Microbiology Ch 33
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Preparation for final exam
- 1.A disease that is present in unusually high numbers throughout the world is called
- A.
Endemic
- B.
Epidemic
- C.
Sporadic
- D.
Pandemic
- 2.A disease that is present in unusually high numbers throughout the world is called
- A.
Nosocomial infections
- B.
Zoonoses
- C.
Vector infections
- D.
Muduranes
- 3.An inanimate object that transmits infectious agents between hosts is most appropriately called a
- A.
Fomite
- B.
Carrier
- C.
Vector
- D.
Reservoir
- 4.Hospital and nursing home patients are susceptible to serious infections because
- A.
Many patients have low resistance to infectious diseases.
- B.
The use of antibiotics selects for antibiotic-resistant organisms.
- C.
Many diverse human reservoirs are present.
- D.
All of the above
- 5.Which of the following is/are considered (a) direct contact infection(s)?
- A.
Syphilis
- B.
Gonorrhea
- C.
Skin infections
- D.
All of the above
- 6.The onset of a given epidemic is indicated by a sharp rise in the number of cases reported daily over a brief interval. This indicates that the mode of transmission is
- A.
Host to host
- B.
A common source
- C.
Insect vector
- D.
Mechanical vector
- 7.Which of the following diseases would not normally be spread by a common source?
- A.
Measles
- B.
Foodborne diseases
- C.
Waterborne diseases
- D.
Cholera
- 8.Which of the following is an example of herd immunity?
- A.
Brucellosis is no longer found in farm animals in the United States.
- B.
If 70% of the population is immunized against polio, the disease will be essentially absent from the population.
- C.
Federal law requires that all cattle not immune to anthrax be destroyed.
- D.
All farm animals used for food must be immunized against all the common agents of disease that infect humans
- 9.The most common cause of urinary tract infections in hospitals is
- A.
Escherichia coli.
- B.
Staphylococcus aureus.
- C.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
- D.
Candida albicans.
- 10.Nosocomial infections occur in about __________ of all patients admitted to the hospital.
- A.
2%
- B.
5%
- C.
10%
- D.
15%
- 11.A large number of cases of a particular disease observed in a relatively short period of time in an area that previously experienced only sporadic cases of the disease is known as a(n)
- A.
Pandemic
- B.
Outbreak
- C.
Endemix
- D.
Zoonosis
- 12.Which stage of an acute infectious disease occurs between the time the organism begins to grow in the host and the appearance of disease symptoms?
- A.
Decline period
- B.
Acute period
- C.
Infection
- D.
Incubation period
- 13.A marked seasonality to a disease is often indicative
- A.
Certain modes of transmission.
- B.
The presence of carriers.
- C.
A zoonotic infection.
- D.
A seasonal reservoir.
- 14.Which of the following is not a vector important in disease transmission?
- A.
Fomites
- B.
Insects
- C.
Ticks
- D.
Rodents
- 15.A good example of a cyclical disease is
- A.
Diphtheria
- B.
Smallpox
- C.
Influenza
- D.
Anthrax
- 16.Which is a body site preferentially infected by nosocomial pathogens?
- A.
Gastrointestinal tract
- B.
Respiratory tract
- C.
Cerebrospinal fluid
- D.
Liver
- 17.Which of the following is one of the most important and widespread hospital pathogens, is the most common cause of pneumonia, is the third most common cause of blood infections, and is often resistant to common antibiotics?
- A.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
- B.
Escherichia coli
- C.
Klebsiella pneumoniae
- D.
Staphylococcus aureus
- 18.Which of the following is a good example of an opportunistic pathogen found in a hospital environment?
- A.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
- B.
Escherichia coli
- C.
Klebsiella pneumoniae
- D.
Staphylococcus aureus
- 19.The most common vectorborne disease in the United States is
- A.
SARS
- B.
Plague
- C.
Lyme disease
- D.
Malaria
- 20.Which organisms are considered major epidemiological problems because of their rapid, unpredictable genetic mutations? (Hint-what kind of virus is influenza virus?)
- A.
Gram-positive bacteria
- B.
RNA viruses
- C.
Archaea
- D.
DNA viruses
- 21.Where is Bacillus anthracis typically found? (any Bacillus for that matter)
- A.
In cattle reservoirs
- B.
In the soil
- C.
In rodent reservoirs
- D.
In human reservoirs
- 22.A worldwide epidemic
- 23.Unusually high incidence of a disease occurs in a specific population
- 24.Constantly present at a low incidence
- 25.Critical for controlling a disease...
- A.
Knowing reservoir
- B.
Knowing route of transmission
- C.
Knowing disease carriers
- D.
Knowing pathogen life cycles
- E.
All of the above
- 26.What does the route of transmission affect?
- A.
Disinfection practices
- B.
Elimination of vectors
- C.
Rate of spread of disease
- D.
Quarantine
- E.
All of the above
- 27.Monitors surveillance programs for disease control
- 28.Hospital-acquiredPatients exposed to many infectious agents with complicated antibiotic resistanceMany common microorganisms have the potential to be pathogens and cause these
- 29.Type of disease transmission
- A.
Person to person
- B.
Fomites
- C.
Vectors
- D.
Common vehicles
- E.
All of the above
- 30.Value of disease control...
- 31.Ability of an organism to cause a disease
- 32.Pathogen ingestedgrowth of an organism in host
- 33.Amount required to cause infection in host
- 34.A source of viable infectious agent from which individuals may be infected
- 35.Incidence of death in a population
- 36.Agent responsible for the occurence of a microbial disease
- 37.An agent able to carry pathogens from one host to another, usually insects/animal
- 38.The number of new and existing disease cases reported in a population in a given time period
- 39.The number of new disease cases reported in a population in a given time period
- 40.Incidence of illness in a population
- 41.Inanimate objects that can transfer pathogen ot a host population
- 42.Toxin ingested
- 43.Degree of pathogenicitydependent on infectious dose, different strains, form of toxin, etc
- 44.Routes of transmission
- A.
Ingestion
- B.
Inhalation
- C.
How a pathogen enters the body
- D.
All of the above
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