Sem 1 : Set 9

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| By Naa Ali
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  • 1/75 Soalan

    Kaedah pemberian anaesthesia ini menyebabkan pesakit  hilang sensori dari bahagian punggung ke aggota bawah.

    • Local
    • Spinal
    • Topical
    • General 
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Sem 1 : Set 9 - Quiz

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  • 2. 

    Edema pada stump biasa berlaku dalam masa 24 jam selepas amputation dilakukan. Intervensi kejururawatan bagi mengelakkan berlakunya edema pada stump adalah dengan 

    • Mengaplikasi demahan sejuk

    • Melakukan pembalutan dengan ketat

    • Memberi ubat antibiotic mengikut preskripsi

    • Meninggikan dengan meletakkannya diatas bantal

    Correct Answer
    A. Meninggikan dengan meletakkannya diatas bantal
    Explanation
    Meninggikan dengan meletakkannya di atas bantal (elevating with placing it on a pillow) is the correct answer. Elevating the stump helps to reduce swelling by promoting venous return and reducing fluid accumulation. This intervention is commonly used to prevent edema after amputation. Applying cold compression, tight bandaging, and administering antibiotics are not specifically effective in preventing edema in the stump.

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  • 3. 

    Masalah kontemporari di kalangan wanita Malaysia ialah penyakit breast cancer. Faktor mempradispos kepada keadaan ini ialah   

    • Mengandung multipara. 

    • Mengandung  diawal usia.

    • Mengambil protein yang berlebihan. 

    • Mengambil hormone estrogen berpanjangan.

    Correct Answer
    A. Mengambil hormone estrogen berpanjangan.
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "mengambil hormone estrogen berpanjangan." This is because prolonged exposure to estrogen hormone can increase the risk of breast cancer in women. Estrogen is a hormone that is naturally produced in the body and plays a role in the development of female sexual characteristics. However, taking hormone replacement therapy or certain medications that contain estrogen for a long period of time can disrupt the balance of hormones in the body and potentially increase the risk of breast cancer.

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  • 4. 

    Prinsip yang perlu dipatuhi semasa melakukan dressing adalah

    • Cuci luka dari dalam ke luar

    • Guna satu swab untuk satu sapuan

    • Guna spirit 70% untuk mencuci luka

    • Pegang forceps dengan hujungnya menghala ke atas

    Correct Answer
    A. Guna satu swab untuk satu sapuan
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "guna satu swab untuk satu sapuan" which means "use one swab for one swipe". This principle is important to prevent cross-contamination and maintain cleanliness while dressing a wound. Using a new swab for each swipe ensures that any bacteria or debris from the previous swipe does not get transferred back onto the wound, reducing the risk of infection.

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  • 5. 

    Pengumpulan maklumat secara subjektif boleh dilakukan melalui cara

    • Temubual.

    • Pemerhatian.

    • Pemeriksaan fizikal.

    • Penyelidikan makmal.

    Correct Answer
    A. Temubual.
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "temubual" because it refers to the method of gathering information subjectively by conducting interviews or conversations with individuals. This method allows researchers to obtain firsthand accounts and opinions from people, providing valuable insights and perspectives on a particular topic. Other options such as observation, physical examination, and laboratory research involve objective data collection methods rather than subjective information gathering.

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  • 6. 

    Keluarga Puan A tidak mempercayai rawatan moden. Beliau dibawa berjumpa dengan bomoh. Sikap ini dipengaruhi oleh faktor

    • Agama. 

    • Ekonomi.

    • Kebudayaan.

    • Pengetahuan.

    Correct Answer
    A. Kebudayaan.
    Explanation
    The correct answer is kebudayaan. The family's belief in traditional medicine and consulting a bomoh is influenced by their cultural beliefs and practices. In some cultures, traditional healing methods are highly valued and trusted, leading individuals to seek alternative treatments rather than relying on modern medicine.

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  • 7. 

    Ketua Penyelia Jururawat A sedang memberi laporan bulanan kepada Pengarah Hospital. Keadaan ini merujuk kepada aliran komunikasi

    • Sesama orang atasan.

    • Sesama orang bawahan.

    • Orang atasan kepada orang bawahan.

    • Orang bawahan kepada orang atasan.

    Correct Answer
    A. Orang bawahan kepada orang atasan.
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "orang bawahan kepada orang atasan." This is because the scenario described in the question is the head nurse giving a monthly report to the hospital director. In this situation, the flow of communication is from the subordinate (head nurse) to the superior (hospital director).

