Toyota Hackathon: Code For Safer India

An electric fuse is based on the heating effect of the current. When excessive current flows through a fuse, it causes the fuse wire to heat up and melt, thus breaking the circuit and protecting the electrical equipment from damage. This is achieved by using a fuse wire with a low melting point, allowing it to easily melt and break the circuit when the current exceeds a certain limit.

The gap between two neurons is called the synaptic gap. This is the small space between the axon terminal of one neuron and the dendrite of another neuron. It is where neurotransmitters are released from the axon terminal and received by the dendrite, allowing for the transmission of signals between neurons.

A neuron is the longest cell in the human body. Neurons are specialized cells that transmit information throughout the body. They have a long, slender structure called an axon that can extend over long distances, allowing for communication between different parts of the body. Neurons are found in the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves, and their length can vary from a few millimeters to several feet. They play a crucial role in the functioning of the nervous system and are responsible for transmitting electrical signals and coordinating various bodily functions.

To find out how many toffees the vendor must sell to gain 20%, we need to calculate the selling price of one toffee. Since the vendor bought 6 toffees for a rupee, the cost price of one toffee is 1/6 rupee. To calculate the selling price, we add 20% of the cost price to the cost price. 20% of 1/6 rupee is 1/30 rupee. Adding this to the cost price, we get 1/6 + 1/30 = 5/30 + 1/30 = 6/30 = 1/5 rupee. Therefore, the vendor must sell 5 toffees for a rupee to gain 20%.

Hippopotamus sweat is red in color due to a unique combination of oils and pigments secreted by their sweat glands. These pigments, called "hipposudoric acid" and "norhipposudoric acid," have antibacterial properties and act as a sunscreen for the hippos' sensitive skin. When the acids come into contact with oxygen, they turn red, giving the sweat a reddish color. This adaptation helps protect the hippos from sunburn and infections, making their sweat a distinctive shade of red.

To find the required run rate in the remaining 40 overs, we need to calculate the total runs required in those overs. The total runs required to reach the target of 282 runs is 282 - (3.2 x 10) = 282 - 32 = 250 runs. To calculate the run rate, we divide the total runs required by the number of overs remaining, which is 250 / 40 = 6.25. Therefore, the required run rate in the remaining 40 overs is 6.25.

A voltmeter is used to measure potential difference, which is the difference in electric potential between two points in an electric circuit. It is not used to measure electric current or electric power. Both options (a) and (b) are incorrect.

When the man gets on the boat, it sinks by 1 cm. This sinking is caused by the displacement of water due to the added weight of the man. Since the boat sinks by 1 cm, it means that the weight of the man is equal to the weight of water that is displaced by the boat sinking. The weight of the water displaced is equal to the volume of water displaced multiplied by the density of water. The volume of water displaced is equal to the length multiplied by the breadth multiplied by the height of sinking (1 cm). Therefore, the weight of the man is equal to the volume of water displaced (3 m x 2 m x 0.01 m) multiplied by the density of water (1000 kg/m^3), which gives us 60 kg.

If the pupil's marks were wrongly entered as 83 instead of 63, it means that the pupil's marks were higher than they should have been. This would result in the average marks for the class being higher than they should have been as well. The increase in average marks by half indicates that the pupil's marks were half of the average marks for the class. Since the pupil's marks were entered as 83 instead of 63, it means that the average marks for the class should have been 166 instead of 126. To find the number of pupils in the class, we can divide the total marks (166) by the average marks per pupil (4). Therefore, the number of pupils in the class is 40.

When passing a parameter to a method using value parameter, the actual value of the argument is copied into the formal parameter of the function. This means that any changes made to the formal parameter within the method will not affect the original argument outside of the method.

Mercury is the correct answer because it is the only element listed that is a liquid at room temperature. Helium is a gas at room temperature, while Copper is a solid at room temperature. Therefore, the correct answer is Mercury.

The owner initially sold the plot for Rs. 18,700 and incurred a loss of 15%. To find the selling price that would result in a gain of 15%, we need to calculate the original cost price of the plot.

Let's assume the original cost price of the plot is x.

According to the given information, the selling price is 85% of the cost price (100% - 15% loss).

So, 85% of x is equal to Rs. 18,700.

0.85x = 18,700

Dividing both sides by 0.85, we get:

x = 18,700 / 0.85 = Rs. 22,000

To calculate the selling price that would result in a gain of 15%, we need to find 115% of the cost price.

115% of Rs. 22,000 is equal to:

(115/100) * 22,000 = Rs. 25,300

Therefore, the plot must be sold for Rs. 25,300 in order to gain 15%.

DNA is the correct answer because it contains the genetic instructions for the synthesis of proteins. DNA is transcribed into mRNA, which is then translated into proteins by the ribosomes. Proteins are essential for the structure, function, and regulation of cells and organisms. Hormones, rough endoplasmic reticulum, and enzymes are not directly involved in providing the information source for making proteins.

