classification system is used to classify removable partial dentures (RPDs) based on the edentulous areas in the arch. Kennedy class I is defined as a situation where there are bilateral edentulous areas located posterior to the remaining natural teeth. In this case, the patient has lost all posterior teeth on both sides in the mandibular arch, which fits the criteria for Kennedy class I.

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86. 146. Supporting strut for ring clasp should be placed on the:

Explanation

The supporting strut for a ring clasp should be placed on the non-retentive side of the abutment. This is because the non-retentive side is the side opposite to the direction of displacement of the prosthesis during function. Placing the strut on this side helps to stabilize the clasp and prevent it from rotating or dislodging during mastication or other functional movements. By placing the strut on the non-retentive side, it provides support and stability to the clasp without interfering with its retentive function.

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87. 121. Deepest part of a rest seat is towards:

Explanation

The deepest part of a rest seat is towards the central fossa. The central fossa is the depression in the occlusal surface of a tooth that is located in the center of the tooth. This area tends to be deeper compared to other parts of the tooth, such as the disto-buccal line angle or the disto-lingual line angle. The marginal ridge is the elevated area on the occlusal surface that surrounds the central fossa. Therefore, the central fossa is the correct answer as it is the deepest part of a rest seat.

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88. 57. The denture base acrylic resin minor connector on the patient's left side should correctly be located:

Explanation

The denture base acrylic resin minor connector on the patient's left side should be located 2/3 to 1/2 the length of the residual ridge. This positioning is important for stability and support of the denture. Placing the minor connector in this location helps distribute the forces evenly and prevents excessive stress on the remaining ridge. It also allows for proper function and comfort for the patient.

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89. 39. Protrusive or  Retrusive movements can also be called………………movement:

Explanation

Protrusive or Retrusive movements refer to the forward or backward sliding of the mandible (lower jaw) in relation to the maxilla (upper jaw). These movements can also be called translatory or sliding movements.

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90. 169. Attachment between porcelain tooth and denture base resin is:

Explanation

The attachment between a porcelain tooth and denture base resin is classified as mechanical. This means that the bond between the two materials is primarily based on physical interlocking or mechanical retention, rather than chemical bonding or adhesion. Mechanical attachment is achieved through the use of retention grooves, undercuts, or other mechanical features on the tooth and denture base that create a secure fit and prevent dislodgement.

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91. 162. Lattice pattern is preferable for mesh pattern of minor connector to connect denture base to major connector because:

Explanation

The lattice pattern is preferable for the mesh pattern of a minor connector because it provides excellent attachment while minimizing warping in resin bases. This means that the lattice pattern allows for a strong and secure connection between the denture base and major connector, while also reducing the risk of distortion or damage to the resin material. This ensures a more stable and durable denture construction.

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92. 77. What would be the best denture base connectors when there is limited inter occlusal space (<3mm):

Explanation

When there is limited inter occlusal space (

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93. 78. All of the following clasps are infrabulge clasps except ?:

Explanation

The question asks for the clasps that are not infrabulge clasps. An infrabulge clasp is a type of clasp that is located below the height of contour of the tooth. Ibar, Modified T bar, and Roach clasp are all examples of infrabulge clasps. Therefore, the Akers clasp is the correct answer because it is not an infrabulge clasp.

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94. 46. Tripod of dental surveyor is the method used:

Explanation

The tripod of dental surveyor is used for recording the relation of the cast to the surveyor. This means that the surveyor is used to measure and record the position of the cast in relation to the surveyor. This is important for ensuring accurate and reproducible measurements and for determining the proper positioning of clasp assemblies and identifying undercut areas on the tooth. The tripod method provides stability and consistency in recording these measurements.

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95. 171. Metal teeth in removable partial denture is indicated when:

Explanation

not-available-via-ai

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96. 65. Occlusal rest preparation should be:

Explanation

The occlusal rest preparation should be spoon-shaped, meaning it should have a concave shape resembling a spoon. This shape allows for better distribution of forces and reduces the risk of fracture. Additionally, the preparation should be at least 1/3 the bucco-lingual width of the occlusal surface to provide adequate support for the prosthesis. It should also be at least one millimeter deep to ensure stability and prevent displacement of the prosthesis. Therefore, all of the given options are correct explanations for the occlusal rest preparation.

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97. 191. Non-retentive clasp arm is best placed at the:

Explanation

The non-retentive clasp arm is best placed between the middle and gingival third of the tooth. This placement allows for optimal retention and stability of the clasp arm. Placing the clasp arm in this location ensures that it engages the tooth structure effectively, providing support and preventing displacement of the prosthesis. Additionally, this placement minimizes the risk of damaging the gingival tissues and promotes proper oral hygiene maintenance.

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98. 104. Method to determine height of floor of the mouth is:

Explanation

The height of the floor of the mouth can be determined by using a periodontal probe and an individualized impression tray. The periodontal probe is a dental instrument used to measure the depth of the gingival sulcus, which is the space between the tooth and the gum tissue. By measuring the depth of the gingival sulcus in different areas of the mouth, the height of the floor of the mouth can be determined. Additionally, an individualized impression tray can be used to take an impression of the mouth, which can provide further information about the height and contours of the oral structures.

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99. 174. Best method to check occlusion intraorally to assess relining of RPD is:

Explanation

Green casting wax is the best method to check occlusion intraorally to assess relining of RPD. Green casting wax is a type of wax that is specifically designed for dental use. It is easy to manipulate and shape, making it ideal for creating temporary restorations or assessing occlusion. It provides a good visual representation of the occlusal contacts and allows for adjustments to be made before finalizing the relining of the RPD. Articulating ribbon, mylar strips, and acrylic self-cure are not specifically designed for this purpose and may not provide accurate results.

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100. 144. Limitations to use of internal attachment are following except:

Explanation

The limitations to the use of internal attachment include the size of the pulp, clinical crown shortness, and the cost of the prosthesis. However, availability is not a limitation to the use of internal attachment. This means that the availability of internal attachment is not a factor that restricts or hinders its use.

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101. 90. Multiple clasps are joined at :

Explanation

Multiple clasps are joined at the tip of reciprocal terminals. Reciprocal terminals are the components of a removable partial denture that provide stability and support by engaging undercuts on the abutment teeth. The tip of the reciprocal terminal is the point where the clasps are attached, allowing them to engage with the abutment teeth and provide retention for the denture. This positioning ensures that the clasps are properly aligned and can effectively distribute forces during mastication.