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  • 8. 

    Tanggungjawab jururawat bagi mengelakkan ubat merebak ke tisu subcutenous semasa pemberiaan suntikan I/M iron-dexran ialah  

    • Melakukan demahan panas

    • Memberi suntikan sekali sehari

    • Tidak mengosok pada tempat suntikan

    • Mengunakan jarum suntikan yang bersaiz kecil

    Correct Answer
    A. Tidak mengosok pada tempat suntikan
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "Tidak mengosok pada tempat suntikan" which means "Not rubbing the injection site". Rubbing the injection site can cause the medication to spread to the subcutaneous tissue, leading to potential complications. Therefore, it is important for nurses to avoid rubbing the injection site to prevent the medication from spreading to the subcutaneous tissue during the administration of an I/M iron-dexran injection.

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  • 9. 

    Di antara intervensi berikut yang manakah perlu diberi keutamaan ketika merawat klien mengalami chest pain semasa berjalan?

    • Bantu klien balik ke katil.

    • Lakukan elektrokardiogram segera.

    • Berikan sublingual nitroglycerin.

    • Bantu klien duduk dengan serta-merta.

    Correct Answer
    A. Bantu klien duduk dengan serta-merta.
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "Bantu klien duduk dengan serta-merta." When a client experiences chest pain while walking, it is important to prioritize assisting the client to sit down immediately. This is because sitting down can help relieve the strain on the heart and reduce the workload. It also allows the client to rest and reduces the risk of falls or further injury. While an electrocardiogram and sublingual nitroglycerin may be necessary interventions, helping the client sit down should be the first priority in this situation.

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  • 10. 

    Sel epitelium yang menghasilkan melanin untuk menyerap radiasi ultraviolet ialah

    • Merkel cell.

    • Melanocyte.

    • Keratinocyte.

    • Langerhans cell.

    Correct Answer
    A. Melanocyte.
    Explanation
    Melanocytes are the cells responsible for producing melanin, the pigment that gives color to the skin, hair, and eyes. Melanin helps protect the skin from the harmful effects of ultraviolet (UV) radiation by absorbing and dispersing it. Merkel cells are involved in the sense of touch, keratinocytes are the most common type of skin cells and provide a protective barrier, and Langerhans cells are involved in the immune response. Therefore, the correct answer is melanocyte, as they specifically produce melanin for UV radiation absorption.

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  • 11. 

    Encik Y berumur 60 tahun mengalami diarrhea yang teruk.  Keputusan ABG beliau menunjukkan bacaan pH 7.25, HCO3 18mEq/L, Paco2 32mmHg, Pao2 90mmHg dan BE – 3.  Keputusan ini menunjukkan keadaan

    • Metabolic alkalosis

    • Respiratori alkalosis

    • Metabolic asidosis

    • Respiratori alkolosis

    Correct Answer
    A. Metabolic asidosis
    Explanation
    The given ABG results indicate metabolic acidosis. The pH value of 7.25 is lower than the normal range, indicating acidosis. The HCO3 level of 18mEq/L is also lower than the normal range, further supporting the diagnosis of metabolic acidosis. The Paco2 level of 32mmHg is within the normal range, ruling out respiratory alkalosis. The Pao2 level of 90mmHg is also within the normal range, ruling out respiratory acidosis. The BE value of -3 indicates a negative base excess, which is consistent with metabolic acidosis. Therefore, the correct answer is metabolic acidosis.

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  • 12. 

    Kesakitan yang dialami oleh pesakit carbuncle adalah disebabkan oleh

    • Peningkatan ketelapan kapilari

    • Tisu subcutaneous menjadi keras

    • Tindak balas mikroorganisma ke atas tubuh

    • Bengkak yang menekan ke atas hujung saraf

    Correct Answer
    A. Bengkak yang menekan ke atas hujung saraf
    Explanation
    The pain experienced by patients with carbuncles is caused by swelling that puts pressure on nerve endings.

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  • 13. 

    Penyiasatan untuk mendiagnos jangkitan pada injap jantung ialah  

    • Ultrasound.

    • Chest x-ray.

    • Echocardiogram.

    • Cardiac enzymes.

