Internet Foundations 2

The term netiquette has been coined to encourage common sense and politeness, and to establish general rules for e-mail messages.

The components of a typical URL include the protocol, the Internet resource (server or host name) and the domain name. In a URL, the protocol component identifies the Internet Protocol used to send information from the server to a user's computer, and thus indicates both the type of server and Internet Service being used. HTTP is used to transfer Web Pages and other information over the WWW.

Anonymous browsing allows users to use the browser and leave no cached information, effectively leaving behind no evidence on the hard drive of the sites or content they have browsed.

A Webinar (short for Web-based seminar) is training -- usually a PowerPoint presentation and/or lecture -- that is delivered over the Web. Webinars and Web conferences are essentially synonymous; although a Webinar is a type of Web conference that is typically one-way, from speaker to participants with limited audience participation.

To download files, an FTP client programme uses the "get" command.

You can attach almost any type of file to an e-mail message. The ability to attach files (such as word processor documents, spreadsheets and images) to your messages makes e-mail a powerful tool, and allows users to share files and documents within their organisation or with users in other organisations.

The advantage of using vector graphics are that the files are relatively small (resulting in shorter download time) and they are easily resized without affecting image quality.

Silverlight is Microsoft's response to Adobe Flash. It is a software development tool used to write and run Internet applications. Silverlight originally focused on streaming audio and video, but now supports graphics, animations, and almost any multimedia.

To upload files, an FTP client use the"put" command.

There are two ways to install plug-ins, online and offline. Offline installation requires the user to download the plug-in file, quit the browser and start the installation file. When the installation is completed, the computer software maybe need to be restarted before the changes take effect.

BitTorrent is a P2P (peer-to-peer network on the Internet) application used for downloading huge files (more than a gigabyte) because it dramatically reduces the demands on networking hardware and bandwidth.

The primary goal of a plug-in is to provide efficient integration of multimedia formats with the browser and computer. Without this integration, a user would have to download multimedia files and play them back later with a separate application.

You can save entire Web pages or elements of a Web page to your hard disk. When saving a Web page to hard disk, most browsers save all related images, fonts, and scripts referenced by the HTML on the page. You can open the page in your browser even when you are not connected to the Internet.

The rendering engine is the part of the browser responsible for reading the Web page and presenting it to an end user. It has the ability to read, parse, and represent HTML, images, and other tools.

Pop-up windows are small browser windows that appear in from of the browser window you are viewing. Pop-up windows display on their own, and remain open until you click an option inside or close them. Because pop-up windows can be annoying, pop-up blockers are included in most browsers. Although it seems like a great idea, keep in mind that it may prevent vital features of some Web sites (such as logon windows) from displaying.

Cookies are small text files placed on Web site visitors' computers so Web site managers can customise their sites to their visitors' preferences.

Ping command can be used to ensure connectivity between two systems.

Presence information is a status indicator that conveys a person's willingness and ability to engage in communication. For example, when a user signs in to an instant messaging (IM) service, his or her status (e.g. online) is advertised (or published) to the people on a contact list.

An extranet is an internal network designed to provide access to selected external users and is not available to the Internet public. Extranets are an efficient way for business partners to share and exchange information. Customer support tasks can also be performed using an extranet. For example , if customers need to access a sales report generated by your company they will first access the Internet then enter in their browsers the URL of your company's extranet Web server. Once they access the Web server they must log on to the Web server with usernames and passwords. When they are logged on customers access your company's extranet which appears as a normal Web site and provides all the same services. The only difference is that the extranet provides security to exclude the Internet public. Customers can then download sales reports instead of calling your office and asking someone to fax or mail them.

VoIP is voice information delivered in digital form as packets of data using Internet Protocol (IP).

To ensure that your anti-virus software can protect you, install program updates to the software to keep the signature profiles current.

A URL that goes deeper into a Web site than the home page, such as www.ciwcertified.com/index.php is called a deep URL because it includes a path that penetrates the folder structure of the Web site.

You can configure your browser for added security by controlling active content that is downloaded from a Web site and run locally on the client's browser.

You need to use the "open" command to access an FTP server, and you must use the "get" command to copy a file to your computer. The "put" command is used to upload a file from your system to the FTP server.

Firefox and Internet Explorer include native, or built-in, support for standard audio formats such as AU, MIDI, Audio Interchange File Format (AIFF) and Waveform (WAV). AU is an audio format used by UNIX servers. Most browsers provide built-in support for AU files. Users can play sound files embedded in HTML documents using their browsers, which automatically identify and play most major formats embedded in or linked to a Web page.

A proxy server replaces the network IP address with another, contingent address. This process effectively hides the actual IP address from the rest of the Internet, thereby protecting the entire network.

A persistent cookie is stored as a file on your computer and remains there after you end your browser session.

A list server is a server that automates the collection and distribution of messages from an authorised group of participants, allowing collaboration among multiple users. A group of users that subscribes to a mailing list is called a listserve group.

Adobe created the PDF, a general file format that can be created and read on any computer, regardless of the local operating system. These files are suitable for transmission over the Web.

An employer has legal ownership of everything an employee creates while on the job, including personal messages. Your employer has the right to read e-mail you send using company equipment and Internet connections.

QuickTime is a plug-in created by Apple Computer for running video and audio files. The QuickTime Movie (MOV) file format was created by Apple and is supported by all QuickTime versions. Video, animation, text and audio are combined into one file.

Shareware is not free, you can download it for free and try it. Download songs and movies from the internet or peer-to-peer network without obtaining permission or paying a fee is an illegal use of copyrighted information. You should not ask other users to divulge personal information via these sessions.

SMTP is a plain text protocol which means that when it is not encrypted, passwords can be sent in plain text. This means that a password which is also used elsewhere may be 'sniffed' from the SMTP protocol and used to attack the network elsewhere, thus SMTP passwords are a vulnerability.

Raster graphics are images that map bits directly to a display space.

It also requires permission, which is usually provided by the FTP server administrator.

VNC consists of two components the server and the viewer. The server listens on a specific port (for example, TCP 5800 on Windows) and allows clients to connect The viewer

Corporations are beginning to consider P2P as a way for employees to share file directly, eliminating the cost and maintenance associated with a centralised server.

If the browser cache is too small, the user will sacrifice performance because he or she will spend a lot of time waiting while pages download from the server.

Hash encryption (also called one-way encryption) is an encryption method in which hashes are used to verify the integrity of transmitted messages. A hash (also called a message digest) is a number generated by an algorithm from a string of text. The generated hash value is smaller than the text itself, and is generated in such a way that it is nearly impossible fro the same hash value to be generated from some other text.

Multipurpose Internet Mail Extension (MIME) controls the way that messages and attachments are organised and distinguished from one another, whereas Secure MIME (S/MIME) controls the way that encryption information and digital certificates can be included as part of an e-mail message.

You use an opt-in e-mail marketing service when you consent to receiving e-mails regarding special promotions or other types of updates. Opt-in mass texting services are similar, but are used most often on mobile devices. The service is technicall a SMS used by phone carriers, not an Internet Service, but it serves the same purpose as mass e-mail.

Sending threatening e-mail messages, text messages or instant messages is illegal, just as if the threats were made via telephone. Keep in mind that any messages you send, especially while at work or at school, should always be "safe for work" (SFW). SFW means that the content of your message can safely be viewed by anyone and does not contain any controversial, sexually explicit, profane or otherwise inappropriate content

You would not need to use any FTP commands for any reason.