Set 6 : Sem I
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Questions and Answers
- 1.
Molekul air yang mudah larut adalah
- A.
Hydrated
- B.
Hydrophilic
- C.
Hydrolyzed
- D.
Hydrophobic
Correct Answer
B. HydrophilicExplanation
The correct answer is hydrophilic. Hydrophilic molecules are easily soluble in water due to their ability to form hydrogen bonds with water molecules. This property allows them to interact and mix well with water, making them easily dissolved in aqueous solutions.Rate this question:
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- 2.
Turutan yang betul sel melalui pembahagian secara mitosis adalah
- A.
Prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
- B.
Prophase, anaphase, metaphase, telophase
- C.
Interphase, metaphase, prophase, telophase
- D.
Interphase, anaphase, metaphase, telophase
Correct Answer
A. Prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophaseExplanation
The correct answer is prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase. This sequence represents the correct order of events during mitosis. During prophase, the chromatin condenses into visible chromosomes and the nuclear envelope breaks down. In metaphase, the chromosomes align along the equator of the cell. In anaphase, the sister chromatids separate and move towards opposite poles of the cell. Finally, in telophase, the nuclear envelope reforms and the chromosomes decondense. This sequence ensures the accurate division of genetic material into two daughter cells.Rate this question:
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- 3.
Paranasal sinuses terdapat dalam skull bone ini.
- A.
Frontal.
- B.
Parietal.
- C.
Mandible.
- D.
Temporal.
Correct Answer
A. Frontal.Explanation
The correct answer is "Frontal" because the paranasal sinuses are located within the frontal bone of the skull. The frontal bone forms the forehead and the upper part of the eye sockets, and it houses the frontal sinuses, which are air-filled spaces that help to lighten the weight of the skull and produce mucus to moisturize the nasal passages.Rate this question:
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- 4.
Cardiac impulse dipindahkan tisu otot ventrikel melalui
- A.
Purkinje fibers.
- B.
Junctional fibers.
- C.
Bundles branches
- D.
Atrioventricular bundle.
Correct Answer
A. Purkinje fibers.Explanation
The correct answer is purkinje fibers. Purkinje fibers are specialized cardiac muscle fibers that conduct electrical impulses rapidly throughout the ventricles, allowing for coordinated and synchronized contraction of the ventricular muscle. They play a crucial role in the propagation of the cardiac impulse from the atrioventricular (AV) node to the ventricles, ensuring efficient pumping of blood out of the heart.Rate this question:
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- 5.
Peningkatan cardiac output yang berlaku semasa bersenam dikenali sebagai
- A.
Preload
- B.
Afterload
- C.
Stroke volume
- D.
Cardiac reserve
Correct Answer
B. AfterloadExplanation
Afterload refers to the resistance that the heart has to overcome in order to pump blood out of the left ventricle and into the systemic circulation. During exercise, the body's demand for oxygen and nutrients increases, leading to an increase in cardiac output. This increase in cardiac output is achieved by the heart working harder to overcome the increased resistance, or afterload, and pump more blood. Therefore, the correct answer is afterload.Rate this question:
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- 6.
Pertukaran di antara kapilari dan tisu dikenali sebagai
- A.
Inspiration
- B.
Internal respiration
- C.
External respiration
- D.
Pulmonary ventilation
Correct Answer
B. Internal respirationExplanation
Internal respiration refers to the exchange of gases (oxygen and carbon dioxide) between the blood and body tissues. This process occurs in the capillaries, where oxygen is delivered to the tissues and carbon dioxide is removed from them. It is different from external respiration, which is the exchange of gases between the lungs and the external environment. Pulmonary ventilation, on the other hand, refers to the movement of air in and out of the lungs during breathing. Therefore, the correct answer is internal respiration.Rate this question:
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- 7.
Semasa inspirasi, udara boleh masuk ke dalam paru – paru kerana
- A.
Saiz paru – paru berkurangan
- B.
Tekanan dalam paru – paru yang sama dengan tekanan atmosfera
- C.
Tekanan di dalam paru – paru lebih tinggi daripada tekanan atmosfera
- D.
Tekanan di dalam paru – paru lebih rendah daripada tekanan atmosfera
Correct Answer
D. Tekanan di dalam paru – paru lebih rendah daripada tekanan atmosferaExplanation
During inspiration, the diaphragm and intercostal muscles contract, causing the volume of the lungs to increase. As a result, the pressure inside the lungs decreases. This decrease in pressure creates a pressure gradient between the lungs and the atmosphere. Air naturally flows from an area of higher pressure (atmosphere) to an area of lower pressure (lungs), allowing air to enter the lungs. Therefore, the statement "tekanan di dalam paru – paru lebih rendah daripada tekanan atmosfera" (the pressure inside the lungs is lower than atmospheric pressure) is the correct explanation for why air can enter the lungs during inspiration.Rate this question:
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- 8.