    Correct Answer
    A. Echocardiogram.
    Explanation
    An echocardiogram is a diagnostic test that uses ultrasound waves to create images of the heart. It is commonly used to investigate and diagnose various heart conditions, including infections affecting the heart valves (injap jantung). This test allows healthcare professionals to visualize the structure and function of the heart, including the valves, chambers, and blood flow. By examining the images produced by an echocardiogram, doctors can identify any abnormalities or infections present in the heart valves, making it the most appropriate investigation for diagnosing heart valve infections.

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  • 14. 

    Puan E dimasukkan ke wad kerana disahkan menghidapi kanser endometrium Manifestasi klinikal yang dialami ialah   

    • Dysuria.

    • Mass di vagina. 

    • Sakit di bahagian iliac fossa.

    • Pendarahan vagina yang luar biasa

    Correct Answer
    A. Pendarahan vagina yang luar biasa
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "pendarahan vagina yang luar biasa" because it is a clinical manifestation commonly associated with endometrial cancer. Endometrial cancer is characterized by abnormal vaginal bleeding, which can include heavy or prolonged bleeding. This symptom is often one of the first signs of endometrial cancer and should be evaluated by a healthcare professional. The other options listed, such as dysuria, vaginal mass, and pain in the iliac fossa, are not typically associated with endometrial cancer.

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  • 15. 

    Topical agents yang digunakan untuk merawat luka kebakaran dan kelecuran bertindak sebagai

    • Antidote.

    • Antibiotic.

    • Antiseptic.

    • Antimicrobial.

    Correct Answer
    A. Antimicrobial.
    Explanation
    Topical agents used to treat burns and scalds act as antimicrobials. This means that they are effective in killing or inhibiting the growth of microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi, and viruses on the affected area. By preventing the growth of these microorganisms, antimicrobial agents help to prevent infections and promote healing of the burn or scald. Antidotes are substances used to counteract the effects of toxins or poisons, antibiotics are used to treat bacterial infections, and antiseptics are used to kill or inhibit the growth of microorganisms on living tissues.

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  • 16. 

    Keadaan di mana terdapat rembesan endotoksin di dalam salur darah dikenali sebagai

    • Toxaemia 

    • Bacteremia 

    • Leukopenia 

    • Septicaemia 

    Correct Answer
    A. Toxaemia 
    Explanation
    Toxaemia is the correct answer because it refers to the condition where endotoxins are leaking into the bloodstream. Bacteremia refers to the presence of bacteria in the blood, leukopenia refers to a decrease in white blood cells, and septicaemia refers to a severe infection in the blood. However, none of these options specifically address the presence of endotoxins in the bloodstream.

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  • 17. 

    Manifestasi klinikal yagn ditunjukkan oleh pesakit yang mengalami aplastik anemia adalah  

    • Cergas 

    • Kesakitan 

    • Bradikardia

    • Exertional dyspnea

    Correct Answer
    A. Exertional dyspnea
    Explanation
    Exertional dyspnea is a clinical manifestation commonly observed in patients with aplastic anemia. This symptom refers to difficulty in breathing or shortness of breath during physical exertion or exercise. Aplastic anemia is a condition characterized by a decrease in the production of red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets in the bone marrow. This leads to a reduced oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood, causing the individual to experience breathlessness during activities that require increased oxygen demand, such as exercise.

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  • 18. 

    Rawatan yang paling berkesan untuk ventricullar fibrillation adalah

    • Defibrillation.

    • Terapi oksigen.

    • Terapi digoxin.

    • IV thrombolytic.

    Correct Answer
    A. Defibrillation.
    Explanation
    Defibrillation is the most effective treatment for ventricular fibrillation. Ventricular fibrillation is a life-threatening condition characterized by chaotic and uncoordinated contractions of the heart muscles. Defibrillation involves delivering an electrical shock to the heart to restore its normal rhythm. This procedure helps to reset the electrical activity of the heart and allows it to resume pumping blood effectively. In contrast, therapies such as oxygen therapy, digoxin, and IV thrombolytic are not specifically indicated for ventricular fibrillation and may not be as effective in treating this condition.

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  • 19. 

    Tujuan melakukan stress test ke atas pesakit yang menghidapi unstable angina adalah untuk menilai

    • Patensi arteri koronari.

    • Keupayaan miokardium untuk kontrak.

    • Keberkesanan fungsi injap-injap jantung.

    • Status kardiovaskular terhadap aktiviti fizikal.

