Obesity Scenario Revision Quiz
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Please provide feedback on this quiz as a teaching/revision activity on the obesity scenario. Thank you for completing the quiz, we hope it was helpful :)
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Test your knowledge about the first 3 weeks of HMb with this short quiz.
See how much you remember and what you should start studying!
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- 2.
Which are key processes in the breakdown of skeletal proteins for energy? (Select all that apply)
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A. Transamination and deamination of the amino acid to produce NH4+
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B. Excretion of NH4+ in the urea cycle
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C. Carnitine transport system to move acyl CoA into mitochondria
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D. Proteolysis of skeletal muscle to produce amino acids
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E. Gluconeogenesis from pyruvate producing glucose to be used by tissues for energy
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F. Carbon skeleton conversion into pyruvate
Correct Answer(s)
A. A. Transamination and deamination of the amino acid to produce NH4+
A. B. Excretion of NH4+ in the urea cycle
A. D. Proteolysis of skeletal muscle to produce amino acids
A. E. Gluconeogenesis from pyruvate producing glucose to be used by tissues for energy
A. F. Carbon skeleton conversion into pyruvateExplanation
A - correct. Transamination and deamination are the first step in AMINO ACID breakdown in order to remove the toxic amino group and form a carbon skeleton for gluconeogenesis
B - Correct. NH4+ (ammonium) is the byproduct of deamination, and must then be excreted in the urea cycle to prevent toxicity
C - incorrect. The carnitine transport system is important in FAT METABOLISM. Acyl-CoA does not play a role in protein metabolism.
D - correct. Proteins in muscle must first be broken down into amino acids in order to be metabolised.
E - correct. Once pyruvate has been produced, it can be used in gluconeogenesis to produce glucose to be transported to tissues such as the brain for energy production via glycolysis.
F - correct. The carbon skeleton of amino acids can be converted into pyruvate via several pathways to produce pyruvate for use in gluconeogenesis.Rate this question:
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- 3.
True or false?: Type 1 diabetes involves high levels of glucose in the blood but low levels intracellularly.
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True
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False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
The lack of insulin prevents glucose being transported into the cell so blood concentrations are high, but intracellular concentrations are low.Rate this question:
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- 4.
If a set of data contains 2 groups e.g. diabetic and non-diabetic and each group has a respective frequency, what test should be used to determine statistical significance between the groups?
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The t-test
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The chi squared test
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Both the t-test and chi squared test can be used
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Neither of these tests
Correct Answer
A. The chi squared testExplanation
The Chi-Squared Test is used when:
-We are comparing two groups
-The data is discrete “all or nothing” e.g. did the patients become diabetic from taking this drug? – it is a yes or no answer
(the t-test is used for continuous data)Rate this question:
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- 5.
What are the six main ethical frameworks under the ethics wheel?
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A. Autonomy, relational, utilitarianism, social perspectives, human rights, virtue Ethics
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B. Narrative, public health, human rights, virtue ethics, principle-based, consequentialism
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C. Utilitarianism, principle-based, autonomy, relational, virtue ethics, public health
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D. Virtue ethics, consequentialism, social perspectives, relational, principle-based, human rights
Correct Answer
A. D. Virtue ethics, consequentialism, social perspectives, relational, principle-based, human rightsExplanation
The main headings, and their subcategories, are:
1. Principle-based
- Autonomy
- Non-maleficence
- Beneficence
- Justice
- Confidentiality
- Veracity
2. Relational
- Narrative
- Care
- Feminist
3. Consequentialism
- Utilitarianism
4. Social perspectives
- Public health
- Communitarianism
5. Human rights
6. Virtue ethicsRate this question:
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- 6.
Which is the rate limiting step in glycolysis?
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Glucose-6-phosphate to fructose-6-phosphate, catalysed by phosphoglucose isomerase
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Glucose to glucose-6-phosphate, catalysed by hexokinase
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Fructose-6-phosphate to fructose-1,6-bisphosphate, catalysed by phosphofructokinase
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Phosphoenolpyruvate to pyruvate, catalysed by pyruvate kinase
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Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase to dehydroxyacetone phosphate and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate, catalysed by aldolase
Correct Answer
A. Fructose-6-phosphate to fructose-1,6-bisphosphate, catalysed by phosphofructokinaseExplanation
The other options are correct STEPS in glycolysis, but not the RATE LIMITING STEP.
F-6-P --> F-1,6bisP is the rate limiting step in glycolysis because it is catalysed by phosphofructokinase. PFK is the least active enzyme in glycolysis and hence the reaction it is involved with is the major control point in the pathway
Isomerase enzymes rearrange molecules - so G-6-P-->F-6-P is a rearrangement of the atoms.
Kinase enzymes ADD PHOSPHATE - so glucose --> glucose-6-P adds a phophate (as you can see from the name). (and similarly for F-6-P to F-1,6-bisP - bis indicates 2 phosphates)
Aldolase cleaves the F-1,6-bisP molecule in two.Rate this question:
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- 7.
Which ethical argument is most correctly matched with its ethical framework?
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A. This is the wrong thing to do because it involves deceiving/misleading the patient - justice ethics
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B. This is the wrong thing to do because it benefits the most people, but involves harming a few - utilitarianism
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C. This is right because it helps the patient - beneficence
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D. This is right because it doesn't discriminate against patients based on their socio-economic status - virtue ethics
Correct Answer
A. C. This is right because it helps the patient - beneficenceExplanation
a. Justice ethics looks at being fair and equal to your patients. A better ethical framework for this argument would be veracity, which is to do with truthfulness and honesty. Both Justice and Veracity are under the overall framework of principle-based ethics
b. Utilitarianism looks at benefiting the maximum number of people. If the action overall benefited the most people, it therefore would be considered the right thing to do, despite harm that may occur to a minority.
c. Beneficence follows the argument that you should benefit others when possible. This answer is therefore correct
d. Virtue ethics looks at what a virtuous person would do. Whilst a virtuous person therefore would not discriminate against their patients, a better answer would be to match the argument with Justice ethics, which looks at fairness and equality, or human rights ethics, which follows the idea of the UN declaration of human rights, which includes the right individuals have to live without discrimination.Rate this question:
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- 8.