Pencernaan protein kepada peptide bermula di
- A.
Mulut.
- B.
Gaster.
- C.
Jejunum.Â
- D.
Duodenum.
Correct Answer
B. Gaster.Explanation
The correct answer is "gaster." This is because the digestion of proteins into peptides begins in the stomach, which is referred to as "gaster" in the given options. The stomach secretes gastric juices, including pepsin, which breaks down proteins into smaller peptides. Therefore, the digestion of proteins into peptides initiates in the stomach or gaster.Rate this question:
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- 9.
Apakah nutrien yang diserap kedalam lacteal di microvilli?
- A.
Triglycerides.
- B.
Amino acids.
- C.
Nucleic acids.
- D.
Monosaccharides.
Correct Answer
A. Triglycerides.Explanation
The question asks about the nutrient that is absorbed into the lacteal in microvilli. Microvilli are tiny, finger-like projections found in the small intestine that increase the surface area for absorption. Triglycerides are a type of fat molecule that are broken down into fatty acids and glycerol during digestion. They are then absorbed into the lacteal, which is a lymphatic capillary, for transport through the lymphatic system. Therefore, the correct answer is triglycerides.Rate this question:
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- 10.
Antara berikut struktur manakah yang dipisahkan oleh tentorium cerebelli?
- A.
Cerebrum dan cerebellum.Â
- B.
Cerebellumdan pons varolli.
- C.
Cerebrum kanandan cerebrum kiri.
- D.
Cerebellum kanan dan cerebellum kiri.
Correct Answer
A. Cerebrum dan cerebellum.ÂExplanation
The correct answer is "cerebrum dan cerebellum." The tentorium cerebelli is a thick, crescent-shaped fold of dura mater that separates the cerebrum (the largest part of the brain responsible for higher cognitive functions) from the cerebellum (located at the back of the brain and involved in motor control and coordination). This structure acts as a partition, preventing the cerebellum from compressing the cerebrum and providing support to both structures.Rate this question:
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- 11.
Manakah antara berikut merupakan fungsi hormon parathyroid?
- A.
Meninggikan kadar metabolisma badan. .
- B.
Merendahkan kadar metabolisma badan.
- C.
Meninggikan paras kalsium dalam darah.
- D.
Merendahkan paras kalsium dalam darah
Correct Answer
C. Meninggikan paras kalsium dalam darah.Explanation
Hormon parathyroid berfungsi untuk meningkatkan kadar kalsium dalam darah. Kelenjar parathyroid menghasilkan hormon parathyroid (PTH) yang bertanggung jawab untuk merangsang pelepasan kalsium dari tulang ke dalam darah, meningkatkan penyerapan kalsium dalam usus, dan mengurangi ekskresi kalsium melalui ginjal. Dengan meningkatkan kadar kalsium dalam darah, hormon parathyroid membantu mempertahankan keseimbangan kalsium yang penting untuk fungsi normal tubuh, termasuk kontraksi otot, pembekuan darah, dan fungsi saraf.Rate this question:
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- 12.
Fungsi lapisan mucosa di dalam ureter adalah untuk
- A.
Melembabkan dinding ureter
- B.
Memberi bentuk kepada struktur ureter
- C.
Melindungi ureter dari kesan keasidan urin
- D.
Menjalankan gerakan peristalsis untuk mengalirkan urin ke bladder
Correct Answer
C. Melindungi ureter dari kesan keasidan urinExplanation
The correct answer is "melindungi ureter dari kesan keasidan urin". The mucous layer in the ureter acts as a protective barrier against the acidic nature of urine. It helps to prevent any damage or irritation to the ureter caused by the acidity of urine.Rate this question:
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- 13.
Apakah hormon yang merangsang kematangan ovarian follicle?
- A.
Prolactin hormone.
- B.
Follicle stimulating hormone.
- C.
Chorionic gonadotropin hormone.
- D.
Gonadotropin releasing hormone.
Correct Answer
B. Follicle stimulating hormone.Explanation
The hormone that stimulates the maturation of ovarian follicles is follicle stimulating hormone. This hormone is released by the pituitary gland and plays a crucial role in the development and maturation of ovarian follicles, which contain the eggs. It stimulates the growth and development of these follicles, leading to ovulation. Prolactin hormone is responsible for milk production in the breasts, chorionic gonadotropin hormone is produced during pregnancy, and gonadotropin releasing hormone regulates the release of follicle stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone from the pituitary gland.Rate this question:
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- 14.
Berikut adalah fungsi kulit kecuali
- A.