    Correct Answer
    A. Status kardiovaskular terhadap aktiviti fizikal.
    Explanation
    A stress test is performed on patients with unstable angina to assess their cardiovascular status in response to physical activity. This test helps to determine how well the heart and blood vessels are functioning during exercise and can help identify any abnormalities or limitations in the cardiovascular system. By evaluating the cardiovascular status, healthcare professionals can better understand the patient's overall heart health and make appropriate treatment decisions.

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  • 20. 

    Manifestasi klinikal bagi pesakit yang mengalami systemic infection adalah

    • Bradycardia 

    • Tachypnoea 

    • Numbness 

    • Febrile

    Correct Answer
    A. Febrile
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "febrile". Febrile refers to having a fever, which is a common clinical manifestation in patients with systemic infection. Systemic infection can cause an increase in body temperature as the immune system responds to the infection. This can lead to symptoms such as chills, sweating, and an elevated heart rate. Other options like bradycardia (slow heart rate), tachypnea (rapid breathing), and numbness may be seen in certain conditions but are not specific to systemic infection.

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  • 21. 

    Tujuan pembebatan menggunakan magnesium sulphate pada abscess adalah untuk

    • Mematangkan abscess.

    • Menurunkan suhu badan.

    • Mengurangkan kesakitan.

    • Menghapuskan mikroorganisma.

    Correct Answer
    A. Mematangkan abscess.
    Explanation
    The purpose of using magnesium sulphate on abscesses is to promote maturation of the abscess. This means that the magnesium sulphate helps to draw out the infection and pus from the abscess, allowing it to heal more effectively. This process can help to reduce pain and inflammation associated with the abscess and ultimately aid in the healing process.

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  • 22. 

    Puan S pesakit psikiatri mempunyai paranoid ideation. Apakah tindakan perawatan untuk mewujudkan trusting relationship antara beliau dengan jururawat?

    • Perhatikan tingkahlaku pesakit.

    • Libatkan pesakit dalam aktiviti wad.

    • Bawa pesakit bersiar-siar di kawasan wad.

    • Luangkan masa seharian bersama pesakit.

    Correct Answer
    A. Libatkan pesakit dalam aktiviti wad.
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "Libatkan pesakit dalam aktiviti wad." This is because involving the patient in ward activities helps to establish a trusting relationship between the patient and the nurse. By actively engaging the patient in activities, the nurse can build rapport, establish a sense of belonging, and create a supportive environment. This can help to reduce the patient's paranoid ideation and promote a trusting relationship between them and the nurse.

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  • 23. 

    Seseorang yang mempunyai personaliti extrovert akan mempamerkan ciri ini. .

    • Mengambil masa yang panjang untuk tidur

    • Mempunyai tahap kebimbangan yang tinggi

    • Menyimpan perasaan dendam berpanjangan

    • Menonjolkan sifat mudah bergaul dengan orang baru.

    Correct Answer
    A. Menonjolkan sifat mudah bergaul dengan orang baru.
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "Menonjolkan sifat mudah bergaul dengan orang baru" because it is the only option that describes a characteristic of extroversion. Extroverts are known for being outgoing, sociable, and comfortable in social situations, including meeting new people. The other options do not relate to extroversion and are not specific to a person's personality type.

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  • 24. 

    Berdasarkan kepada pengiraan body mass index (BMI) adik K,  didapati BMInya  adalah 15kg/m².  Apakah jenis makanan  yang dicadangkan untuk adik K?

    • Liquid diet.

    • Low fat diet.

    • High kalori diet.

    • High protein diet.

    Correct Answer
    A. High kalori diet.
    Explanation
    Based on the calculation of the body mass index (BMI) of adik K, which is 15kg/m², it indicates that adik K has a low body weight. To increase their weight, a high-calorie diet is recommended. This type of diet provides more calories than the body needs for daily activities, helping adik K to gain weight.

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  • 25. 

    Puan S mengalami kebakaran di anterior abdominal.  Berdasarkan  Wallaces Rulles of Nine,jumlah keluasan kebakaran yang dialami oleh Puan S ialah

    • 9%.

    • 18%.

    • 28%.

    • 36%.

    Correct Answer
    A. 9%.
    Explanation
    Based on Wallace's Rule of Nines, the anterior abdominal area accounts for 9% of the total body surface area. This rule is used to estimate the extent of burns on different body regions.

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  • 26. 