From Jan 1, 2006 to Jan 1, 2010, there are 4 years. Each year has 365 days, except for leap years which have 366 days. In this case, 2008 is a leap year. So, the total number of days is 365 + 365 + 366 + 365 = 1461 days. Since 1461 is divisible by 7, the day of the week will remain the same after 1461 days. Therefore, Jan 1, 2010 will also be a Sunday.

The correct matching of the bitwise operators and their descriptions is as follows:
- The "&" operator is the binary AND operator.
- The "^" operator is the binary XOR operator.
- The " - The ">>" operator is the binary right shift operator.

15th August 2010 was a Sunday because it was the Indian Independence Day, which is always celebrated on the 15th of August. This means that in 2010, the 15th of August fell on a Sunday.

The average of 20 numbers is zero, which means that the sum of all the numbers is also zero. In order for the sum to be zero, some numbers must be negative and some must be positive. However, since we are looking for the maximum number of numbers that can be greater than zero, we can assume that all the other numbers are negative. Therefore, the maximum number of numbers that can be greater than zero is 19.

The sum of the ages of the 5 children can be calculated by multiplying the number of children (5) by the interval between their births (3) and adding the result to the age of the youngest child. So, if the sum is 50 years, the age of the youngest child would be 50 - (5 * 3) = 35 years. However, since the given options are all less than 35, it can be concluded that the age of the youngest child is 4 years.

In C#, methods can be defined using the syntax (parameter list) { Method body }. This syntax specifies the name of the method, the parameters it accepts, and the code that makes up the body of the method. The return type and access specifier are not included in the method definition syntax. Therefore, option A) is the correct answer.

System Value Type is the correct answer because value type variables in C# can be assigned a value directly, which are derived from the System.ValueType class. This class is the base class for all value types in C#. Therefore, System Value Type is the appropriate option that accurately describes value type variables derived from the class.

The correct answer is "All i, ii, iii and iv" because C# programming language provides built-in operators for arithmetic, logical, bitwise, and assignment operations. This means that all four options (i, ii, iii, and iv) are correct as they represent the different types of operators provided by C#.

The respiratory rhythm center is responsible for controlling the breathing rate. It is located in the medulla oblongata, which is a part of the brainstem. The medulla oblongata plays a crucial role in regulating various involuntary functions of the body, including respiration. It receives sensory input from chemoreceptors and stretch receptors, and based on this information, it sends signals to the muscles involved in breathing, coordinating the inhalation and exhalation process. The medulla oblongata also receives input from the higher brain centers to adjust the breathing rate in response to different situations, such as exercise or stress.

Structures in programming cannot inherit other structures or classes, which makes statement i) true. However, a structure can implement one or more interfaces, making statement ii) false. Lastly, structure members cannot be specified as abstract, virtual, or protected, making statement iii) false.

The angle of elevation is the angle between the horizontal line and the line of sight from the observer to the top of the tower. In this case, the angle of elevation is 30° and the height of the tower is 100 m. To find the distance from point P to the foot of the tower, we can use the tangent function. The tangent of 30° is equal to the opposite side (height of the tower) divided by the adjacent side (distance from point P to the foot of the tower). Rearranging the equation, we can solve for the adjacent side, which gives us a distance of approximately 173 m. Therefore, the correct answer is 173 m.

In C#, variables are categorized into value types, reference types, and pointer types. Value types store the actual value of the variable, while reference types store a reference to the location of the value. Pointer types store the memory address of the variable. Therefore, the correct answer is i, ii, and iv only, as initial types are not a category of variables in C#.

Bauxite is an ore of aluminum. It is the main source of aluminum and is formed through the weathering and leaching of aluminum-rich rocks. Bauxite is primarily composed of aluminum hydroxide minerals, along with various impurities. The extraction of aluminum from bauxite involves a process called the Bayer process, where the ore is chemically treated to obtain pure aluminum oxide, which is then electrolyzed to produce aluminum metal. Aluminum is widely used in various industries due to its lightweight, corrosion resistance, and conductivity properties. Therefore, bauxite being an ore of aluminum is the correct answer.

The correct answer is "All i, ii, iii, iv". This is because all four options are listed as data types used in C#. The first option includes integral types, the second option includes floating point types, the third option includes boolean types, and the fourth option includes nullable types. Therefore, the correct answer is that all of these data types are used in C#.

Sodium chloride in the preparation of soap causes complete precipitation. This means that when sodium chloride is added to the soap mixture, it causes all the impurities and unwanted substances to form a solid precipitate, which can then be easily separated from the soap solution. This helps in purifying the soap and removing any impurities that may affect its quality or effectiveness.

The product of two numbers is 4107 and their highest common factor (H.F.) is 37. This means that both numbers are multiples of 37. To find the greater number, we need to divide 4107 by 37, which gives us 111. Therefore, the greater number is 111.

The given answer is correct because all three options i), ii), and iii) demonstrate valid methods to assign values to an array. In option i), an array of type double is declared and initialized with specific values. In option ii), an array of type int is declared and initialized with specific values using the new keyword. In option iii), an array of type int is declared and initialized with specific values without specifying the size of the array. Therefore, all three options are valid methods to assign values to an array.