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102. 136. Incisal rests:

Explanation

not-available-via-ai

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103. 3. Reciprocation between bracing and retentive components requires:

Explanation

Reciprocation between bracing and retentive components requires correct timing of contact during seating and removal of the removable partial denture (RPD). This means that the bracing components should make contact with the retentive components at the right time when the RPD is being inserted or removed from the mouth. This ensures proper stability and support of the RPD during function and prevents any unwanted movement or dislodgement.

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104. 132. Usually rest seats are located at:

Explanation

Rest seats are usually located at the junction of enamel and dentin. This is because the enamel is the outermost layer of the tooth and provides a strong and stable surface for the rest seat. Additionally, the enamel is more resistant to wear and decay compared to dentin, making it a suitable location for the rest seat.

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105. 147. Undercut at the point of origin of a clasp can be approached by:

Explanation

The hair pin clasp can approach an undercut at the point of origin of a clasp.

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106. 31. Considering the design of an RPD for the mandibular arch…:

Explanation

Dual path of insertion should be considered when designing an RPD for the mandibular arch because it allows for easier insertion and removal of the prosthesis. This is especially important in cases where there are limited interocclusal space or undercuts in the abutment teeth. By incorporating a dual path of insertion, the RPD can be inserted and removed in a more comfortable and efficient manner for the patient.

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107. 141. Direct retainers offer:

Explanation

Direct retainers offer both primary retention and mechanical retention. Primary retention refers to the ability of the retainer to resist vertical dislodging forces, while mechanical retention refers to the physical engagement of the retainer with the abutment or tooth structure. In this case, the direct retainers provide both types of retention, making them effective in keeping the prosthesis securely in place. Secondary retention, on the other hand, refers to additional forms of retention, such as friction or adhesion, which are not mentioned in the given options.

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108. 29. A jaw which is moving in a "left or right" motion would be called what type of movement

Explanation

A jaw which is moving in a "left or right" motion would be called lateral movement.

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109. 5. Maxillary major connectors most common use is:

Explanation

The correct answer is "anterior posterior palatal strap." This type of major connector is commonly used in maxillary dentures to provide stability and support. It extends from the anterior region of the palate to the posterior region, connecting the anterior teeth and the posterior edentulous area. This design helps distribute the occlusal forces evenly and prevents the denture from rotating or dislodging during function.

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110. 99. An undercut in relation to tooth lies:

Explanation

An undercut in relation to a tooth refers to an area of the tooth structure that extends below the survey line. The survey line is a reference line used in dentistry to determine the path of insertion and removal of a dental prosthesis. An undercut below the survey line allows for better retention and stability of the prosthesis. Undercuts above the survey line or on the occlusal surface are not considered ideal for proper functioning of the prosthesis.

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111. 190. The main aim of anterior-posterior tilt of the cast during surveying is to  establish:

Explanation

The main aim of anterior-posterior tilt of the cast during surveying is to provide parallel proximal surfaces. This tilt helps in ensuring that the abutment teeth have parallel preparation surfaces, which is important for the proper fit and stability of the prosthesis. It allows for better distribution of forces and reduces the risk of interferences or unwanted contact between the prosthesis and adjacent teeth. Good esthetics and retention can also be achieved through this alignment, but the primary focus is on creating parallel proximal surfaces.

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112. 130. RPD movements away from tissues may occur due to following except:

Explanation

Mastication is the process of chewing food, which involves the movement of the mandible. However, RPD (removable partial denture) movements away from tissues are not caused by mastication. The other options, such as the pull of food, moving border tissues, and gravity, can contribute to RPD movements away from tissues.

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113. 131. Vertical tissue ward movement of denture is controlled by following except:

Explanation

The vertical tissue ward movement of a denture is controlled by factors such as the total amount of occlusal load applied, the accurately fitting denture base, and the tissue of the residual ridge. The retentive tip of the clasp does not play a role in controlling this movement.

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114. 38. A mandibular movement which is<< either opening or closing motions of the mandible around a horizontal axis that is common to both condyles >> would be best classified as a…………movement:

Explanation

A mandibular movement that involves either opening or closing motions of the mandible around a horizontal axis that is common to both condyles is best classified as a hinge movement. In a hinge movement, the mandible acts like a hinge, allowing the jaw to open and close in a swinging motion around a fixed axis. This type of movement is different from translatory excursion, which involves a sliding motion of the mandible, and centric relation, which refers to the position of the mandible when the teeth are in maximum intercuspation.

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115. 195. What are the functions of an indirect retainer:

Explanation

The correct answer is "To prevent vertical dislodgement of the distal extension base of a RPD." An indirect retainer is a component of a removable partial denture (RPD) that helps to stabilize and prevent movement of the denture base. It is specifically designed to resist vertical forces that could dislodge the distal extension base of the RPD. The other options listed are not the primary functions of an indirect retainer.

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116. 196. In general, lingual plating should be supported:

Explanation

Lingual plating should be supported with rests because rests help in preventing the movement of the denture and provide stability. They also distribute the occlusal forces evenly and reduce the load on the abutment teeth. Rests are essential for proper support and retention of the lingual plate, ensuring the success and longevity of the denture.

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117. 16. The Gridwork of Minor Connector on a maxillary class 1 RPD:

Explanation

The correct answer is "does not cover the tuberosity." The gridwork of the minor connector on a maxillary class 1 removable partial denture does not cover the tuberosity. The purpose of the minor connector is to connect the major connector to the rest of the framework and provide stability and support to the partial denture. The minor connector should be designed in a way that it does not impinge on the soft tissues or cover any anatomical structures such as the tuberosity.

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118. 200. The kennedy classification of this RPD is…….in the mandibular with missing teeth #38, 37, 36 #31, 32#41, 42, 43, 47, 48:  

Explanation

not-available-via-ai

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119. 8. Which of the following clasps commonly utilize lingual undercut?:

Explanation

A ring clasp commonly utilizes lingual undercut because it is designed to encircle the tooth and engage the undercut on the lingual surface. This allows for better retention and stability of the clasp on the tooth. Extended arm clasp, back action clasp, and embrasure clasp do not typically utilize lingual undercut in the same way as a ring clasp.

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120. 32. Which one of the following Kennedy classes of RPD, never has an axis of rotation?:

Explanation

Class III of Kennedy is the correct answer because it is the only class that never has an axis of rotation. In class I, there is an axis of rotation around a single tooth or edentulous area. In class II, there is an axis of rotation around a single tooth or edentulous area and a second axis of rotation around a second tooth or edentulous area. In class IV, there is an axis of rotation around two teeth or edentulous areas. However, in class III, there is no axis of rotation, as there are no teeth or edentulous areas to serve as a pivot point.

