Arterial Blood Gas (ABG) Analysis NCLEX Exam #2 (10 Questions)

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Arterial Blood Gas (ABG) Analysis NCLEX Exam #2 (10 Questions) - Quiz

All questions are shown, but the results will only be given after you’ve finished the quiz. You are given 1 minute per question, a total of 10 minutes in this quiz.

Questions and Answers

1.

Low plasma PaCO2
- A.
  
  Metabolic Acidosis
- B.
  
  Respiratory Alkalosis
- C.
  
  Metabolic Alkalosis
- D.
  
  Respiratory Acidosis
Correct Answer
B. Respiratory Alkalosis

Explanation
Excessive pulmonary ventilation decreases hydrogen ion concentration and thus causes respiratory alkalosis. It can become dangerous when it leads to cardiac dysrhythmias caused partly by a decrease in serum potassium levels.

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2.

High plasma PaCO2
- A.
  
  Metabolic Acidosis
- B.
  
  Respiratory Alkalosis
- C.
  
  Metabolic Alkalosis
- D.
  
  Respiratory Acidosis
Correct Answer
D. Respiratory Acidosis

Explanation
An excess of carbon dioxide (hypercapnia) can cause carbon dioxide narcosis. In this condition. carbon dioxide levels are so high that they no longer stimulate respirations but depress them.

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1
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3.

Decreased plasma bicarbonate (HCO3-)
- A.
  
  Metabolic Acidosis
- B.
  
  Respiratory Alkalosis
- C.
  
  Metabolic Alkalosis
- D.
  
  Respiratory Acidosis
Correct Answer
A. Metabolic Acidosis

Explanation
The body compensates by using body fat for energy. producing abnormal amounts of ketone bodies. In an effort to neutralize the ketones and maintain the acid-base balance of the body. plasma bicarbonate is exhausted. This condition can develop in anyone who does not eat an adequate diet and whose body fat must be burned for energy. Symptoms include headache and mental dullness.

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4.

Increased plasma bicarbonate (HCO3-)
- A.
  
  Metabolic Acidosis
- B.
  
  Respiratory Alkalosis
- C.
  
  Metabolic Alkalosis
- D.
  
  Respiratory Acidosis
Correct Answer
C. Metabolic Alkalosis

Explanation
In metabolic alkalosis. breathing becomes depressed in an effort to conserve carbon dioxide for combination with water in the blood to raise the blood level of carbonic acid. Symptoms include confusion. dizziness. numbness or tingling of fingers or toes.

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5.

What two organs in the body serve as a compensatory function to maintain acid base balance?
- A.
  
  Kidneys and Lungs
- B.
  
  Lungs and Spleen
- C.
  
  Heart and Liver
- D.
  
  Gallbladder and Appendix
Correct Answer
A. Kidneys and Lungs

Explanation
The carbonic acid concentration is controlled by the amount of carbon dioxide excreted by the lungs. The bicarbonate concentration is controlled by the kidneys. which selectively retain or excrete bicarbonate in response to the body’s needs.

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6.

Arterial blood gas (ABG) measurement will give the information needed to determine if the primary disturbance of acid-base balance is respiratory or metabolic in nature.
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
- C.
  
  Both Carbonic Acid Excess and Deficit Only
- D.
  
  Both Bicarbonate Excess and Deficit Only
Correct Answer
B. False

Explanation
ABG’s are blood tests that are useful in identifying the cause and extent of the acid-base disturbance and in guiding and monitoring treatment.

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7.

The major effect of acidosis is overexcitement of the central nervous system.
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
- C.
  
  Maybe
- D.
  
  Both Acidosis and Alkalosis result in overexcitement of the central nervous system.
Correct Answer
A. True

Explanation
The major effect is a depression of the central nervous system. as evidenced by disorientation followed by coma.

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8.

Alkalosis is characterized by overexcitement of the nervous system.
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
- C.
  
  The major effect of Alkalosis is a depression of the central nervous system.
- D.
  
  Both Acidosis and Alkalosis result in overexcitement of the central nervous system.
Correct Answer
A. True

Explanation
The muscles may go into a state of tetany and convulsions.

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9.

The human body functions optimally in a state of homeostasis.
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
- C.
  
  Maybe
- D.
  
  Homeostasis has nothing to do with metabolic balance.
Correct Answer
A. True

Explanation
The maintenance of acid-base balance. which in one part of homeostasis. is evidenced by an arterial plasma pH value of 7.35-7.45. Many mechanisms in the body work together to achieve and maintain this delicate narrow range of pH that is essential for normal cell function.

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10.

Acids have no hydrogen ions and are able to bind in a solution.
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
- C.
  
  Acid is a substance that is not capable of donating hydrogen ions.
- D.
  
  Acids and bases have nothing to do with hydrogen ions.
Correct Answer
B. False

Explanation
Acids are substances having one or more hydrogen ions that can be liberated into a solution.Bases are substances that can bind hydrogen ions in a solution.

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Arterial Blood Gas (ABG) Analysis NCLEX Exam #2 (10 Questions)

Low plasma PaCO2

High plasma PaCO2

Decreased plasma bicarbonate (HCO3-)

Increased plasma bicarbonate (HCO3-)

What two organs in the body serve as a compensatory function to maintain acid base balance?

Arterial blood gas (ABG) measurement will give the information needed to determine if the primary disturbance of acid-base balance is respiratory or metabolic in nature.

The major effect of acidosis is overexcitement of the central nervous system.

Alkalosis is characterized by overexcitement of the nervous system.

The human body functions optimally in a state of homeostasis.

Acids have no hydrogen ions and are able to bind in a solution.