    Encik S, pesakit Schizophrenia tiba-tiba menjadi agresif semasa berada di wad. Ubat yang diarahkan oleh doktor untuk mengawal keadaannya adalah

    • Sulpiride.

    • Clozapine.

    • Haloperidol

    • Flupenthixol.

    Correct Answer
    A. Haloperidol
    Explanation
    Haloperidol is the correct answer because it is a commonly prescribed medication for managing aggression in patients with schizophrenia. It belongs to a class of drugs called antipsychotics, which work by blocking dopamine receptors in the brain. This helps to reduce symptoms of psychosis, including aggression and agitation. Haloperidol is known for its effectiveness in controlling acute episodes of aggression and is often used in emergency settings or inpatient psychiatric units. It is important to note that the choice of medication may vary depending on the individual patient's symptoms and response to treatment.

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  • 27. 

    Anda diarahkan untuk memberi oksigen melalui nasal prong kepada Encik J. Untuk memastikan amaun oksigen yang diberikan adalah betul, alat yang mesti anda sediakan ialah 

    • Humidifier.

    • Flowmeter.

    • Cylinder oxygen.

    • Pressure gauge.

    Correct Answer
    A. Flowmeter.
    Explanation
    To ensure the correct amount of oxygen is given to Encik J, a flowmeter is required. A flowmeter is a device used to regulate and measure the flow rate of oxygen being delivered to a patient. It allows healthcare providers to adjust and monitor the oxygen flow accurately, ensuring the appropriate amount of oxygen is administered to the patient. A humidifier is used to add moisture to the oxygen, a cylinder oxygen is the source of the oxygen, and a pressure gauge is used to measure the pressure of the oxygen, but they do not regulate the flow rate.

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  • 28. 

    Sel yang  menghasilkan kolagen semasa fasa proliferative adalah

    • Basophil

    • Neutrofil

    • Fibroblast

    • Erythrocyte

    Correct Answer
    A. Fibroblast
    Explanation
    Fibroblast cells are responsible for producing collagen during the proliferative phase. Collagen is a structural protein that provides strength and support to tissues and organs. Fibroblasts are found in connective tissues and play a crucial role in wound healing and tissue repair. They produce and secrete collagen, which helps in the formation of new tissue and the remodeling of damaged tissue. Basophils, neutrophils, and erythrocytes do not produce collagen and have different functions in the body.

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  • 29. 

    Encik W mengalami tachypnea, dyspnea dan penurunan oxygen saturation selepas prosedur thoracentesis. Pressure dressing perlu dilakukan bagi mengelak komplikasi

    • Pleurisy.

    • Empyema.

    • Flail chest.

    • Pneumothorax.

    Correct Answer
    A. Pneumothorax.
    Explanation
    The symptoms described in the question, including tachypnea (rapid breathing), dyspnea (shortness of breath), and decreased oxygen saturation, are consistent with pneumothorax. Pneumothorax refers to the accumulation of air in the pleural space, which can occur as a complication of thoracentesis. The pressure dressing is necessary to prevent further air from entering the pleural space and worsening the pneumothorax. Pleurisy, empyema, and flail chest are not directly related to the symptoms described.

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  • 30. 

    Encik S mengalami fracture femur dan plaster of paris (POP) telah dipasang keatasnya. Tujuan melakukan senaman isometric adalah untuk mengelakkan

    • Infeksi

    • Kebengkakan

    • Muscle atrophy

    • Compartment syndrome

    Correct Answer
    A. Muscle atrophy
    Explanation
    The purpose of performing isometric exercises after applying a plaster of paris (POP) on a fractured femur is to prevent muscle atrophy. When a person is immobilized due to a fracture and a cast, the muscles surrounding the injured area can weaken and shrink, leading to muscle atrophy. Isometric exercises involve contracting the muscles without any movement at the joints, which helps maintain muscle strength and prevent atrophy. By performing these exercises, Encik S can minimize the loss of muscle mass and maintain muscle function while his fracture heals.

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  • 31. 

    Jururawat X telah dikenakan tindakan tatatertib kerana kesilapan dalam pemberian ubatan. Perkara ini tertakluk dalam Akta

    • Jururawat 1950.

    • Kebidanan 1966.

    • Keselamatan Sosial Pekerja 1969.

    • Suruhanjaya Perkhidmatan Awam 1957.