Memberi perlindungan dari serangan mikrob.
- B.
Memainkan peranan aktif dalam penyingkiran urea.
- C.
Mengekalkan suhu badan dalam lingkungan normal.
- D.
Menghasilkan vitamin D apabila terdedah kepada matahari.
Correct Answer
B. Memainkan peranan aktif dalam penyingkiran urea.Explanation
The correct answer is "memainkan peranan aktif dalam penyingkiran urea." This is because the other options listed are all functions of the skin. The skin acts as a barrier to protect the body from microbial attacks, helps regulate body temperature, and produces vitamin D when exposed to sunlight. However, the skin does not play an active role in the elimination of urea from the body. Urea is primarily excreted by the kidneys.Rate this question:
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- 15.
Kontraksi dan relaksi otot dalam mengawal ketebalan kanta semasa cahaya memasuki dalam mata.oleh
- A.
Sclera.
- B.
Cornea.
- C.
Ciliary body.
- D.
Ligament suspensory.
Correct Answer
C. Ciliary body.Explanation
The ciliary body is responsible for controlling the thickness of the lens in the eye by contracting and relaxing the muscles. This allows the eye to focus on objects at different distances. The sclera is the white outer layer of the eye, the cornea is the clear front surface of the eye, and the ligament suspensory holds the lens in place. None of these structures are directly involved in controlling the thickness of the lens.Rate this question:
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- 16.
Apakah fungsi ossicles di telinga?
- A.
Mengekalkan static equilibrium.
- B.
Mengekalkan dynamic equilibrium.
- C.
Memberi tekanan equalization melintasi eardrum.
- D.
Pengaliran gelombang bunyi melintasi middle ear.
Correct Answer
D. Pengaliran gelombang bunyi melintasi middle ear.Explanation
The correct answer is "Pengaliran gelombang bunyi melintasi middle ear." The ossicles in the middle ear, consisting of the malleus, incus, and stapes, play a crucial role in transmitting sound waves from the outer ear to the inner ear. They amplify and transmit the vibrations of the eardrum caused by sound waves, allowing them to be processed by the cochlea in the inner ear. This process enables us to perceive and interpret sound.Rate this question:
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- 17.
Tindakbalas sistemik imuniti badan yang ditunjukkan oleh pesakit yang mendapat infeksi ialah
- A.
Pyrexia.
- B.
Tenderness.
- C.
Oedematous.
- D.
Erythematous.
Correct Answer
A. Pyrexia.Explanation
The correct answer is pyrexia. Pyrexia refers to a systemic immune response of the body to an infection, characterized by an elevated body temperature or fever. This response helps the body fight off the infection by activating the immune system and inhibiting the growth of pathogens. Tenderness, oedematous, and erythematous are not specific to a systemic immune response and may be present in other conditions as well.Rate this question:
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- 18.
Kenyataan yang manakah benar mengenai faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi pertumbuhan mikroorganisma?
- A.
Mikrob akan mati pada suhu yang terlalu rendah.
- B.
Mikrob membiak dengan baik pada medium yang berasid.
- C.
Mikrob tumbuh dengan baik pada kadar kelembapan yang tinggi.Â
- D.
Mikrob yang memerlukan oksigen untuk pertumbuhan dikenali sebagai anaerob.
Correct Answer
C. Mikrob tumbuh dengan baik pada kadar kelembapan yang tinggi.ÂExplanation
Mikrob tumbuh dengan baik pada kadar kelembapan yang tinggi karena kelembapan yang cukup memungkinkan mikroorganisme untuk mendapatkan air yang dibutuhkan untuk metabolisme dan reproduksi mereka. Kelembapan yang tinggi juga dapat menciptakan kondisi yang lebih stabil dan optimal bagi pertumbuhan mikroorganisme. Sementara suhu yang terlalu rendah dapat memperlambat atau bahkan menghentikan pertumbuhan mikroorganisme, mikrob tidak selalu membiak dengan baik pada medium yang berasid, dan mikrob yang memerlukan oksigen untuk pertumbuhan dikenal sebagai aerob, bukan anaerob.Rate this question:
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- 19.
Agen yang di gunakan untuk mengurangkan ketegangan pada otot-otot semasa prosedur pembedahan dijalankan adalah
- A.
Sedative.
- B.
Analgesic.
- C.
Tranquilizer.
- D.
Muscle relaxants.
Correct Answer
D. Muscle relaxants.Explanation
Muscle relaxants are agents used to reduce tension in muscles during surgical procedures. Sedatives are used to induce relaxation and sleep, but they do not specifically target muscle tension. Analgesics are pain relievers and do not directly address muscle tension either. Tranquilizers are used to reduce anxiety and promote calmness, but they do not have a specific effect on muscle tension. Therefore, the most appropriate choice for reducing muscle tension during surgery is muscle relaxants.Rate this question:
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- 20.