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121. 154. Bar type configuration of clasps can also be used for:

Explanation

Bar type configuration of clasps can also be used for retention. This means that the clasps are designed to keep the denture securely in place and prevent it from moving or dislodging during normal oral functions such as eating and speaking. The bar configuration provides a stable and secure grip on the abutment teeth, ensuring that the denture remains in position and does not easily come loose.

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122. 22. Direct retainer (clasps):

Explanation

Clasps in a removable partial denture (RPD) help stabilize the RPD by controlling occlusal movement. They provide support and stability to the RPD by engaging undercuts on the abutment teeth, preventing the prosthesis from dislodging during functional movements such as biting and chewing. Clasps do not control gingival movement or prevent excessive biting forces on the abutment. They may also function as indirect retainers, providing additional stability to the RPD by resisting rotational forces.

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123. 49. Lattice type of grid work minor connectors is:

Explanation

The correct answer is "Potentially more rigid." This means that lattice type of grid work minor connectors have the potential to be more rigid compared to other options. This suggests that these connectors may provide better stability and support for the dental prosthesis.

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124. 122. Marginal ridge for a rest seat should be reduced by at least:

Explanation

The marginal ridge for a rest seat should be reduced by at least 1.5mm. Rest seats are prepared on abutment teeth to provide support and stability for a removable partial denture. The marginal ridge reduction helps to create adequate space for the rest seat and ensure proper fit and function of the denture. A reduction of 1.5mm is considered sufficient to accommodate the rest seat without compromising the structural integrity of the abutment tooth.

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125. 14. A combination clasp assembly generally has:

Explanation

A combination clasp assembly generally consists of a bracing arm, a retentive arm, and rests. The bracing arm provides stability and support to the clasp assembly, while the retentive arm helps in retaining the clasp on the abutment tooth. Rests are used to provide additional support and stability to the clasp assembly by resting on the adjacent teeth.

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126. 59.The superior border of this major connector:

Explanation

The superior border of the major connector is not acceptably adapted to the teeth. This means that the upper edge of the major connector, which is a component of a dental prosthesis, is not properly adjusted or fitted to the teeth. This lack of proper adaptation can lead to discomfort or instability of the prosthesis.

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127. 199. In which of following mandibular position would you find the greats increase in VDO from centric occlusion?:

Explanation

In maximum protrusion, the mandible is positioned in its most forward position. This position is achieved when the condyles are in their most anterior position within the glenoid fossa. When the mandible is in maximum protrusion, there is a significant increase in vertical dimension of occlusion (VDO) compared to centric occlusion. This is because the condyles are more anteriorly positioned, allowing for greater separation between the upper and lower teeth. Therefore, maximum protrusion would result in the greatest increase in VDO compared to the other mandibular positions mentioned.

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128. 42. Best selection of preventing abutments tooth of class I Kennedy from the negative effects of the additional load applied to them is by:

Explanation

Keeping a light occlusion on the distal extensions is the best way to prevent the negative effects of additional load on class I Kennedy abutments. This means that the contact between the upper and lower teeth in the distal extension area should be minimal or light. This helps to distribute the load evenly and reduce the stress on the abutments. Splinting the abutment with adjacent teeth, placing distal rests on the distal abutment, and regular relining of distal extensions may not provide the same level of protection against the negative effects of additional load.

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129. 93. Labial bar is indicated when:

Explanation

The labial bar is indicated when there is a lingual inclination of teeth. This means that the teeth are tilted towards the tongue rather than being in their proper alignment. The labial bar is a type of orthodontic appliance that is used to correct this issue by applying pressure on the lingual side of the teeth, pushing them back into their correct position. This appliance is commonly used when there is a need to correct malocclusion or improve the alignment of teeth.

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130. 164. Distance of indirect retainer from fulcrum line is affected by following, except:

Explanation

The distance of the indirect retainer from the fulcrum line is affected by the location of the principal abutment, the length of the distal extension base, and the location of the fulcrum line. However, the rigidity of the indirect retainer does not affect this distance.

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131. 180. Impression materials that may be used to register the supporting form of edentulous area in an distal extension denture base are following, except:

Explanation

Impression materials are used to record the supporting form of an edentulous area in a distal extension denture base. Waxes, silicone impression materials, and impression paste are all commonly used for this purpose. However, hydrocolloids are not typically used as impression materials in dentistry. Hydrocolloids are more commonly used in wound care and dressings, not for dental impressions. Therefore, hydrocolloids are the exception in this list of impression materials.

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132. 33. A class I modification 0 of RPD normally are have many clasps?:

Explanation

A class I modification 0 of RPD typically has two clasps.

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133. 21. Which of the following steps is done LAST ?:

Explanation

The last step in the given list is "Centric relation records." This step is typically performed after the other steps mentioned. Rest preparation, framework try-in, and altered cast impression are all steps that are typically done before taking centric relation records. Therefore, centric relation records are the final step in this sequence of procedures.

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134. 79. Which of the following clasps commonly utilize lingual undercut ?:

Explanation

The correct answer is Half and half clasp, Ring clasp. These clasps commonly utilize lingual undercut, which is a groove or depression on the inner surface of the tooth that allows the clasp to engage and hold the denture in place. The Half and half clasp and Ring clasp are designed to engage the lingual undercut for stability and retention.

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135. 51. The kennedy classification of this RPD is:

Explanation

The correct answer for this question is Kennedy class I. The Kennedy classification system is used to categorize removable partial dentures (RPDs) based on the edentulous areas and the remaining teeth. Kennedy class I refers to a situation where there are bilateral edentulous areas located posterior to the remaining natural teeth. In this case, the answer is Kennedy class I because there is only one edentulous area located posterior to the remaining teeth, indicating a unilateral situation.

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136. 182. Guiding planes may be contacted by following parts of partial denture, except:

Explanation

Guiding planes are surfaces on abutment teeth that are prepared to guide the movement of a partial denture during insertion and removal. They are typically contacted by various parts of the partial denture, such as the body of the extracoronal direct retainer and stabilizing arm direct retainer. The minor connector of the indirect retainer also contacts the guiding planes. However, the minor connector of the denture base does not come into contact with the guiding planes.

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137. 150. Following are true for I bar clasp, except:

Explanation

The I bar clasp is a type of clasp used in removable partial dentures. It is designed to provide retention and stability to the denture. The statement "Whole arm of the clasp contacts abutment" is incorrect because in an I bar clasp, only the tip of the clasp arm should contact the abutment tooth. The rest of the arm should be away from the tooth to allow for flexibility and movement. This helps to distribute forces evenly and prevent damage to the abutment tooth.

