Language Acquisition And Learning_ Exam 1

Acquisition refers to the process of obtaining or acquiring knowledge or skills. The given statement suggests that in order for knowledge to be internalized subconsciously, certain situations need to be created. This implies that acquisition of knowledge involves more than just conscious learning, but also involves the subconscious absorption and integration of information. Therefore, the answer "Acquisition" aligns with the idea that learning involves the internalization of knowledge through various experiences and situations.

The statement aligns with the principles of behaviorism, which argues that learning occurs through observable changes in behavior. According to behaviorists, learning is not merely acquiring knowledge or understanding, but rather a measurable change in behavior that indicates that learning has taken place. Therefore, the correct answer is true.

The theory that holds God as the provider of language to humans suggests that language is a divine gift given by a higher power. According to this belief, language is not a result of natural sound sources, physical adaptation, or genetic factors, but rather a supernatural source. This theory implies that language is a unique and special ability bestowed upon humans by God, setting them apart from other creatures.

Learning refers to the process of acquiring knowledge or skills through study, experience, or teaching. It involves the conscious effort to gather and understand new information. In this context, the statement suggests that for learning to occur, there needs to be a deliberate and intentional introduction of information. This implies that learning is an active process that requires active engagement and participation from the learner.

This theory suggests that words were derived from natural sounds in the environment, such as echoes, natural cries, or physical efforts. It proposes that language originated from imitating and incorporating these natural sounds into communication.

The theory that language is a genetic source suggests that humans have an innate capacity for language. This means that language ability is encoded in our genes and passed down from generation to generation. This explanation implies that language is not solely a product of external factors such as divine or natural sound sources, but rather an inherent characteristic of human biology. It suggests that our genetic makeup plays a significant role in our ability to acquire and use language.

The theory that states language comes from the physical features humans possess suggests that our ability to produce speech is a result of our physical adaptations. This means that the specific physical structures and capabilities of our vocal tract, such as the shape of our mouth, tongue, and vocal cords, play a crucial role in our ability to produce the sounds and speech patterns that make up language. According to this theory, our physical characteristics have evolved and adapted over time to enable us to communicate through speech.

Habla is the correct answer because it refers to the spoken language or speech. Lengua refers to the language as a system or structure, while lenguaje is a broader term that encompasses both spoken and written language. Therefore, habla is the individual product of the language faculty that specifically refers to spoken language.

The word "lengua" refers to the social product of the language faculty. This suggests that "lengua" represents the language as a whole, including its grammar, vocabulary, and rules, which are shared and understood by a particular community or society. "Habla" refers to speech or the act of speaking, while "lenguaje" refers to language in a broader sense, including both verbal and non-verbal communication. However, the term "lengua" specifically emphasizes the social aspect of language and how it is shaped and used within a community.

The word "lenguaje" is the correct answer because it translates to "language" in English. The ability to communicate through the use of signs is a characteristic of language. "Lengua" refers to "tongue" or "language" in a specific context, while "habla" refers to "speech" or "speaking". Therefore, "lenguaje" is the most appropriate term to describe the ability to communicate through signs.

Overextension is the process in which children extend the meaning of a word beyond its conventional use based on similarities of shape, sound, or size. For example, a child might use the word "dog" to refer to all four-legged animals. This can occur as children are learning language and making connections between words and their referents. Overextension is a common linguistic phenomenon in early childhood development.

Caregiver speech refers to the simplified speech style adopted by individuals who spend a significant amount of time interacting with young children. This style involves using shorter sentences, slower speech, exaggerated intonation, and repetition to facilitate understanding and language development in children. It is characterized by its simplicity and clarity, allowing children to comprehend and imitate language more easily. Caregiver speech plays a crucial role in language acquisition and serves as a bridge between the child's early communication attempts and the more complex language used by adults.

Caregiver speech often includes exaggerated intonation, where the pitch and tone of the voice are emphasized to capture the attention of the child and make the speech more engaging. Additionally, alternative forms of words or simplified language are used to cater to the child's level of understanding. Repetition is another common feature, where the caregiver may repeat words or phrases to reinforce learning and aid in language development. These features help caregivers effectively communicate with and teach young children.

The three characteristics that the cognitive theories share are: 1) Intellect grows and language does too, 2) Active construction of knowledge, and 3) Cognitive and language development. These characteristics suggest that cognitive theories emphasize the importance of intellectual growth, language development, and the active role of individuals in constructing their own knowledge.

The process by which children work out how to use grammatical functions and rules is known as overgeneralization. This occurs when children apply a grammatical rule in a broader context than it should be applied, often resulting in errors. For example, a child may say "goed" instead of "went" because they have overgeneralized the rule of adding "-ed" to form past tense verbs. This process is a normal part of language development as children learn and refine their understanding of grammar.

Language is a set of arbitrary symbols that operate in a speech community or culture. It is systematic and generative, allowing for the creation of new expressions. Language is used for communication, enabling individuals to convey meaning and interact with others.