Introduction To Research - Test 1

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| By Safa.marwan2000
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Safa.marwan2000
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Quizzes Created: 4 | Total Attempts: 2,987
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  • 1/10 Questions

    Reliability of a screening test means getting the correct results while validity of the screening test means getting the same results every time.

    • True
    • False
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About This Quiz

This 'Introduction to Research - Test 1' assesses understanding of key statistical measures in medical screening tests, focusing on concepts like sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values. Essential for students and professionals in medical research fields.

Medical Research Quizzes & Trivia

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  • 2. 

    Descriptive statistics is the reaching of decisions about a large body of data by examining only a small part of the data.

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. False
    Explanation
    This the definition of inferential statistics.
    Descriptive statistics only organizes and summerizes data.

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  • 3. 

    Parameter and statistic are types of:

    • Statistical measures

    • Data collection techniques

    • Statistical methods

    • Sampling methods

    Correct Answer
    A. Statistical measures
    Explanation
    Parameter and statistic are types of statistical measures. In statistics, a parameter is a numerical value that describes a population, while a statistic is a numerical value that describes a sample. Both parameters and statistics are used to summarize and analyze data in order to make inferences about a population. They are important tools in statistical analysis and help researchers draw conclusions and make predictions based on data collected.

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  • 4. 

    Which of the following statements about probabilistic sampling is not correct?

    • Multistage sampling has a low cost.

    • Systemic random sampling are easy to verify.

    • Stratified sampling divides the population into 2 or more differnt groups.

    • Multistage sampling is effective.

    Correct Answer
    A. Multistage sampling has a low cost.
    Explanation
    Multistage sampling does not necessarily have a low cost. In fact, it can sometimes be more expensive than other sampling methods due to the need to sample at multiple stages or levels. The cost of multistage sampling can depend on factors such as the number of stages, the size of each stage, and the complexity of the sampling design. Therefore, the statement that multistage sampling has a low cost is not correct.

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  • 5. 

    Sensitivity and specificity have an inverse relationship.

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. True
    Explanation
    Sensitivity and specificity are statistical measures used to evaluate the performance of a diagnostic test. Sensitivity measures the proportion of true positives correctly identified by the test, while specificity measures the proportion of true negatives correctly identified by the test. These two measures have an inverse relationship because as sensitivity increases, specificity tends to decrease, and vice versa. This is because there is often a trade-off between correctly identifying true positives and true negatives. Therefore, it is true that sensitivity and specificity have an inverse relationship.

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  • 6. 

    Ethical issues regarding confidality may arise in which of the following data collection methods?

    • Observing

    • Interviewing

    • Focus Group Discussions

    • Adminstering written questionnaires

    Correct Answer
    A. Observing
    Explanation
    Ethical issues regarding confidentiality may arise in the method of observing. When researchers observe individuals or groups without their knowledge or consent, it can infringe upon their privacy and confidentiality. Observing people without their permission can lead to the disclosure of sensitive information or behaviors that they may not want to be made public. Therefore, it is important for researchers to obtain informed consent and ensure that the privacy and confidentiality of the participants are protected when using the method of observation.

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  • 7. 

    All kinds of measurements are observations.

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. True
    Explanation
    This statement is true because measurements involve the process of observing and quantifying a physical quantity or attribute. Whether it is measuring the length of an object, the temperature of a room, or the weight of an item, all measurements require observation. Thus, it can be concluded that all kinds of measurements are observations.

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  • 8. 

    Amniocentesis is a screening test for NTD. Based on the following table, what is the probability of the test to be positive if the patient has the disese?   NTD positive NTD negative Positive Amniocentesis 400 60 Negative Amniocentesis 400 140

    • 1/2

    • 3/10

    • 20/27

    • 20/23

    Correct Answer
    A. 1/2
    Explanation
    Find the positive predictive value (PPV)

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  • 9. 

    The fasting plasma glucose test is used in screening for DM. Based on the results below, what is the probability of the test to give a positive result if the person doesn't have the disease?   Positive test Negative Test DM positive 50 30 DM negative 40 20

    • 2/3

    • 5/8

    • 3/8

    • 5/9

    Correct Answer
    A. 2/3
    Explanation
    Find the probability of the false positive test results.

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  • 10. 

    In a population, a screening test for corona was done. If the sensitivity of the test was 90% and the specificity was 95% and the positive predictive value (PPV) was 9%. What is the prevalence of corona? 

    • 0.0054 (0.54%)

    • 0.0053 (0.53%)

    • 0.0055 (0.55%)

    • 0.0052 (0.55%)

    Correct Answer
    A. 0.0054 (0.54%)
    Explanation
    Use Bayes' rule, and solve for P(D)

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  • Current Version
  • Mar 21, 2023
    Quiz Edited by
    ProProfs Editorial Team
  • May 05, 2020
    Quiz Created by
    Safa.marwan2000
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