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138. 129. Advantage of internal occlusal rest are following except:

Explanation

The internal occlusal rest does not provide retention. The purpose of an internal occlusal rest is to provide support and stabilization for a removable partial denture, eliminate visible clasp arms, and locate the rest seat in a more favorable position. However, it does not contribute to the retention of the denture.

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139. 97. All of the following are advantages of the gingivally approaching clasps as compared to occlusally approaching clasps, except:

Explanation

The gingivally approaching clasps have several advantages over occlusally approaching clasps, including less tooth contact, less distortion of coronal contours, and being esthetically superior in most cases. However, the one advantage they do not have is being less bothersome to vestibular tissues.

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140. 67. In which of the following mandibular positions are the teeth in contact?:

Explanation

All of the given options are correct because in Centric Relation and Centric Occlusion, the teeth are in contact and properly aligned. In Edge to Edge Incisor Contact, the incisors make direct contact with each other. In Maximum Mandibular Protrusion, the lower jaw is extended forward, causing the teeth to come into contact. In Negative, Horizontal, and Vertical Overlaps at incisors, the upper and lower teeth overlap in various ways, indicating contact between them.

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141. 52. The Kennedy classification of this RPD is:

Explanation

The Kennedy classification of this RPD is Kennedy class III mod I because it involves bilateral edentulous areas located posterior to the remaining natural teeth and has one or more natural teeth remaining in the anterior region.

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142. 127. Difference between internal occlusal rest and internal attachment is that:

Explanation

The difference between internal occlusal rest and internal attachment is that internal attachment not only provides retention but also provides support and stabilization.

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143. 109. A continuous bar is otherwise known as:

Explanation

A continuous bar is known as both a Kennedy bar and a cingulum bar.

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144. 102. Rest:

Explanation

The correct answer is "is placed on rest seat always" because the term "rest" implies that it needs to be placed on a rest seat for support and stability. It suggests that without a rest seat, the object may not be able to function properly or securely.

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145. 81. An area undercut may preclude the selection of :

Explanation

An area undercut refers to a situation where there is insufficient space between the tooth and the bulge of the denture. An infrabulge clasp is designed to engage the undercut area and provide stability to the denture. Therefore, if there is already an area undercut present, an infrabulge clasp would not be suitable as it would not be able to engage the undercut effectively.

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146. 30. The condyle on the working side is called the working condyle, which is also known as the:

Explanation

The condyle on the working side is referred to as the rotating condyle. This term is used to describe the movement of the condyle during jaw movement, as it rotates within the temporomandibular joint. The other options, such as orbiting condyle, balancing condyle, and translatory condyle, do not accurately describe the specific movement of the condyle on the working side.

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147. 126. Internal occlusal rests are indicated in:

Explanation

Internal occlusal rests are indicated in tooth supported class III designs. This means that the occlusal rest is placed on the lingual surface of the mandibular anterior teeth. This type of design is used when there is minimal or no posterior tooth support and the anterior teeth are used to support the denture. The internal occlusal rests provide stability and support to the denture in this situation.

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148. 128. When internal occlusal rests are used, we can use:

Explanation

When internal occlusal rests are used, we can use a lingual retentive arm. This arm provides stability and retention by engaging the lingual surface of the tooth. It prevents the prosthesis from dislodging or rotating during function. The lingual retentive arm is commonly used in removable partial dentures to provide support and stability to the prosthesis.

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149. 18. A lingual plate major connector may be selected be cause

Explanation

A lingual plate major connector may be selected because the mandibular incisors are tilted lingually, mandibular tori are present, and there is a high lingual frenum. This suggests that there are anatomical factors in the patient's mouth that require a lingual plate major connector to provide stability and support for the prosthesis.

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150. 148. Multiple clasps are jointed at:

Explanation

The correct answer is "Tip of reciprocal terminals." In removable partial dentures, clasps are used to provide retention and stability. The reciprocal arm of the clasp engages with the reciprocal terminal, which is located at the tip of the reciprocal arm. This joint allows for reciprocal movement of the denture during functional and parafunctional activities, enhancing the stability and comfort of the prosthesis.

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151. 19. An anterior posterior palatal strap major connector is less rigid than a horseshoe major connector because it (the AP strap) has less width:

Explanation

The first statement is false because an anterior posterior palatal strap major connector is actually more rigid than a horseshoe major connector. However, the reason is true because the AP strap major connector has less width, which contributes to its reduced rigidity compared to the horseshoe major connector.

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152. 202. The kennedy classification of this RPD is…….in the mandibular with missing teeth #35, 36 #46:

Explanation

The Kennedy classification system is used to classify removable partial dentures (RPDs) based on the edentulous areas in the arch. Kennedy class III mod. I is the correct answer because it describes a situation in the mandibular arch where there are missing teeth #35, 36, and 46. This classification indicates that there are bilateral edentulous areas posterior to the remaining natural teeth, with the most posterior edentulous area being on one side only.

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153. 20. In a circumferential clasp assembly, the arms may extend into an undercut:

Explanation

In a circumferential clasp assembly, the retentive arm may extend into an undercut. The retentive arm is responsible for providing retention to the removable partial denture by engaging an undercut on the abutment tooth. The bracing arm, on the other hand, is responsible for providing stability and support to the denture. Therefore, the retentive arm is the correct answer as it is the arm that extends into the undercut.

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154. 47. What are the typical positions of the maxillary and mandibular teeth, and the tongue during empty mouth swallowing?:

Explanation

During empty mouth swallowing, the typical position of the maxillary and mandibular teeth is in centric occlusion, which means that they are in their normal biting position. In this position, the tongue touches the palate, providing support and stability during the swallowing process.

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155. 192. The relation of the cast to surveyor can be recorded in the  following manner:

Explanation

The correct answer is "By scoring as well as tripoding with pits." This means that the relation of the cast to the surveyor can be recorded by both scoring the base of the cast and tripoding with pits. Scoring refers to marking or engraving the base of the cast, while tripoding with pits means using small pits or holes to secure the cast in place. Both methods are used together to accurately record the relation between the cast and the surveyor.

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156. 54. Considering the design of an RPD for the mandibular arch:

Explanation

A dual path of insertion should be considered when designing an RPD for the mandibular arch. This means that the RPD should be designed in a way that allows for insertion and removal of the prosthesis along two different paths. This is important because it helps to minimize trauma to the remaining teeth and tissues, as well as improve the stability and retention of the RPD. By considering a dual path of insertion, the RPD can be more comfortable and functional for the patient.