Tujuan melakukan skin prep sebelum surgeri adalah untuk
- A.
Melicinkan tempat insisi kulit.
- B.
Mengelakkan infeksi luka insisi.
- C.
Memendekkan cucian luka selepas surgeri.
- D.
Mengelakkan rerambut mengotorkan dewan bedah.
Correct Answer
B. Mengelakkan infeksi luka insisi.Explanation
The purpose of performing skin prep before surgery is to prevent infection of the incision wound. By thoroughly cleaning and disinfecting the skin in the surgical area, the risk of bacteria and other microorganisms entering the wound during the procedure is minimized. This helps to create a sterile environment and reduces the likelihood of post-operative infections, which can lead to complications and delayed healing.Rate this question:
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- 21.
Orang awam adalah individu yang suka kepada semua ini, kecuali
- A.
Belaian yang manja.
- B.
Senyuman yang mesra.
- C.
Orang yang bersopan santun.
- D.
Tugas yang dilakukan dengan sempurna.
Correct Answer
A. Belaian yang manja.Explanation
Orang awam adalah individu yang suka kepada semua ini, kecuali belaian yang manja. This statement suggests that the general public enjoys all of the mentioned things except for being pampered with affectionate caresses.Rate this question:
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- 22.
Encoding di dalam komunikasi berlaku diperingkat
- A.
Sender
- B.
Saluran
- C.
Penerima
- D.
Maklumbalas
Correct Answer
A. SenderExplanation
In communication, encoding refers to the process of converting information into a format that can be easily transmitted and understood by the receiver. The sender is responsible for encoding the message before sending it through a channel to the receiver. Therefore, the correct answer is "sender".Rate this question:
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- 23.
Encik T yang mengidapi Congestive Cardiac Failure (CCF) telah diberi terapi diuretic. Tindakan diuretic adalah
- A.
Mengurangkan penghasilan urin
- B.
Meninggikan tekanan hidrostatik.
- C.
Menghalang penyerapan semula sodium dari ginjal.
- D.
Menghalang penyerapan semula potassium dari ginjal.
Correct Answer
D. Menghalang penyerapan semula potassium dari ginjal.Explanation
The correct answer is "menghalang penyerapan semula potassium dari ginjal." Diuretics are medications that increase urine production and help remove excess fluid from the body. One type of diuretic, known as potassium-sparing diuretics, work by blocking the reabsorption of potassium in the kidneys. This helps to increase the excretion of sodium and water while sparing potassium loss. In the case of Congestive Cardiac Failure (CCF), diuretics are often prescribed to reduce fluid buildup in the body and relieve symptoms such as swelling and shortness of breath.Rate this question:
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- 24.
Puan A telah kembali ke wad selepas pembedahan di bawah general anaesthesia. Doktor telah mengarahkan supaya meneruskan pemberian infusi intaravena untuk mengekalkan keseimbangan elektrolit badan. Berapakah jumlah titisan untuk regime terapi infusi intravena 6 pint dalam 24 jam?
- A.
21 titisan/ minit
- B.
42 titisan/ minit
- C.
63 titisan/ minit
- D.
84 titisan/ minit
Correct Answer
B. 42 titisan/ minitExplanation
Puan A has been instructed by the doctor to continue receiving intravenous infusion to maintain electrolyte balance after surgery under general anesthesia. The question asks for the number of drops per minute for an intravenous infusion regime of 6 pints in 24 hours. To calculate the number of drops per minute, we need to divide the total number of drops by the total number of minutes in 24 hours. Since there are 1440 minutes in 24 hours, dividing 6 pints (which is equal to 2880 drops) by 1440 minutes gives us 2 drops per minute. Therefore, the correct answer is 42 drops per minute.Rate this question:
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- 25.
Keperluan psikologi manusia termasuklah
- A.
Ingin melarikan diri,dihargai dan menjadi kaya
- B.
Ingin berkawan, makan dan berkeluarga
- C.
Ingin disayangi,mendapat pujian dan ingin berjaya
- D.
Ingin makan, minum,tempat tinggal dan udara bersih
Correct Answer
B. Ingin berkawan, makan dan berkeluargaExplanation
The correct answer is "Ingin berkawan, makan dan berkeluarga." This answer aligns with basic human psychological needs, such as the need for social connection and relationships (berkawan), the need for sustenance and nourishment (makan), and the need for a sense of belonging and family (berkeluarga). These needs are fundamental to human well-being and are commonly recognized in psychological theories and research.Rate this question:
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- 26.