Select the true statement(s):
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Insulin is used as the first line of treatment for type 2 diabetes
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Type 1 diabetes is usually caused by insulin resistance
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Type 2 diabetes usually affects individuals over the age of 30
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Only 25% of type 1 diabetics require insulin treatment
Correct Answer
A. Type 2 diabetes usually affects individuals over the age of 30Explanation
Insulin is first line treatment for type 1 diabetes
Type 1 diabetes is usually caused by lack of insulin due to beta-islet cell damage. Type 2 diabetes is usually caused by insulin resistance
About 25% of type 2 diabetics require insulin treatment, while 100% type 1 diabetics will require insulin.Rate this question:
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- 9.
Which is the terminal electron acceptor in the respiratory chain?http://www.proprofs.com/quiz-school/editquiz.php?id=258648
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Water, H2O
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Coenzyme Q
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Oxygen O2
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NADH
Correct Answer
A. Oxygen O2Explanation
The terminal (last) electron acceptor in the respiratory chain is oxygen, which is reduced to FORM water.
CoQ is part of the chain of electron transport.
NADH acts as the electron donor at the start of the respiratory chain.Rate this question:
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- 10.
Which arguments support forcing obese individuals to lose weight and are correctly grouped with their ethical framework? (possibly more than one answer)
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A. The overall benefit to society of forcing individuals to lose weight outweighs the discomfort of the individual who is forced to lose weight - consequentialism
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B. Individuals have a right to decide on their own weight, so should not be forced into losing weight - Autonomy
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C. It is in the good of the community, in terms of increased health, well being and productivity, for individuals to lose weight - communitarianism
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D. The individual story of a person needs to be taken into account when considering their situation. Not all people should be forced to lose weight - Human Rights
Correct Answer(s)
A. A. The overall benefit to society of forcing individuals to lose weight outweighs the discomfort of the individual who is forced to lose weight - consequentialism
A. C. It is in the good of the community, in terms of increased health, well being and productivity, for individuals to lose weight - communitarianismExplanation
a. Consequentialism considers the ethical decision to be the one that provides maximum benefit. Obesity has a huge cost to society, an if it were to be eradicated, it would have an overall beneficial effect.
b. Autonomy follows the idea that patients have the right to decide their own treatment. The argument and framework are therefore correctly matched together, however this is an argument against forcing individuals to lose weight
c. Communitarianism looks at what is best for the overall community, and as such could support forcing individuals to lose weight
d. Human rights ethics believes all people have the right to basic rights, including access to food, clean drinking water, shelter, no discrimination, etc. Whilst this framework could be used to argue that obese individuals have the right to not be discriminated against and forced into doing something, the individual story of a patient is an argument under the relational ethics framework, more specifically, narrative ethics. Additionally, not forcing individuals is an argument against the statement in the question, which said individuals should be forced to lose weight.Rate this question:
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- 11.
True or false?: A Type 1 Error is when we incorrectly reject the null hypothesis i.e. when P<0.05 and we assume that there is a significant difference when in fact it was simply due to chance
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True
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False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
A Type 1 Error occurs when we incorrectly reject the null hypothesis, meaning we conclude that there is a significant difference when in fact it was simply due to chance. This error is commonly associated with a significance level (alpha) of 0.05, where we reject the null hypothesis if the p-value is less than 0.05.Rate this question:
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- 12.
What are common GIT symptoms?
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Vomiting
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Heart burn
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Abdominal pain
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Oligouria
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Weight loss
Correct Answer(s)
A. Vomiting
A. Heart burn
A. Abdominal pain
A. Weight lossExplanation
Oligouria is a urinary symptomRate this question:
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- 13.
What is the best way to start a medical history?
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Ask about past medical history
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Ask about duration of the complaint
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Ask the effect of pain on daily life
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Ask an open question on why hes at the hospital
Correct Answer
A. Ask an open question on why hes at the hospitalExplanation
Open questions are awesome! ;)Rate this question:
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- 14.
True or false?: The treatment of Type 1 diabetes involves the use of oral hypoglycaemic drugs
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True
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False
Correct Answer
A. FalseExplanation
Treatment of Type 1 diabetes involves replacement of insulin.
It is the treatment of type 2 diabetes which uses oral hypoglycaemic drugs.Rate this question:
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- 15.
Which one of the following is incorrect:
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The t-value is the difference between the group means divided by the variability of the groups
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The smaller the t value, the smaller the degree of significance between the two groups and the greater the chance that the difference in the two group means is due to chance alone.
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If a t-value is large than its corresponding P value will also be large
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If P > 0.05 we must reject the alternative hypothesis and accept the null hypothesis – that there is no statistical significance between the two groups and the difference occurring in the data is simply due to chance
Correct Answer
A. If a t-value is large than its corresponding P value will also be largeExplanation
C is incorrect. The larger the t value, the smaller the corresponding P value and a P value < 0.05 means there is statistical significance between the 2 groups. Therefore a big t value is good!Rate this question:
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Mar 21, 2023Quiz Edited by
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Aug 22, 2011Quiz Created by
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