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157. 58. The external finish lines on this framework are:

Explanation

The correct answer is "Indistinct". This means that the external finish lines on the framework are not clearly defined or easily visible.

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158. 152. In the following philosophy of RPI system, the functional force is distributed evenly between tooth and tissue:

Explanation

not-available-via-ai

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159. 160. In class I distal extension denture base, moving indirect retainer to mesial ridge of I premolar helps in, except one:

Explanation

Moving the indirect retainer to the mesial ridge of the I premolar helps in achieving an efficient direct retainer. This is because the direct retainer is responsible for providing retention and stability to the denture, and by placing the indirect retainer in the mesial ridge of the I premolar, it allows for better distribution of forces and improved stability of the denture. This positioning also helps in preventing interference to the tongue by the minor connector and allows for proper placement of the minor connector in the embrasure between the premolar and canine. However, this positioning does not directly prevent weakening of single rooted anterior teeth.

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160. 50.The kennedy classification of this RPD is:

Explanation

The Kennedy classification system is used to classify removable partial dentures (RPDs) based on the edentulous areas in the dental arch. Class I mod I refers to a situation where there is bilateral edentulous areas posterior to the remaining natural teeth. In this case, the RPD design would involve a major connector that connects the bilateral edentulous areas and minor connectors connecting the remaining natural teeth. Therefore, the correct answer is Class I mod I.

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161. 60. Which of the following is missing from the clasp on #45?:

Explanation

The clasp on #45 is missing the reciprocating arm. The reciprocating arm is an important component of a clasp assembly in a removable partial denture. It helps to provide stability and support to the denture by engaging with the undercut on the abutment tooth. Without the reciprocating arm, the clasp would not be able to properly engage with the tooth, leading to a compromised fit and potential instability of the denture.

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162. 61. The major connector in this mandibular class I removable partial denture:

Explanation

The major connector in a mandibular class I removable partial denture should not be too long occlusal gingivally, too close to the free gingival margin, or missing an indirect retainer. All of these options are correct because they describe incorrect placements or missing components of the major connector, which is an important part of the removable partial denture.

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163. 63. In this Class I  mandibular removable partial denture, rests preparations on the cingulum of (#33+):

Explanation

The cingulum rests preparations on the mandibular removable partial denture would provide indirect retention if covered by the major connector. This means that the cingulum rests would help to stabilize and retain the denture when it is in place. However, this is only the case if the major connector covers the cingulum rests. If the major connector does not cover the cingulum rests, they would not provide indirect retention for the removable partial denture.

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164. 157. Infrabulge clasp is advocated by:

Explanation

not-available-via-ai

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165. 71. Indication of Removable Partial Denture: 

Explanation

The correct answer is "Large edentulous space, not posterior of abutment, periodontitis of abutment." This answer indicates that a removable partial denture is indicated when there is a large space without teeth, the abutment teeth are not located posteriorly, and there is periodontitis present in the abutment teeth.

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166. 153. RPI system is indicated:

Explanation

The RPI system is indicated when the undercut is located at the gingival third of the tooth away from the edentulous area. This means that the undercut is present on the tooth surface near the gum line, but not in the area where the teeth are missing. The RPI system is a type of removable partial denture design that utilizes a bar clasp for retention and stability. It is used when there is no buccal or lingual tilt of the abutment teeth, meaning that the teeth are upright and not angled. This design allows for effective retention and support of the denture.

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167. 155. When a survey line is high:

Explanation

When a survey line is high, a bar clasp cannot be given. This is because a bar clasp requires a low survey line to provide proper retention and stability. A high survey line would make it difficult to place and secure a bar clasp effectively. Therefore, in such cases, alternative options like a circumferential clasp may be considered for providing retention and support to the prosthesis.

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168. 172. Chemical bonding of resin to metal involves following, except:

Explanation

The chemical bonding of resin to metal involves several steps, including silica coating, resin bonding agent application, and a thin layer of acrylic resin over the metal. These steps ensure a strong and durable bond between the resin and the metal surface. However, loops and mesh are not typically involved in the chemical bonding process. Therefore, the correct answer is "Loops and Mesh."

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169. 156. Infrabulge clasp is a type of::

Explanation

Infrabulge clasp is a type of bar clasp. A bar clasp is a type of clasp used in dentistry to stabilize a removable partial denture. It consists of a metal bar that extends from one side of the denture to the other, providing support and retention. The infrabulge clasp specifically refers to a bar clasp that is positioned below the bulge of the tooth, providing additional stability.

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170. 119. Small window in relief wax distal to terminal abutment in distal extension denture base removable partial denture acts as:

Explanation

The small window in relief wax distal to the terminal abutment in a distal extension denture base removable partial denture acts as a finishing index tissue stop. This means that it serves as a guide for the dentist during the finishing and polishing process of the denture, ensuring that the appropriate amount of relief is provided in that area to prevent any tissue irritation or discomfort for the patient. The window allows the dentist to easily identify and adjust the denture base in that specific area, improving the overall fit and comfort of the denture.

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171. 85. Following structure of RPD gives both occlusal support and horizontal stabilization:

Explanation

The internal occlusal rest provides both occlusal support and horizontal stabilization in a removable partial denture (RPD). It is designed to engage the occlusal surface of the abutment tooth and resist horizontal forces during function. This helps to prevent displacement of the RPD and maintain stability in the oral cavity. The other options, such as the occlusal rest, interproximal occlusal rest, and indirect retainer, may contribute to the overall support and stability of the RPD, but they do not specifically provide both occlusal support and horizontal stabilization like the internal occlusal rest does.

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172. 168. Requirements of denture base minor connector are following, except:

Explanation

The denture base minor connector should have good bulk to provide strength and stability to the denture. This allows for proper distribution of forces during chewing and speaking.

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173. 123. An angle > 90 degrees between rest and its minor connector may result in:

Explanation

An angle greater than 90 degrees between the rest and its minor connector may result in slippage of the prosthesis. This is because a larger angle increases the risk of the prosthesis not fitting securely and sliding out of place.

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174.  173. Manifestations of loss of support for distal extension denture base can be following except:

Explanation

Loss of occlusion, lifting of the indirect retainer from seats, and rotation of the prosthesis around the fulcrum line are all manifestations of loss of support for a distal extension denture base. However, lifting of the denture itself is not a manifestation of loss of support.

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175. 138. Full incisal rests are indicated in following except:

Explanation

Full incisal rests are not indicated to provide retention. Retention is typically provided by other components of a dental prosthesis, such as clasps or precision attachments. Full incisal rests are used to provide stabilization, anterior guidance, and to abrade the anatomy of teeth.

