Quiz I Civil B

The data required for estimation includes drawing, specification, and rate. Drawing provides a visual representation of the project, specification outlines the detailed requirements and materials needed, and rate refers to the cost per unit or labor rate. All of these factors are essential for accurate estimation as they provide the necessary information to calculate costs, quantities, and timelines for the project.

The correct answer is Planning commission. The government of India has established NITI Aayog to replace the Planning commission. NITI Aayog, which stands for National Institution for Transforming India, was formed in 2015 to serve as a policy think tank and to provide strategic and technical advice to the government. It replaced the Planning commission, which was responsible for formulating five-year plans and overseeing the allocation of resources in the country. NITI Aayog aims to promote cooperative federalism, sustainable development, and inclusive growth in India.

The length of a transition curve is determined by a combination of factors, including the rate of change of centrifugal acceleration, the velocity of the vehicle, and the rate of introduction of super elevation. All of these factors play a role in determining the length of the transition curve, and none of them can be excluded as they all contribute to the overall design and safety of the curve. Therefore, the length of the transition curve depends on all of the mentioned factors.

The head of Lok Sabha, the lower house of the Indian Parliament, is the Speaker. The Speaker is responsible for maintaining order during parliamentary sessions, deciding on points of order, and presiding over debates and voting. They also represent the Lok Sabha in its relations with the President and the Council of Ministers. The Speaker plays a crucial role in ensuring the smooth functioning of the Lok Sabha and upholding the principles of democracy and parliamentary procedures.

The limiting moment of resistance of a beam can be calculated using the formula:

Mlim = (0.87 * fy * Ast * (d - a/2))/1000

Where:
Mlim = Limiting moment of resistance
fy = Yield strength of steel
Ast = Area of tension steel reinforcement
d = Effective depth of the beam
a = Depth of the compression block

Given:
Effective depth (d) = 500 mm
Width = 300 mm
fck = 20 MPa
fy = 415 MPa

To calculate the limiting moment of resistance, we need to determine the area of tension steel reinforcement (Ast) and the depth of the compression block (a). However, these values are not provided in the question. Therefore, an explanation cannot be generated.

The President of India nominates 12 members to the Rajya Sabha. These members are chosen from various fields such as literature, science, art, and social services. The nomination of these members allows for the representation of diverse expertise and experiences in the Rajya Sabha, contributing to a well-rounded and informed decision-making process.

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The assumption that plane sections remain plane before and after bending implies that there is no shear deformation. In other words, it assumes that the concrete does not experience any sliding or shearing along the plane section when it is subjected to bending forces. This assumption is commonly made in the analysis of beams and other structural elements, simplifying the calculations and allowing for easier determination of the bending moments and stresses. However, it should be noted that in reality, there can be some degree of shear deformation, especially in cases where the bending forces are significant.

The correct answer is V/(9.5√R). This formula represents the concept of psychological widening. The variable V represents the value or importance of a decision or event, while R represents the level of risk involved. By dividing V by 9.5 times the square root of R, the formula accounts for both the value and the risk, resulting in a measure of psychological widening. This suggests that as the value or risk increases, the psychological widening also increases.

The correct answer is 132. The stopping sight distance (SSD) is the distance needed for a vehicle to come to a complete stop after the driver perceives a hazard and reacts to it. It is calculated by adding the perception-reaction distance and the braking distance. In this case, the design speed is 80 kmph, the gradient is -2%, the reaction time is 2.5 seconds, and the coefficient of friction is 0.35. By using the appropriate formulas and calculations, the SSD is determined to be 132 meters.

The correct answer is ft = fck + KS. This equation represents the target mean strength of a concrete mix. "ft" represents the target mean strength, "fck" represents the characteristic strength of concrete, "K" represents a constant, and "S" represents the standard deviation of the concrete mix. By adding the product of the constant "K" and the standard deviation "S" to the characteristic strength "fck," we can calculate the target mean strength "ft" of the concrete mix.

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The first hour of every parliamentary sitting is designated as the Question Hour. During this time, Members of Parliament have the opportunity to ask questions to ministers of the government regarding various issues and policies. This allows for accountability and transparency as ministers are required to provide detailed answers and explanations. It also serves as a platform for MPs to raise important concerns and seek clarification on matters of public interest.

The permissible load on a column according to IS 456:2000, for minimum eccentricity

The correct answer is 5000√(fck). According to IS 456:2000, the modulus of elasticity of concrete is given by the formula 5000√(fck), where fck is the characteristic compressive strength of concrete in N/mm2. This formula represents the relationship between the modulus of elasticity and the compressive strength of concrete, indicating that as the compressive strength increases, the modulus of elasticity also increases.

A simply supported beam is considered as a deep beam when the span to depth ratio is less than 2.0. This means that the span of the beam is relatively small compared to its depth. Deep beams are designed differently from regular beams because they experience higher shear and flexural stresses. Therefore, a span to depth ratio of less than 2.0 is an important criterion to identify a simply supported beam as a deep beam according to IS 456:2000.

When the rate and amount columns in an abstract sheet are left blank for the contractor to fill in, it is known as a Bill of Quantity. This document specifies the quantities of materials, labor, and equipment required for a construction project, but does not include the rates or amounts for each item. The contractor is responsible for providing these details based on their own pricing and calculations.

The unit of timbering is typically measured in cubic meters (m3) as it refers to the volume of timber used. Plastering is measured in square meters (m2) as it refers to the area covered by the plaster. Steel is measured in kilograms (kg) as it refers to the weight of the steel used. Therefore, the correct answer is m3, m2, kg.

Stripping refers to the process of removing the formwork or molds that were used to shape and support the concrete during its curing process. This is typically done once the concrete has hardened and gained enough strength to support itself. Stripping allows for the reuse of the formwork for future projects and also exposes the finished concrete surface. The other options, clearing, deforming work, and screeding, do not accurately describe the process of removing formwork from concrete.

The curing period is the time required for a material to reach its desired strength and durability. Temperature plays a crucial role in this process as it affects the rate of chemical reactions and the development of the material's properties. Maturity refers to the cumulative effect of time and temperature on the curing process. By measuring the temperature over time, the maturity of the material can be determined, which provides a reliable indicator of its strength and performance. Therefore, the equation "Curing Period X Temperature = Maturity" implies that the combination of time and temperature influences the maturity of the material during the curing process.

The correct answer is 0.446fck. According to the limit state method, the maximum compressive stress in concrete for design purposes is taken as 0.446 times the characteristic compressive strength of concrete (fck). This factor of 0.446 is used to ensure the safety and durability of the structure by accounting for uncertainties and variations in material properties and construction processes.

Lap splicing in compression should not be less than 24 times the diameter of the bar. This means that when splicing bars together in a compression zone, the overlap length should be at least 24 times the diameter of the bar. This ensures that the spliced section can effectively transfer the compressive forces without causing failure or compromising the structural integrity of the reinforced concrete element.

The development length, Ld, in terms of the diameter of reinforcement, for the compression zone in limit state design is 32.2 times φ. This means that the length required for the bond between the reinforcement and the concrete to develop its full strength is 32.2 times the diameter of the reinforcement. This calculation takes into account the yield strength of the HYSD bar and the bond strength with plain bar.

Grade compensation is calculated by dividing the sum of 30 and R by R. This formula suggests that the grade compensation is determined by adding a constant value of 30 to the variable R and then dividing it by R. The purpose of this calculation is to adjust or compensate for any potential discrepancies or variations in the grade, based on the value of R.

The given question asks for a personal preference, asking which option the person likes. The answer states "Option 1" without any further explanation or context.