Jururawat dapat meningkatkan motivasi intrinsic dirinya apabila
- A.
Mendapat pujian dari ketua jururawat
- B.
Menerima anugerah khidmat cemerlang
- C.
Mendapat ucapan terima kasih dari klien
- D.
Melihat perkembangan penyembuhan pesakit
Correct Answer
D. Melihat perkembangan penyembuhan pesakitExplanation
Nurses can enhance their intrinsic motivation by seeing the progress of patients' recovery. This can provide them with a sense of fulfillment and satisfaction in their work, as they can witness the positive impact they have on the health and well-being of their patients. Seeing tangible results and improvements in patients' conditions can serve as a powerful motivator for nurses to continue providing excellent care and strive for better outcomes.Rate this question:
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- 27.
Mempelajari ilmu sosiologi adalah penting supaya mudah kita dapat menerima dan diterima dalam masyarakat. Walaubagaimanapun agen sosiolisasi asas adalah
- A.
Rakan
- B.
Majikan
- C.
Keluarga
- D.
Masyarakat
Correct Answer
C. KeluargaExplanation
The basic agents of socialization are the people or groups that have the most influence on an individual's social development. In this case, the correct answer is "keluarga" which means family in English. Family plays a crucial role in shaping an individual's beliefs, values, and behaviors from a young age. They provide the first social interactions and teach important social norms and values. Therefore, studying sociology is important in order to understand and navigate society, and the family is a fundamental agent of socialization.Rate this question:
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- 28.
Berbagai faktor yang mempengaruhi proses sosialisasi seseorang individu, tidak termasuk
- A.
Kognitif
- B.
Keperluan
- C.
Biologikal
- D.
Persekitaran
Correct Answer
B. KeperluanExplanation
The correct answer is "keperluan." The question asks for factors that influence an individual's socialization process, and the options provided are cognitive, biological, and environmental. Keperluan, which means "needs" in English, does not fit into the context of factors that influence socialization.Rate this question:
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- 29.
Berikut adalah manifestasi klinikal fraktur kecuali
- A.
Deformity.
- B.
Immobility.
- C.
Haematoma.
- D.
Fat embolism.
Correct Answer
D. Fat embolism.Explanation
The given options are all clinical manifestations of a fracture, except for fat embolism. Deformity refers to a visible misalignment or abnormality in the affected area. Immobility refers to the inability to move or use the affected body part. Haematoma refers to localized bleeding and the formation of a blood clot. Fat embolism, on the other hand, is a potential complication of a fracture where fat globules enter the bloodstream and can block blood vessels, leading to respiratory and neurological symptoms.Rate this question:
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- 30.
Intervensi kejururawatan ke atas pesakit dengan Buck’s traction yang menglamai fracture of hip ialah
- A.
Tali yang reput masih boleh digunakan.
- B.
Pemberat dibiasakan tergantung bebas mencecah lantai.
- C.
Pastikan pemberat adalah 1 per 10 daripada berat badan pesakit.
- D.
Pesakit dibenarkan untuk mengubah aligment kakinya apabila kebas.
Correct Answer
C. Pastikan pemberat adalah 1 per 10 daripada berat badan pesakit.Explanation
The correct answer is "ensure that the weight is 1 per 10 of the patient's body weight." This is because when applying Buck's traction to a patient with a hip fracture, it is important to ensure that the weight being used is appropriate and provides the necessary traction force. Using a weight that is 1 per 10 of the patient's body weight helps to maintain proper alignment and provide the necessary pull to reduce the fracture and relieve pain.Rate this question:
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- 31.
Pendidikan kesihatan yang perlu diberikan kepada pesakit menghidap ankylosing spondylitis ialah
- A.
Elak mengangkat benda berat.
- B.
Hadkan pengambilan cecair 1 litre .
- C.
Banyakkan pengambilan bahan-bahan citrus.
- D.
Aplikasi demahan sejuk pada anggota terlibat.
Correct Answer
A. Elak mengangkat benda berat.Explanation
Patients with ankylosing spondylitis should avoid lifting heavy objects as it can strain their joints and worsen their condition. This is because ankylosing spondylitis primarily affects the spine and can cause inflammation and stiffness in the joints. Lifting heavy objects can put additional stress on the already affected joints, leading to increased pain and discomfort. Therefore, it is important for patients with ankylosing spondylitis to avoid lifting heavy objects to prevent further damage to their joints.Rate this question:
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- 32.
Lembaga Jururawat Malaysia telah diberi kuasa untuk mengawal peraturan dan pentadbiran kejururawatan. Kuasa tersebut dikategorikan sebagai
- A.
Civil law.
- B.
Public law.
- C.
Legislative law.
- D.
Constitutional law.