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176. 165. For indirect retainer to be effective, most important factor is:

Explanation

The effectiveness of an indirect retainer is determined by the stability and firmness of the principal occlusal rest on the direct retainer. This means that the occlusal rest should fit securely and snugly on the rest seats, ensuring proper support and stability for the prosthesis. The other factors mentioned, such as crossing the marginal gingival 90 degrees, lying in a flat plane, and the flexibility of the approach arm, may be important considerations but are not the most crucial factor for the indirect retainer to be effective.

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177. 6. Anterior posterior palatal strap especially use is:

Explanation

The correct answer is "torus palatal." A torus palatal refers to a bony growth on the roof of the mouth, specifically on the hard palate. The use of an anterior posterior palatal strap is especially beneficial in cases where there is a torus palatal present. This strap helps provide maximum rigidity and minimum bulk, allowing for better stability and support in the mouth. Therefore, the strap is particularly useful in cases involving a torus palatal.

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178. 186. The reduced thickness of minor connector contact guiding plane buccally:

Explanation

The reduced thickness of the minor connector contact guiding plane buccally helps to abut the artificial tooth more closely to the natural tooth. This means that the artificial tooth will fit more snugly against the natural tooth, resulting in a better overall fit and improved stability.

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179. 158. In an infrabulge clasp, the clasp arm arises either from:

Explanation

In an infrabulge clasp, the clasp arm arises from the border of the metal base. This means that the clasp arm is attached to the edge or rim of the metal base of the denture. This type of clasp is commonly used in dentures to provide stability and retention.

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180. 151. Following are true for minor connector of an occlusal rest RPI system, except:

Explanation

The minor connector of an occlusal rest RPI system should not contact the adjacent tooth. The purpose of the minor connector is to connect the rest seat to the major connector and provide stability to the prosthesis. It is placed into the mesiolingual embrasure, which is the space between the mesial and lingual surfaces of the abutment tooth. The minor connector acts as a stabilizing component by preventing rotation or displacement of the prosthesis. However, it should not come into contact with the adjacent tooth to avoid any interference or damage.

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181. 48. Mesh type of grid work minor connectors is:

Explanation

The mesh type of grid work minor connectors potentially provide superior retention. This means that they are designed to securely hold the prosthesis in place, preventing it from moving or becoming loose. This type of connector is likely to offer a more secure fit compared to other options.

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182. 116. Minor connector for maxillary distal extension denture base extend unto:

Explanation

The minor connector for a maxillary distal extension denture base should extend the entire length of the edentulous ridge. This is because the connector provides stability and support to the denture base, and extending it the entire length of the ridge helps distribute the forces evenly and prevent any potential movement or displacement of the denture.

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183. 143. Intracoronal retainer mechanism is:

Explanation

The intracoronal retainer mechanism refers to the way in which a dental restoration engages with the undercut intracoronally. It can be achieved through frictional resistance, which means that the restoration is held in place through the friction between the restoration and the tooth structure. Dimpling, on the other hand, refers to the creation of small depressions or indentations on the tooth surface to enhance retention. Therefore, the correct answer is frictional resistance, as it encompasses both engaging the undercut intracoronally and dimpling as possible methods of achieving retention.

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184. 62. The major connector in this mandibular class I removable partial denture:

Explanation

The lingual bar in this mandibular class I removable partial denture is correctly placed, but its superior border is too close to the free gingival margins. This placement may cause irritation and discomfort to the soft tissues.

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185. 184. Following are the intended functions of guiding planes, except:

Explanation

Guiding planes have several functions in dentistry, including providing one path of placement for a removable partial denture, ensuring the intended action of the retainer, and eliminating food traps. However, they do not support the retainer arm and reciprocal arm. The retainer arm and reciprocal arm are supported by other components of the removable partial denture, such as the clasps and rests. Therefore, the correct answer is "To support the retainer arm and reciprocal arm."

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186. 137. Disadvantages of incisal rest are following except:

Explanation

The incisal rest is a type of dental restoration that is used to provide support and stability to the anterior teeth. It helps to distribute the forces of occlusion and prevent excessive forces on the teeth. However, one of the disadvantages of incisal rest is not causing intrusion of anterior teeth. Instead, it can cause unfavorable leverage on the teeth, leading to potential damage or displacement. Additionally, it may also cause orthodontic movement of teeth and affect the esthetics of the restoration.

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187. 96. In the mesial rest, guide plane and i-bar design, reciprocation is achieved by:

Explanation

In the mesial rest, guide plane, and i-bar design, reciprocation is achieved by the minor connectors. Minor connectors are the components of a removable partial denture that connect the major connectors to the rest of the framework. They provide stability and support to the denture by distributing forces evenly. In this specific design, the minor connectors are responsible for allowing the reciprocal movement of the denture, ensuring proper functioning and comfort for the patient.

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188. 110. Continuous bar lies:  

Explanation

A continuous bar lies on or above the cingula of anterior teeth. This means that the bar is positioned either directly on the cingulum or slightly above it. The cingulum is a raised area on the lingual surface of anterior teeth, so the bar is located in this region. It does not extend to the lingual side of the anterior teeth or the incisal third of the lingual side.

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189. 194. Tripoding is the method used:

Explanation

The method of tripoding is used to ensure a reproducible position of the cast on the surveyor. This means that the cast can be consistently and accurately positioned in the same way every time it is placed on the surveyor. This is important for various dental procedures and treatments, as it allows for precise measurements and adjustments to be made. By using tripoding, the dental professional can ensure that the cast remains stable and in the correct position throughout the procedure, leading to more accurate and reliable results.

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190. 134. Approach for a cingulum rest is:

Explanation

The correct approach for a cingulum rest is to be parallel to the lingual slope. This means that the rest should be positioned in such a way that it follows the same angle and direction as the lingual slope of the tooth. This allows for proper support and stability of the restoration, ensuring that it can withstand occlusal forces and function effectively. Being parallel to the lingual slope also helps in maintaining the natural anatomy and aesthetics of the tooth.

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191. 89. In distal extension denture base, when there is no modification area exists on opposite side of the arch a………clasp is suitable at that side:

Explanation

In distal extension denture base, when there is no modification area on the opposite side of the arch, a back action clasp is suitable. This type of clasp provides better retention and stability for the denture by engaging the undercut on the abutment tooth from the opposite direction. It allows for a more secure fit and prevents the denture from becoming loose or dislodged during function.

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192. 149. Uses of multiple clasp includes following except:

Explanation

In class II modification 1 areas, the use of multiple clasps is not necessary. This is because class II modification 1 areas involve the presence of natural teeth adjacent to the edentulous space, which provides sufficient retention for the denture. Therefore, there is no need for additional clasping in this situation.

