React with insufficient speed droop
Have excessive sensitivity to small speed changes
Fail to react to small speed changes
Remain in the neutral position
A steady flow of water from the expansion tank vent
Lower temperature at the cylinder head water discharge
Combustion gases venting at the expansion tank
Water draining from the fuel leakoff lines
Facilitate the installation of piston rings
Prevent crankcase vapors from entering the combustion chamber
Reduce wearing of the upper cylinder liner
Allow for the expansion of the piston during operation
No protection is necessary because all starting air valves are designed similar to check valves.
The starting air main shall be protected by the use of a rupture disc.
An isolation non-return valve is to be installed at the starting air supply connection to each engine.
The materials used in the construction of the starting air mains will contain any explosion
Before TDC
During air starting
At TDC
After TDC
Brake horsepower
Net horsepower
Friction horsepower
Indicated horsepower
Slightly less than atmospheric pressure
Approximately equal to exhaust manifold pressure at all times
That is widely fluctuating
Constantly decreasing as engine load increases
Hydraulic nuts as commonly found on large low speed engines
Cotter pins made of spring steel
Split pins or other effective means
Hardened steel nut locks
Injection pressures
Control air supply pressure
Lube oil temperature
Cooling water flow through after coolers
Closing later
Staying open for a shorter period of time
Opening sooner
Staying open for a longer period of time
Timing of the pump
The size of the holes in the fuel nozzle
Supply pressure to the pump
Shape of the combustion chamber
Thermal efficiency will increase
Combustion will be slowed down
The expansion ratio will decrease
Thermal efficiency will decrease
Insufficient compression
High lube oil pressure
Low lube oil viscosity
High cetane number
Excessive cylinder lubrication
A light load
Excessive compression pressure
Cold intake air
Condensation of water vapors
Breakdown of the lubricating oil itself
Air when no air cleaners are used
Metal particles loosened by wear
Plunger rotates to the zero delivery position until next stroke
Pres. drops slowly until the full stroke is attained
Pumping continues until the plunger travels its full stroke
Effective pumping stroke of the plunger ends
Whenever the secondary station is switched to 'bridge control'
Only after the engine room control station is switched to 'bridge control'
With the approval of the chief engineer only
At any time
Transferred to water cooled cylinder walls
Radiated through the engine block
Conducted through the piston crown
Transferred to escaping exhaust gases
Timing
Metering
Rate of distribution
Rate of injection
Neoprene
Soft copper
Sheet asbestos
Fiberglass
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