    Correct Answer
    A. Jururawat 1950.
    Explanation
    The correct answer is Jururawat 1950 because the question states that Nurse X has been subjected to disciplinary action for a mistake in medication administration. This falls under the jurisdiction of the Nurses Act 1950, which governs the professional conduct and responsibilities of nurses in Malaysia.

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  • 32. 

    Pemerhatian pesakit yang mengalami fat embolism akibat fracture femur ialah

    • Hematuria

    • Difficulty in breathing dan hypoxia

    • Sudden onset bradycardia dan hypotension 

    • Seizure diikuti dengan loss of consciousness

    Correct Answer
    A. Difficulty in breathing dan hypoxia
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "difficulty in breathing and hypoxia." When a patient experiences fat embolism due to a femur fracture, they may have difficulty breathing because the fat globules can block the blood vessels in the lungs, leading to a decrease in oxygen supply. This can result in hypoxia, which is a condition characterized by low oxygen levels in the body. The other options mentioned, such as hematuria, sudden onset bradycardia and hypotension, and seizure followed by loss of consciousness, are not typically associated with fat embolism.

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  • 33. 

    Elemen dalam budaya korporat yang berkaitan dengan komitmen adalah

    • Assertive.

    • Professionalism.

    • Kerja berpasukan.

    • Perkhidmatan penyayang.

    Correct Answer
    A. Professionalism.
    Explanation
    The element in corporate culture that is related to commitment is professionalism. Professionalism refers to the behavior and attitude of individuals in a professional setting, where they display competence, reliability, and dedication to their work. It involves adhering to ethical standards, being accountable for one's actions, and maintaining a high level of integrity. In a corporate culture that values professionalism, employees are committed to their roles and responsibilities, and they strive to perform their tasks to the best of their abilities.

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  • 34. 

    Pergerakan molekul air dari intravascular ke intracellular dipanggil

    • Filtration.

    • Diffusion.

    • Osmosis.

    • Absorption.

    Correct Answer
    A. Osmosis.
    Explanation
    Osmosis is the movement of water molecules from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration through a semipermeable membrane. In this case, the movement of water molecules from intravascular (lower solute concentration) to intracellular (higher solute concentration) can be explained by osmosis.

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  • 35. 

    Gangguan koordinasi pada pergerakan halus (fine motor) disebabkan oleh kecederaan pada

    • Cerebrum.

    • Cerebellum.

    • Spinal cord.

    • Pons varolli.

    Correct Answer
    A. Cerebellum.
    Explanation
    The correct answer is cerebellum. The cerebellum is responsible for coordinating fine motor movements, such as those involved in precise hand movements. When there is an injury or damage to the cerebellum, it can result in disruptions in fine motor coordination.

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  • 36. 

    Jagaan kejururawatan untuk pesakit yang baru pulang ke wad selepas menjalani prosedur bronchoscopy adalah

    • Kekalkan nil orally sehingga ada gag reflex

    • Gunakan bahasa isyarat untuk berkomunikasi

    • Posisikan pesakit dalam baringan semi-prone

    • Lakukan pemerhatian corak pernafasan setiap jam

    Correct Answer
    A. Kekalkan nil orally sehingga ada gag reflex
    Explanation
    After undergoing bronchoscopy, it is important to maintain nil orally (nothing by mouth) until the patient has a gag reflex. This is because the procedure may cause irritation or damage to the throat and airways, making it difficult for the patient to swallow safely. Waiting for the return of the gag reflex ensures that the patient's ability to protect their airway is fully restored before resuming oral intake.

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  • 37. 

    Aurikel  berfungsi  

    • Mengimbangkan tekanan internal ear. 

    • Mengarahkan gelombang bunyi ke middle ear.

    • Menghalang kemasukkan udara ke internal ear.

    • Menghubungkan middle ear dengan kerongkong

    Correct Answer
    A. Mengarahkan gelombang bunyi ke middle ear.
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "mengarahkan gelombang bunyi ke middle ear." This is because the auricle, also known as the outer ear, helps to collect sound waves from the environment and direct them towards the middle ear. The shape and structure of the auricle help to amplify and funnel sound waves into the ear canal, where they then travel to the middle ear. From there, the sound waves are further transmitted to the inner ear for processing and interpretation.

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  • 38. 

    Pengaliran sekresi jus gaster di fasa cephlic adalah disebabkan oleh

    • Makanan sampai ke gaster.

    • Terdapat makanan berlemak di duodenum.