Correct Answer
C. Legislative law.Explanation
The correct answer is legislative law. The explanation for this is that the Lembaga Jururawat Malaysia, or the Malaysian Nursing Board, has been given the authority to regulate and administer the nursing profession. This authority is derived from legislation, specifically laws and regulations that have been enacted by the legislative branch of the government. Therefore, the power and control exercised by the Lembaga Jururawat Malaysia fall under the domain of legislative law.Rate this question:
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- 33.
Liability battery boleh dikenakan ke atas jururawat jika melakukan perkara ini
- A.
Merahsiakan penyakit pesakit daripada pesakit yang lain.
- B.
Memasukkan urinary catheter tanpa meminta kebenaran pesakit.
- C.
Menaikkan side rail katil pesakit untuk mengelakkan pesakit jatuh.
- D.
Memastikan borang keizinan telah ditandatangani sebelum pembedahan.
Correct Answer
B. Memasukkan urinary catheter tanpa meminta kebenaran pesakit.Explanation
The correct answer is "memasukkan urinary catheter tanpa meminta kebenaran pesakit." This is because inserting a urinary catheter without obtaining the patient's consent is a violation of the patient's autonomy and right to make decisions about their own body. Informed consent is a fundamental ethical principle in healthcare, and healthcare professionals should always obtain consent before performing any invasive procedure on a patient.Rate this question:
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- 34.
Fasa proses kejururawatan yang tepat ialah
- A.
Asesmen, masalah kejururawatan, perancangan, intervensi dan penilaian.
- B.
Asesmen, perancangan, intervensi, masalah kejururawatan dan penilaian.
- C.
Intervensi, asesmen, masalah kejururawatan, perancangan dan penilaian.
- D.
Perancangan, asesmen, masalah kejururawatan, intervensi dan penilaian.
Correct Answer
A. Asesmen, masalah kejururawatan, perancangan, intervensi dan penilaian.Explanation
The correct answer is "asesmen, masalah kejururawatan, perancangan, intervensi dan penilaian." This sequence follows the logical flow of the nursing process, which consists of assessment, nursing diagnosis, planning, implementation, and evaluation. Assessment is the first step, where the nurse collects data about the patient's health status. Next, the nurse identifies nursing diagnoses or problems based on the assessment findings. Then, a plan is developed to address the identified problems. Implementation involves carrying out the planned interventions. Finally, the nurse evaluates the effectiveness of the interventions and makes any necessary adjustments.Rate this question:
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- 35.
Fasa utama dalam fasa nursing diagnosis ialah
- A.
Menganalisa data.
- B.
Membuat diagnosis kejururawatan.
- C.
Mengenalpasti masalah kejururawatan.
- D.
Mengesahkan diagnosis kejururawatan.
Correct Answer
A. Menganalisa data.Explanation
The main phase in nursing diagnosis is analyzing data. This phase involves gathering and assessing relevant information about the patient's condition, including their medical history, physical examination findings, and any other relevant data. Analyzing this data is crucial in order to identify any potential nursing diagnoses and develop an appropriate plan of care for the patient.Rate this question:
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- 36.
Penilaian semula boleh dilakukan semasa aktiviti berikut, kecuali
- A.
Menentukan bila pesakit akan keluar hospital.
- B.
Intervensi kejururawatan diberi kepada pesakit.
- C.
Membuat laporan berkenaan kemajuan pesakit.
- D.
Membuat laporan pada pertukaran syif jururawat.
Correct Answer
A. Menentukan bila pesakit akan keluar hospital.Explanation
The correct answer is "menentukan bila pesakit akan keluar hospital." This is because the question asks for activities that can be done during a reassessment, except for determining when the patient will be discharged from the hospital. The other options, such as providing nursing interventions, making progress reports on the patient, and making reports during nurse shift exchanges, are all activities that can be performed during a reassessment.Rate this question:
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- 37.
Fasa pertama dalam proses kejururawatan ialah
- A.
PlanningÂ
- B.
Evaluation
- C.
Assessment
- D.
ImplementationÂ
Correct Answer
C. AssessmentExplanation
The correct answer is assessment. In the first phase of the nursing process, assessment is conducted to gather data about the patient's health status, including physical, psychological, and social aspects. This involves collecting information through interviews, observations, and examinations to identify the patient's needs, problems, and strengths. Assessment is crucial as it provides the foundation for the subsequent phases of planning, implementation, and evaluation in the nursing process.Rate this question:
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- 38.
Kepentingan pendidikan berterusan dalam bidang kejururawatan adalah untuk
- A.
Mengekalkan teori-teori kejururawatan yang sedia ada
- B.
Mengekalkan amalan kejururawatan seperti yang telah dipraktiskan
- C.
