Paramedic Quiz Chapter 20
Based on Nancy Carolines Emergency Care in the streets Chapter 20 Burns
- 1.The least significant complication associated with damage to the skin following a burn injury is
- A.
Decreased melanin granules
- B.
Disturbances in fluid balance
- C.
Difficulty with thermoregulation
- D.
Susceptibility to bacterial invasion
- 2.The severity of a thermal burn correlates directly with
- A.
The body's ability to effectively dissipate significant heat energy and the patient's general state of health
- B.
The presence of any underlying medical problems, the duration of exposure, and the temperature of the heat source.
- C.
The duration of exposure, the physical size of the patient, and the presence of concomitant traumatic injuries.
- D.
The temperature of the heat source of the heat source, amount of heat energy possessed by the object or substance and the duration of exposure
- 3.Which of the following statements regarding scald burns is most correct
- A.
Once hot liquids come in contact with clothing, heat is rapidly dissipated
- B.
Scald burns often cover large surface areas because liquids spread quickly
- C.
Scald burns caused by grease or oil are typically limited to the epidermis
- D.
Scald burns are less commonly seen in pediatric patients that adult patients
- 4.What type of thermal burn is most commonly associated with inhalation injury
- A.
Steam burns
- B.
Flame burns
- C.
Scald burns
- D.
Arc burns
- 5.Burn shock is caused by
- A.
A massive infection that occurs when microorganisms breach burned skin
- B.
Renal failure secondary to excess myoglobin production from burned muscle
- C.
Fluid loss across damaged skin and volume shifts within the rest of the body
- D.
Acute dehydration, and it commonly manifests within 30 minutes after the burn
- 6.Upper airway damge following a burn is most often caused by
- A.
The inhalation of superheated gases
- B.
Exposure to carbon monoxide or cyanide
- C.
The inhalation of hot particulate steam
- D.
Direct flame exposure to the oropharynx
- 7.Which of the following statements regarding carbon monoxide poisoning is most correct
- A.
Never rule out CO poisoning because of the absence of cherry red skin
- B.
The most common symptom of CO poisoning is chest pressure
- C.
CO results in systemic hypoxia by disintegrating red blood cells
- D.
Hyperbaric therapy is beneficial only if CO levels are above 40%
- 8.The degree of absorption of a corrosive chemical determines
- A.
The type of liquid used to irrigate the burn
- B.
Whether the burn should be flushed
- C.
Whether toxicity is local or systemic
- D.
The antidote required to reverse the effects
- 9.Phosphorus is found in_______ and burns when exposed to ________
- A.
Fireworks,air
- B.
Oven cleaner, water
- C.
Drain cleaner, air
- D.
Battery acid, water
- 10.Which of the following chemicals corrode the skin and cause massive protein denaturing
- A.
Chlorine
- B.
Ammonium
- C.
Sulfur mustard
- D.
Hydrogen peroxide
- 11.A person who is exposed to cement
- A.
Typically only experiences burns to the epidermal layer because calcium oxide is a weak chemical
- B.
Often does not experience a burn unless he or she is exposed to the cement for longer than 2 hours
- C.
May not notice a skin burn for hours because cement penetrates through clothing and reacts with sweat
- D.
Experiences immediate pain and inflammation to the area because of the calcium oxide in the cement
- 12.The outer zone of an entrance or exit wound caused by a contract electrical burn is
- A.
The red zone of coagulation necrosis
- B.
Simply caused by local inflammation
- C.
A charred area of full thickness burn
- D.
Characterized by cold, gray, dry tissue
- 13.Victims standing near an object that is struck by lightning
- A.
Most commonly experience blast type injuries
- B.
Often have areas of burns that resemble a fine red rash
- C.
Typically experience intractable ventricular fibrillation
- D.
Experience full thickness burns that require debridement
- 14.Damage to the kidneys follows an electrical injury
- A.
Is caused by excess serum potassium levels
- B.
Occurs when damaged muscle produces myoglobin
- C.
Can be prevented with boluses of lactated ringers
- D.
Is the result of electricity passing through the kidneys
- 15.Most lighting related injuries occur when the victim
- A.
Experiences a direct hit while standing in a large open area
- B.
Is talking on a phone and a utility pole is truck by lighting
- C.
Is attempting to escape an oncoming thunderstorm by running
- D.
Receives a splash effect after lighting strikes a nearby object
- 16.After an adult victim is struck by lighting and experiences cardiac arrest
- A.
Five minutes of CPR generally restores a pulse
- B.
Perform a compression to ventilate ratio of 15:2
- C.
His or her heart may resume beating spontaneously
- D.
The ECG usually shows an organized cardiac rythm
- 17.Compared to beta radiation particles, alpha radiation particles
- A.
Have minimal penetrating energy
- B.
Easily pass through solid materials
- C.
Are able to travel much farther in air
- D.
Are not dangerous if they are ingested
- 18.Many of the physiologic changes cause dby acute radiation syndrome
- A.
Can be reversed if chemotherapy is administered within 24 hours
- B.
Occur over time and will not be apparent in the prehospital setting
- C.
Are a direct result of beta particles and are usually life threatening
- D.
Manifest with lethal cardiac dysrhythmias and sudden cardiac arrest
- 19.Unlike chemical burns, radiation burns
- A.
Generally extended into the dermal layer
- B.
May appear hours or days after exposure
- C.
Are typically confined to the epidermis
- D.
Are immediately apparent after exposure
- 20.While standing by at the scene of a structual fire, it is most important to remember that
- A.
Toxic gases are often present, even after the fire is out
- B.
The lead paramedic determines where you should stage
- C.
Most fabric materials release cyanide when they burn
- D.
You may need to provide rehabilitation for fire fighters
- 21.If a burn patient presents with a hoarse voice and states "I'm cold" your most immediate concern should be
- A.
Hypothermia
- B.
Burn shock
- C.
Inhalation injury
- D.
Cyanide toxicity
- 22.With regard to thermal burn injury, the zone of coagulation
- A.
May undergo necrosis within 24-48 hours after the burn
- B.
Surrounds the central part of the burn and is often inflamed
- C.
Is the area least affected by the burn and will likely recover
- D.
Is the central part of the burn and suffers the most damage
- 23.Which of the following statements regarding partial-thickness burns is most correct
- A.
Partial thickness burns are usually extremely painful for the patient
- B.
They are difficult to distinguish from a superficial burn in the field
- C.
The majority of partial thickness burns are caused by an open flame
- D.
Is the central part of the burn and suffers the most damage
- 24.According to the rule of nines, an adult man with partial and full thickness burns to his head, face and anterior chest has burns to __% of his TBSA
- A.
18
- B.
27
- C.
36
- D.
45
- 25.The purpose of estimating a patient's TBSA burns in the prehospital setting is to
- A.
Obtain an accurate calculation of how severe the patient's burns are
- B.
Determine whether the patient should be transported via helicopter
- C.
Ascertain how much IV fluid the patient should receive during transport
- D.
Help the paramedic determine the most appropriate destination hospital
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