    • Teringat, tercium, terlihat dan terbau makanan enak.

    • Makanan yang dihadam sampai ke dalam usus kecil.

    Correct Answer
    A. Makanan yang dihadam sampai ke dalam usus kecil.
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "makanan yang dihadam sampai ke dalam usus kecil." This is because the cephalic phase of gastric secretion is stimulated by the thought, smell, sight, and taste of food. However, the actual secretion of gastric juice occurs when the food is digested and reaches the small intestine. Therefore, the presence of food in the small intestine is what triggers the secretion of gastric juice.

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  • 39. 

    Intervensi kejururawatan untuk mengatasi masalah pesakit yang tidak dapat rehat dan tidur dengan sempurna ialah

    • Berkomunikasi dua hala.

    • Amalkan sikap penyayang.

    • Galakkan terapi diversional.

    • Rancang tindakan perawatan.

    Correct Answer
    A. Rancang tindakan perawatan.
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "rancang tindakan perawatan" because it suggests that the nursing intervention to address the patient's inability to rest and sleep properly is to plan a care action. This implies that the nurse should come up with a specific plan or strategy to provide the necessary care and support to help the patient rest and sleep better. This could involve creating a conducive environment, administering appropriate medications, or implementing relaxation techniques, among other things. The other options of "berkomunikasi dua hala," "amalkan sikap penyayang," and "galakkan terapi diversional" are not directly related to addressing the patient's rest and sleep problems.

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  • 40. 

    Tempoh sesuai bagi setiap tracheostomy suction untuk mengelakkan hypoxaemia adalah tidak melebihi

    • 10 saat

    • 15 saat

    • 20 saat

    • 25 saat

    Correct Answer
    A. 15 saat
    Explanation
    The appropriate duration for each tracheostomy suction to prevent hypoxemia should not exceed 15 seconds. This time limit ensures that the patient's oxygen levels do not drop too low during the suctioning process, reducing the risk of hypoxemia, which is a condition characterized by low levels of oxygen in the blood. Prolonged suctioning can lead to decreased oxygenation, so it is important to limit the duration to maintain adequate oxygen supply to the patient.

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  • 41. 

    Puan S mengalami afterpain selepas bersalin.  Apakah faktor penyebab afterpain?

    • Uterine atony

    • Uterine involution

    • Sejarah dysmenorrhoea

    • Keluaran lokia yang banyak

    Correct Answer
    A. Uterine involution
    Explanation
    Uterine involution refers to the process in which the uterus returns to its pre-pregnancy size and condition after childbirth. Afterpain is a common discomfort experienced by women after giving birth, which is caused by the contraction of the uterus during the involution process. Therefore, uterine involution can be a factor contributing to afterpain.

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  • 42. 

    Seseorang jururawat yang bertugas di wad pediatrik tersalah memberi bilangan titisan infusi intravena kepada seorang bayi. Perbuatan beliau dikategorikan sebagai 

    • Battery

    • Negligence

    • Malpractice

    • Invasion of privacy

    Correct Answer
    A. Negligence
    Explanation
    The nurse's action of giving the wrong number of intravenous infusion drops to a baby is categorized as negligence. Negligence refers to the failure to exercise reasonable care or caution in a situation, resulting in harm or injury to another person. In this case, the nurse made a mistake by giving the wrong dosage of medication, which could potentially harm the baby. This action falls under negligence as it demonstrates a lack of proper care and attention in performing the duties of a nurse.

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  • 43. 

    Satu jam selepas pemberian IV  frusemide kepada klien dengan kegagalan jantung, cardiac monitor menunjukkan terdapat  takikardia ventrikel. Ketidakseimbangan elektrolit yang mungkin dialami oleh beliau ialah

    • Hypokalemia.

    • Hypernatremia.

    • Hypocalcemia.

    • Hypermagnesemia.

    Correct Answer
    A. Hypokalemia.
    Explanation
    One hour after the administration of IV frusemide to a client with heart failure, the cardiac monitor shows ventricular tachycardia. This suggests that the client may be experiencing hypokalemia. Frusemide is a loop diuretic that works by increasing the excretion of water and electrolytes, including potassium, from the body. Hypokalemia, or low potassium levels, can lead to abnormal heart rhythms, such as ventricular tachycardia. Therefore, it is likely that the client's ventricular tachycardia is a result of hypokalemia caused by the frusemide administration.