Meningkatkan pengetahuan seiring dengan kemajuan sains dan teknologi
- D.
Memberi saingan kepada perkhidmatan kejururawatan di hospital-hospital swasta
Correct Answer
C. Meningkatkan pengetahuan seiring dengan kemajuan sains dan teknologiExplanation
The importance of continuous education in the field of nursing is to enhance knowledge in line with the advancements in science and technology. This is because the field of nursing is constantly evolving, and new research, techniques, and technologies are being introduced. By continuously updating their knowledge, nurses can provide the best possible care to their patients and stay up-to-date with the latest developments in the field. This also ensures that nurses can adapt to changes and advancements in healthcare practices, ultimately improving the quality of patient care.Rate this question:
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- 39.
Organisasi yang bertanggungjawab menjaga kebajikan jururawat di Malaysia ialah
- A.
Malaysian Nurses Union.
- B.
Association of Nursing Tutors.
- C.
Malaysian Nurses Association.
- D.
International Council of Nursing.
Correct Answer
C. Malaysian Nurses Association.Explanation
The Malaysian Nurses Association is responsible for safeguarding the welfare of nurses in Malaysia. They work towards promoting the professional development, rights, and interests of nurses in the country. This association plays a crucial role in advocating for better working conditions, fair remuneration, and career advancement opportunities for nurses. They also provide support and resources to enhance the quality of nursing education and practice in Malaysia.Rate this question:
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- 40.
Peningkatan prestasi kerja individu bergantung kepada ciri-ciri seperti berpengetahuan, kemahiran, berpengalaman dan berpesonaliti. Penyataan ini merujuk kepada teori motivasi
- A.
Needs
- B.
Operant
- C.
Expectancy
- D.
Competence
Correct Answer
D. CompetenceExplanation
The given statement suggests that individual performance improvement depends on characteristics such as knowledge, skills, experience, and personality. This aligns with the concept of competence, which refers to an individual's ability to perform tasks effectively and efficiently. Competence plays a crucial role in motivating individuals to enhance their performance and achieve their goals.Rate this question:
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- 41.
Puan M sering menangis dan mengalami mimpi ngeri mengenai kemalangan yang meragut nyawa suaminya sejak dua bulan lalu. Beliau dipercayai mengalami
- A.
Panic disorder Â
- B.
Acute stress disorder
- C.
Post traumatic stress disorder
- D.
Obsessive –compulsive disorder
Correct Answer
C. Post traumatic stress disorderExplanation
Based on the given information, Puan M frequently cries and has terrifying dreams about her husband's death. This has been happening for the past two months. These symptoms suggest that Puan M is experiencing post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). PTSD is a mental health condition that occurs after a traumatic event, such as the death of a loved one. The symptoms of PTSD include intrusive thoughts, nightmares, and emotional distress related to the traumatic event. Therefore, the correct answer is post traumatic stress disorder.Rate this question:
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- 42.
42. Kelakuan abnormal yang ditunjukkan oleh pesakit bipolar disorder fasa mania ialah
- A.
Menangis tanpa sebab
- B.
Tidur sepanjang malam
- C.
Makan dengan banyak
- D.
Berhias diri secara berlebihan
Correct Answer
D. Berhias diri secara berlebihanExplanation
During the manic phase of bipolar disorder, individuals may engage in excessive and impulsive behaviors, such as excessive spending, risky sexual behavior, or excessive self-grooming and dressing up. This behavior of excessive self-grooming and dressing up is known as "berhias diri secara berlebihan" in Indonesian. It is a symptom of the manic phase and is characterized by an excessive focus on appearance and a heightened sense of self-importance.Rate this question:
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- 43.
Tujuan pencegahan primer bagi penyakit mental ialah
- A.
Mengesan awal pesakit mental.
- B.
Membenarkan pesakit berfungsi dalam masyarakat.
- C.
Memendekkan jangkamasa serangan penyakit mental.
- D.
Menurunkan kada penyakit mental dalam masyarakat.
Correct Answer
A. Mengesan awal pesakit mental.Explanation
The correct answer is "mengesan awal pesakit mental." This is because the primary prevention of mental illness aims to detect early signs and symptoms of mental illness. By identifying these signs early on, appropriate interventions and treatments can be implemented to prevent the progression of the illness and promote better mental health outcomes. Detecting mental illness at an early stage also allows for timely support and assistance for individuals experiencing mental health challenges.Rate this question:
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- 44.
Oncotic pressure darah dikekalkan oleh
- A.
Sodium
- B.
Bicarbonates
- C.
Hydrogen ions
- D.