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193. 140. Retention of RPD is obtained by:

Explanation

The correct answer is "Retaining elements and denture bases." In order to achieve retention of a removable partial denture (RPD), it is necessary to have components that retain or hold the denture in place. These components, known as retaining elements, can include clasps, precision attachments, or other types of connectors. The denture bases are the part of the RPD that rests on the oral tissues and provides stability and support. Therefore, both the retaining elements and denture bases are essential for achieving retention of an RPD.

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194. 203. The kennedy classification of this RPD is…….in the mandibular with missing teeth #45, 46, 47:

Explanation

The Kennedy classification system is used to classify removable partial dentures (RPDs) based on the edentulous areas in the arch. In this case, the RPD is being classified for a mandibular arch with missing teeth #45, 46, and 47. Kennedy class III refers to a situation where the edentulous areas are located bilaterally posterior to the remaining natural teeth. In this case, the RPD is classified as Kennedy class III mod. I because there is a bilateral edentulous area posterior to the remaining natural teeth, but the modification is made to the design to accommodate the presence of a natural tooth in the most posterior edentulous area.

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195. 117. Tissue stops are useful in:

Explanation

Tissue stops are used to stabilize the framework during the processing of dental prostheses. They help prevent movement or displacement of the framework while it is being fabricated or processed. Tissue impingement by the tray refers to the tray coming into contact with the soft tissues of the patient's mouth, which can cause discomfort or injury. However, tissue stops are not specifically designed to prevent this impingement. Engaging the buccal slope of the residual ridge is another unrelated concept and not the purpose of tissue stops.

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196. 105.  Sublingual bar is placed:

Explanation

The correct answer is "inferior and posterior to lingual bar." The sublingual bar is a component of a removable partial denture that is placed below the lingual bar. It is positioned in a way that it is both inferior (below) and posterior (behind) the lingual bar. This placement helps provide stability and support to the denture, as well as improve its fit and function.

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197. 176. Following are true for distal extension denture base RPD except:

Explanation

The correct answer is "Metal denture bases can be used when the tissues are displaced." This statement is false because metal denture bases cannot be used when the tissues are displaced. Distal extension denture bases are used when there is a gap between the last natural tooth and the edentulous area. In such cases, the metal denture base provides support and stability. However, if the tissues are displaced, it can cause discomfort and instability, making it unsuitable for metal denture bases.

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198. 161. Canine extensions from occlusal rests are used as indirect retainers, except one:

Explanation

Canine extensions from occlusal rests are used as indirect retainers, except when they depend on the extension denture base. This means that in all other cases, canine extensions are used as indirect retainers. The other options provided in the question, such as when the primary abutment is the I premolar, on prepared surfaces of canines, and when the tip of the canine extension acts as a resting element, are all valid situations where canine extensions can be used as indirect retainers.

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199. 120. Setting of a RPD may occur due to one of the following reasons, except:

Explanation

The correct answer is "Giving canine rest seat". This is because setting of a RPD may occur due to various reasons such as improper rest design, flow of amalgam underneath restorations, and intrusion of abutment. However, giving a canine rest seat is not a reason for the setting of a RPD.

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200. 175. Methods to check loss of support for distal extension denture base include following except:

Explanation

This question is asking for the method that does not check for loss of support for a distal extension denture base. The correct answer is "Allowing tissue rest by removing the RPD." This option does not involve any specific method to check for loss of support. The other options, such as using free flowing irreversible hydrocolloid, applying alternate pressure over the artificial teeth, and evidence for heavy occlusal contacts of natural dentition, all involve specific methods to check for loss of support.