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  • 44. 

    Fungsi interlacing smooth muscle myometrium ialah

    • Membantu decent of fetus head.

    • Mempercepatkan effacement cervix.

    • Mengawal pendarahan semasa proses labor.

    • Menggalakkan uterine contraction semasa proses labor.

    Correct Answer
    A. Mengawal pendarahan semasa proses labor.
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "mengawal pendarahan semasa proses labor." This means that the interlacing smooth muscle of the myometrium helps to control bleeding during the labor process. The myometrium is the muscular layer of the uterus, and its contractions help to push the baby out during labor. By contracting and compressing the blood vessels in the uterus, the interlacing smooth muscle helps to prevent excessive bleeding during childbirth.

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  • 45. 

    Struktur sel ini terdapat pada sel eukariot dan prokariot.

    • Silia.

    • Kapsul.

    • Nukleus.

    • Ribosom.

    Correct Answer
    A. Ribosom.
    Explanation
    The given statement states that this structure is found in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells. Among the options provided, only ribosomes are present in both types of cells. Ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis and can be found in the cytoplasm of prokaryotic cells and on the endoplasmic reticulum in eukaryotic cells. Therefore, ribosomes are the correct answer.

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  • 46. 

    Pemerhatian utama yang perlu dilakukan untuk sebarang komplikasi bagi klien yang diberi infusi morphine ialah  

    • Kehadiran diarrhea.

    • Monitor carta intake output.

    • Nilai gangguan corak pernafasan.

    • Periksa tahap kesedaran setiap jam sekali

    Correct Answer
    A. Nilai gangguan corak pernafasan.
    Explanation
    The main observation that needs to be done for any complications in clients given morphine infusion is to assess the disturbance in respiratory pattern. This is because morphine is a potent opioid analgesic that can cause respiratory depression as a side effect. Monitoring the client's respiratory rate, depth, and pattern is crucial to ensure their safety and detect any signs of respiratory distress or impairment.

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  • 47. 

    Merujuk kepada teori Keperluan Hierarki Maslow, individu yang sedang melanjutkan pelajaran ke tahap tertinggi berada dalam peringkat keperluan

    • Keselamatan.

    • Kasih sayang.

    • Penghargaan kendiri.

    • Kesempurnaan kendiri.

    Correct Answer
    A. Penghargaan kendiri.
    Explanation
    According to Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs theory, individuals who are pursuing higher education are likely to be in the self-esteem needs category. This category includes the need for self-respect, self-confidence, and recognition from others. Pursuing higher education can be seen as a way for individuals to enhance their self-esteem and gain recognition for their achievements. Therefore, the correct answer is "penghargaan kendiri" which translates to "self-esteem" in English.

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  • 48. 

    Duktus limfatik kanan dan torasik mengalir secara langsung ke

    • Cistern chilli.

    • Superior vena cava.

    • Cervical lymph nodes.

    • Axillary lymph nodes.

    Correct Answer
    A. Superior vena cava.
    Explanation
    The right lymphatic duct and thoracic duct are major lymphatic vessels that drain lymphatic fluid from different parts of the body. In this case, the question is asking about the direction of flow of these ducts. The correct answer, superior vena cava, is a large vein that receives blood from the upper body. It is responsible for returning deoxygenated blood from the head, neck, and upper limbs back to the heart. The lymphatic fluid from the right lymphatic duct and thoracic duct ultimately drains into the superior vena cava, where it mixes with the blood before returning to the heart.

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  • 49. 

    Apakah struktur yang melapisi lapisan berotot dalam jantung?

    • Pericardium.

    • Myocardium.

    • Myometrium.

    • Endocardium.

    Correct Answer
    A. Pericardium.
    Explanation
    The correct answer is Pericardium. The pericardium is the structure that surrounds and protects the muscular layer of the heart. It is a double-layered sac that contains fluid to reduce friction and allow the heart to move smoothly within the chest cavity. The pericardium also helps to hold the heart in place and prevent it from overfilling with blood.

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Quiz Review Timeline (Updated): Mar 21, 2023 +

Our quizzes are rigorously reviewed, monitored and continuously updated by our expert board to maintain accuracy, relevance, and timeliness.

  • Current Version
  • Mar 21, 2023
    Quiz Edited by
    ProProfs Editorial Team
  • Nov 28, 2018
    Quiz Created by
    Naa Ali
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