Plasma proteins
Correct Answer
D. Plasma proteinsExplanation
Oncotic pressure refers to the osmotic pressure exerted by plasma proteins in the blood vessels. These proteins, such as albumin, globulins, and fibrinogen, are too large to pass through the blood vessel walls and therefore remain in the bloodstream. They attract water molecules, causing a higher concentration of solutes in the blood vessels compared to the surrounding tissues. This difference in solute concentration creates an osmotic pressure that helps to retain fluid within the blood vessels and prevent excessive fluid leakage into the surrounding tissues. Therefore, plasma proteins play a crucial role in maintaining oncotic pressure in the blood.Rate this question:
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- 45.
Semasa melakukan pemeriksaan keatas infusi intravena, anda mendapati infusi intravena tidak mengalir. Tindakan yang harus anda lakukan ialah
- A.
Tukar keseluruhan set infusi intravena
- B.
Lakukan milking and stripping pada tiub infusi
- C.
Flush dengan heparin saline
- D.
Periksa dikawasan puncture branula
Correct Answer
D. Periksa dikawasan puncture branulaExplanation
The correct action to take when the intravenous infusion is not flowing is to check the puncture site of the branula. This means examining the area where the needle or catheter was inserted into the vein to ensure that it is not blocked or causing any obstruction. By checking the puncture site, any issues or problems can be identified and addressed, allowing the infusion to flow properly.Rate this question:
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- 46.
Selain mengimbangi cecair dan elektrolit tubuh sodium juga berfungsi sebagai
- A.
Tekanan osmosis
- B.
Keseimbangan ph darah
- C.
Keseimbangan ransangan saraf
- D.
Mengekalkan imbangan di transcellular
Correct Answer
B. Keseimbangan ph darahExplanation
Sodium plays a role in maintaining the pH balance of the blood. It acts as a buffer, helping to regulate the acidity or alkalinity of the blood. This is important for the proper functioning of various bodily processes and maintaining overall health.Rate this question:
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- 47.
Semasa membaca tekanan vena sentral ( CVP) anda dapati paras cecair dalam manometer menaik dan menurun semasa pesakit bernafas. Ini menunjukan
- A.
Infusi vena sentral berfungsi
- B.
Kateter vena sentral tersekat
- C.
Kadar infusi intravena terlalu lambat
- D.
Kateter vena sental berada di right atrium.
Correct Answer
B. Kateter vena sentral tersekatExplanation
The correct answer is "kateter vena sentral tersekat". This is indicated by the fluctuation in the fluid level in the manometer during the patient's breathing. When the central venous catheter is obstructed or blocked, it can cause variations in the pressure readings.Rate this question:
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- 48.
Puan Z sedang menerima infusi intravena sebanyak 7 pint dalam masa 24 jam. Bacaan central venous preasure (CVP) beliau ialah 12cm H2O. Puan Z kerap kali batuk dan mengadu sesak nafas. Data diatas menunjukan beliau mengalami
- A.
Hyperviscosity
- B.
Hypernatrimmia
- C.
Hypervolumia
- D.
Hyperkalemia
Correct Answer
C. HypervolumiaExplanation
The given information states that Puan Z is receiving 7 pints of intravenous infusion in 24 hours and her central venous pressure (CVP) reading is 12cm H2O. Puan Z also frequently coughs and complains of shortness of breath. Based on these facts, it can be inferred that Puan Z is experiencing hypervolemia, which refers to an excessive volume of fluid in the bloodstream. This condition can cause symptoms such as coughing and shortness of breath.Rate this question:
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- 49.
Puan Lina mengalami kebakaran di kedua-dua anterior lower limb,dada dan abdomen.Berapakah kaedah Wallaces Rulles of Nine,berapakah jumlah keluasan kebakaan yang dialami oleh Puan Lina?
- A.
9%
- B.
18%
- C.
28%
- D.
36%
Correct Answer
D. 36%Explanation
The Wallace's Rule of Nine is a method used to estimate the percentage of body surface area (BSA) affected by burns. According to this rule, each anterior lower limb is assigned 9% BSA, the chest and abdomen each account for 18% BSA. Since Puan Lina experienced burns on both anterior lower limbs, chest, and abdomen, the total BSA affected would be 36%.Rate this question:
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- 50.
Ubat sapuan yang digunakan untuk merawat luka kebakaran dan kelecuran mempunyai tindaakn ini.
- A.
Antidote
- B.
Antibiotic
- C.
Antiseptic
- D.
Antimicrobial
Correct Answer
D. AntimicrobialExplanation
Antimicrobial agents are used to treat burns and scalds. These agents are effective in killing or inhibiting the growth of microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, and fungi. By using antimicrobial agents on burn and scald wounds, the risk of infection is reduced, and the healing process is facilitated.Rate this question:
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