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10. Functions of a Major connector:
11. Requirements of a Major connector:
188. Clasp retention is:
189. When anterior teeth are to be replaced, the best path of...
68. A clasp assembly should:
70. Function of the teeth is /are:
84. Floor of the rest seat should be:
72. An ideal design framework of RPD should be:
74. The diagnosis of master cast of RPD be for design framework should...
27. Full palatal plate:
13. The internal finish line is:
35. During biting a maxillary class I RPD with rotate around a...
193. Kennedy classification is determined by:
83. Following condition(s) is/are also called as distal extension...
92. When designing palatal major connectors ,relief should for:
1. A clasp most common use is?:
17. Occlusal rest preparation should be:
73. An ideal design a major connector should possess the following...
43. When designing palatal connectors, relief should be given...
181. In a class III situation, the retentive tip should be:
45. Which of the following chronic conditions may cause tooth...
75. The goal of extension of RPD framework should be:
34. Cleaning a removable partial denture in sodium hypochlorite...
187. Functions of guiding planes are:
98. Stability is mainly against:
82. A removable partial denture may be:  
24. Incisal rests should generally not used on maxillary incisors...
124. When rest seals are prepared at inter proximal area on two...
106. A removable partial denture may be :  
177. Designing of a prosthesis requires following consideration:
197. A removable partial denture may be:
4. The basic movement of mandible:
53. The Kennedy Classification for this cast is:
133. Floor of the cingulum rest seats is placed towards:
40. When the survey line is height on the Mesial or Distal but...
178. Rotation in a distal extension denture base occurs because of...
198. Following condition(s) is/are also called as distal extension...
139. Parts that offer support for RPD are following:
94. The superior border of linqual bar should be:
26. The basic philosophy of dental treatment for a partially...
113. Bulkiest position of a proximal minor connector is towards...
66. Incisal rests:
37. The correct answer the  basic movements of the mandible:
87. Parts that offer support for removable partial denture are...
76. The function of the guide plate is to: 
64. A lingual  plate major connector may be selected be cause:
101. Indirect retainer:
36. Mandibular gridwork design of minor connectors:
69. Reason (s) for selecting   lingual plate major...
 167. The minimum thickness of resin that embeds the metal...
170. Attachment between acrylic resin and metal base may be...
145. Ina ring clasp, the retentive arm extends from:
179. Classification of lever system is based on location of:
9. The external finish line is:
103. In removable partial denture, health of gingival tissue is...
23. What are the indications for a linguo plate as a major...
15. The external finish line on a maxillary class 1 RPD...
12. The superior border of mandibular lingual bar major connector...
100. Guiding plane are:
55. What is a  RPD component is not needed in this type of case?:...
7. Which of the following maxillary major connectors possesses the...
2. Infrabulge clasps originate:
159. Following parts of a RPD may act as indirect retainer except:
80. A cingulum rest should be placed:
142. Denture bases of RPD offer:
118. Finishing line junction with major connector should have angle:
56. If this RPD was fabricated exactly as drawn on the design cast,...
25. Component of a clasp assembly are:
41. More acceptable esthetically and less caries formation for...
112. When a minor connector contacts tooth surface on either side of...
114. Angle at junction between major connector and denture base minor...
135. Most apical portion of a cingulum rest is:
185. The minor connector that contacts the guiding plane:
163. Following factors increase effectiveness of indirect retainer,...
108. Contraindication for sublingual bar are following except:
44. For the preparation of rest seat:
28. Physiologic Rest is a position of vertical dimension which...
115. Minor connector for mandibular distal extension will extend...
86. Removable partial denture movements away from tissue may...
88. Denture bases of removable partial denture offer:
91. Following parts of a removable partial denture may act as indirect...
107. Guiding plane are:
95. What are the functions of an indirect retainer:
111. A minor connector located at embrasure should be:
201. The kennedy classification of this RPD is…….in the...
146. Supporting strut for ring clasp should be placed on the:
121. Deepest part of a rest seat is towards:
57. The denture base acrylic resin minor connector on the patient's...
39. Protrusive or  Retrusive movements can also be...
169. Attachment between porcelain tooth and denture base resin is:
162. Lattice pattern is preferable for mesh pattern of minor...
77. What would be the best denture base connectors when there is...
78. All of the following clasps are infrabulge clasps except ?:
46. Tripod of dental surveyor is the method used:
171. Metal teeth in removable partial denture is indicated when:
65. Occlusal rest preparation should be:
191. Non-retentive clasp arm is best placed at the:
104. Method to determine height of floor of the mouth is:
174. Best method to check occlusion intraorally to assess relining of...
144. Limitations to use of internal attachment are following except:
90. Multiple clasps are joined at :
136. Incisal rests:
3. Reciprocation between bracing and retentive components requires:
132. Usually rest seats are located at:
147. Undercut at the point of origin of a clasp can be approached...
31. Considering the design of an RPD for the mandibular arch…:
141. Direct retainers offer:
29. A jaw which is moving in a "left or right" motion would be called...
5. Maxillary major connectors most common use is:
99. An undercut in relation to tooth lies:
190. The main aim of anterior-posterior tilt of the cast during...
130. RPD movements away from tissues may occur due to following...
131. Vertical tissue ward movement of denture is controlled by...
38. A mandibular movement which is<< either opening or closing...
195. What are the functions of an indirect retainer:
196. In general, lingual plating should be supported:
16. The Gridwork of Minor Connector on a maxillary class 1 RPD:
200. The kennedy classification of this RPD is…….in the...
8. Which of the following clasps commonly utilize lingual undercut?:
32. Which one of the following Kennedy classes of RPD, never has an...
154. Bar type configuration of clasps can also be used for:
22. Direct retainer (clasps):
49. Lattice type of grid work minor connectors is:
122. Marginal ridge for a rest seat should be reduced by at least:
14. A combination clasp assembly generally has:
59.The superior border of this major connector:
199. In which of following mandibular position would you find the...
42. Best selection of preventing abutments tooth of class I...
93. Labial bar is indicated when:
164. Distance of indirect retainer from fulcrum line is affected...
180. Impression materials that may be used to register the supporting...
33. A class I modification 0 of RPD normally are have many clasps?:
21. Which of the following steps is done LAST ?:
79. Which of the following clasps commonly utilize lingual undercut ?:
51. The kennedy classification of this RPD is:
182. Guiding planes may be contacted by following parts of partial...
150. Following are true for I bar clasp, except:
129. Advantage of internal occlusal rest are following except:
97. All of the following are advantages of the gingivally approaching...
67. In which of the following mandibular positions are the teeth in...
52. The Kennedy classification of this RPD is:
127. Difference between internal occlusal rest and internal attachment...
109. A continuous bar is otherwise known as:
102. Rest:
81. An area undercut may preclude the selection of :
30. The condyle on the working side is called the working condyle,...
126. Internal occlusal rests are indicated in:
128. When internal occlusal rests are used, we can use:
18. A lingual plate major connector may be selected be cause
148. Multiple clasps are jointed at:
19. An anterior posterior palatal strap major connector is less...
202. The kennedy classification of this RPD is…….in the...
20. In a circumferential clasp assembly, the arms may extend into an...
47. What are the typical positions of the maxillary and mandibular...
192. The relation of the cast to surveyor can be recorded in the ...
54. Considering the design of an RPD for the mandibular arch:
58. The external finish lines on this framework are:
152. In the following philosophy of RPI system, the functional force...
160. In class I distal extension denture base, moving indirect...
50.The kennedy classification of this RPD is:
60. Which of the following is missing from the clasp on #45?:
61. The major connector in this mandibular class I removable partial...
63. In this Class I  mandibular removable partial denture, rests...
157. Infrabulge clasp is advocated by:
71. Indication of Removable Partial Denture: 
153. RPI system is indicated:
155. When a survey line is high:
172. Chemical bonding of resin to metal involves following, except:
156. Infrabulge clasp is a type of::
119. Small window in relief wax distal to terminal abutment in distal...
85. Following structure of RPD gives both occlusal support and...
168. Requirements of denture base minor connector are following,...
123. An angle > 90 degrees between rest and its minor connector may...
 173. Manifestations of loss of support for distal extension...
138. Full incisal rests are indicated in following except:
165. For indirect retainer to be effective, most important factor is:
6. Anterior posterior palatal strap especially use is:
186. The reduced thickness of minor connector contact guiding plane...
158. In an infrabulge clasp, the clasp arm arises either from:
151. Following are true for minor connector of an occlusal rest RPI...
48. Mesh type of grid work minor connectors is:
116. Minor connector for maxillary distal extension denture base...
143. Intracoronal retainer mechanism is:
62. The major connector in this mandibular class I removable partial...
184. Following are the intended functions of guiding planes, except:
137. Disadvantages of incisal rest are following except:
96. In the mesial rest, guide plane and i-bar design, reciprocation is...
110. Continuous bar lies:  
194. Tripoding is the method used:
134. Approach for a cingulum rest is:
89. In distal extension denture base, when there is no modification...
149. Uses of multiple clasp includes following except:
140. Retention of RPD is obtained by:
203. The kennedy classification of this RPD is…….in the...
117. Tissue stops are useful in:
105.  Sublingual bar is placed:
176. Following are true for distal extension denture base RPD except:
161. Canine extensions from occlusal rests are used as indirect...
120. Setting of a RPD may occur due to one of the following reasons,...
175. Methods to check loss of support for distal extension denture...
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