Chapter 1: Introduction To Statistics

1. Determine whether the data set is a population or a sample.

The height of each player on a school's basketball team

A survey of 500 spectators from a stadium with 42,000 spectators

Population - is the collection of all outcomes, responses, measurements or counts that are of interest.
Sample - is a subset, or part, of a population.

Explanation

Population - is the collection of all outcomes, responses, measurements or counts that are of interest.
Sample - is a subset, or part, of a population.

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2. Identify the sampling technique used. Every fifth person boarding a plane is searched thoroughly.

Stratified

Systematic

Cluster

Convenience

Random

A systematic sample is a sample in which each member of the population is assigned a number.

Explanation

A systematic sample is a sample in which each member of the population is assigned a number.

3. Is the science of collecting, organizing, analyzing and interpreting data in order to make decisions.

Statistics is the science that involves the collection, organization, analysis, and interpretation of data to make informed decisions. It utilizes various mathematical techniques and tools to summarize and analyze data, providing insights and patterns that help in understanding and solving real-world problems. By studying statistics, one can effectively analyze data sets, identify trends, make predictions, and draw meaningful conclusions, which are crucial for decision-making in various fields such as business, economics, healthcare, and social sciences.

Explanation

Statistics is the science that involves the collection, organization, analysis, and interpretation of data to make informed decisions. It utilizes various mathematical techniques and tools to summarize and analyze data, providing insights and patterns that help in understanding and solving real-world problems. By studying statistics, one can effectively analyze data sets, identify trends, make predictions, and draw meaningful conclusions, which are crucial for decision-making in various fields such as business, economics, healthcare, and social sciences.

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4. Consist of information coming from observations, counts, measurements, or responses.

Data refers to information that is obtained or collected through observations, counts, measurements, or responses. It can be in the form of numbers, facts, statistics, or any other type of information that is gathered and recorded. Data is used in various fields and disciplines to analyze, interpret, and make informed decisions based on the information obtained. It is an essential component in research, analysis, and problem-solving processes.

Explanation

Data refers to information that is obtained or collected through observations, counts, measurements, or responses. It can be in the form of numbers, facts, statistics, or any other type of information that is gathered and recorded. Data is used in various fields and disciplines to analyze, interpret, and make informed decisions based on the information obtained. It is an essential component in research, analysis, and problem-solving processes.

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5. A double- blind experiment is used to increase the placebo effect

True

False

False. A double-blind experiment is used to decrease the placebo effect.

Explanation

False. A double-blind experiment is used to decrease the placebo effect.

6. Match the following

A list of debit card pin numbers

The final scores on a video game

Qualitative - consist of attributes, labels and nonnumerical entries. Pin numbers represent card holder's identity
Quantitative - consist of numerical measurements or counts. Data is numerical.

Explanation

Qualitative - consist of attributes, labels and nonnumerical entries. Pin numbers represent card holder's identity
Quantitative - consist of numerical measurements or counts. Data is numerical.

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7. Identify each data set's level of measurement.

The numbers on the athlete's jersey

The horsepowers of racing car egines

The top 10 grossing films released in 2010

The years of birth for the runners in the Boston Marathon

Nominal Level - are qualitative only. Data at this level are categorizing using names, labels or qualities.
Ordinal Level - are qualitative and quantitative. Date at this level can be arranged in order or ranked, but differences between data entries are not meaningful.
Interval Level - can be ordered, and meaningful differences between data entries can be calculated.
Ratio Level - A ratio of two data values can be formed so that one data value can be meaningfully expressed as a multiple of another.

Explanation

Nominal Level - are qualitative only. Data at this level are categorizing using names, labels or qualities.
Ordinal Level - are qualitative and quantitative. Date at this level can be arranged in order or ranked, but differences between data entries are not meaningful.
Interval Level - can be ordered, and meaningful differences between data entries can be calculated.
Ratio Level - A ratio of two data values can be formed so that one data value can be meaningfully expressed as a multiple of another.

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