Ib Biology 2

1. What does the following scatter graph show?\

No correlation between these variables

Strong positive correlation between these variables

Strong negative correlation between these variables

Weak negative correlation between these variables

2. What happens during the pathway of glycolysis?

Glucose is broken down into pyruvate.

Carbon dioxide is produced.

More ATP is consumed than is produced.

Lactic acid is produced

3. How do prokaryotic cells divide?

By mitosis

By meiosis

By budding

By binary fission

4. What is light energy used for during photosynthesis?

To produce carbon dioxide

To produce water molecules

To produce ATP

To break down sugar molecules

5. During which phase of the cell cycle do chromosomes duplicate?

G1

S

G2

Mitosis

6. Which diagram represents the polarity of a water molecule?

7. In the model of the DNA molecule shown below, which arrows point to covalent bonds?

I, II and III only

II, III and IV only

I, III and IV only

I, II and IV only

8. Where is carbon dioxide produced in the mitochondrion?

A

B

C

D

9. In a cross between red haired cattle and white haired cattle the offspring produced are always a colour called roan (light red). If the roan cattle are interbred they produce white, roan and red offspring. How many alleles are controlling this character?

1

2

3

4

10. Red-green colour blindness is a sex-linked condition. Which of the following always shows normal vision?

A homozygous male

A homozygous female

A heterozygous male

A heterozygous female

11. What are the structures labelled I and II on the diagram of the male reproductive system?

I II

Seminal vesicle Epididymis

Seminal vesicle Prostate gland

12. How does the surface area to volume ratio change with an increase in cell size?

13. What conclusion can be made from the following evidence from an analysis of DNA fragments?

Both children are related to both parents.

Child I is related to the man but child II is not.

Both children are unrelated to either of the parents.

Child II is related to the man but child I is not

14. The diagram below represents the homeostatic control of body temperature. What does the part labelled X represent?

Heart

Kidney

Pituitary

Hypothalamus

15. Several greenhouse gases occur in the atmosphere. Carbon dioxide (CO2 ) is one of them but so are methane (CH4 ) and oxides of nitrogen (NOx ). Why are oxides of nitrogen classed as greenhouse gases?

They trap some of the long-wave radiation emitted by the Earth’s surface.

They prevent short-wave radiation from reaching the Earth’s surface.

They dissolve in rainwater to produce acid rain.

They are only produced by human activity whereas CO2 and CH4 are also produced naturally.

16. What is a difference between the features of monocotyledons and dicotyledons? Monocotyledons Dicotyledons

17. What is the function of the tRNA activating enzyme?

It links tRNA to ribosomes

It links tRNA to mRNA.

It links tRNA to a specific amino acid.

It links an amino acid on one tRNA to an amino acid on another tRNA.

18. What conditions must be met for the t-test to be applied? I. Population sampled must have a normal distribution II. Variable measured is continuous III. Sample size must be >30

I only

II and III only

I and II only

I, II and III

19. Where are complex carbohydrates made in the chloroplast?

In the intermembrane space

In the stroma

On the inner membrane

In the thylakoid space

20. When do chiasmata form in meiosis?

During prophase I

During metaphase I

During anaphase I

During prophase II

21. What does label X indicate?

Sarcolemma

Sarcomere

Sarcoplasmic reticulum

Endoplasmic reticulum

22. Slime moulds (Acrasiomycota) are protoctists. They feed on decaying organic matter, bacteria and protozoa. Which of the terms describes their nutrition? I. Detritivore II. Autotroph III. Heterotroph

I only

I and II only

I and III only

I, II and III

23. In the mitochondrial electron transport chain, what is the last electron acceptor?

CO2

H2O

O2

NAD

24. What is required to produce monoclonal antibodies?

T-lymphocytes and oocytes

T-lymphocytes and early embryo cells

B-lymphocytes and tumour cells

B-lymphocytes and stem cells

25. What can the extracellular matrix of cells be made of ? I. Polysaccharide II. Glycoprotein III. Phospholipid

I only

I and II only

II and III only

I, II and III

26. Which best describes the tertiary structure of a protein?

The interaction of polypeptide subunits and prosthetic groups

Interactions forming hydrogen bonds between the amino acids

The sequence of amino acids in the polypeptide chain

The structure formed from interactions between the amino acid side groups

27. What is the role of testosterone in spermatogenesis?

It stimulates interstitial cells.

It stimulates Sertoli cells.

It inhibits the germinal epithelium

It inhibits the prostate gland

28. What is the role of HCG in early pregnancy?

HCG stimulates FSH secretions.

HCG stimulates the degeneration of the corpus luteum.

HCG stimulates ovarian estrogen and progesterone secretion.

HCG stimulates uterine contractions

29. What are the fundamental structural units of eukaryotic chromosomes?

Nucleosomes

Centromeres

Histones

Nucleoids

30. What is the correct sequence of events in the germination of a starch seed?

31. Which of the following processes result in the production of recombinants? I. Crossing over between linked genes II. Reassortment of non-linked genes III. Mutation

I only

I and II only

I and III only

I, II and III

32. Which processes are required for the reabsorption of glucose in the kidney tubules? I. Simple diffusion II. Facilitated diffusion III. Active transport

I and II only

II and III only

I and III only

I, II and III

33. Which of the organisms A–D, identified by the key below, represents an Annelid?

34. What is the mechanism of natural selection?

Any individuals in a population can be selected entirely by chance.

After a change in the environment a species will evolve adaptations to the new conditions.

If an adaptation to the environment is useful, an individual will develop it and pass it on to its offspring.

Variations amongst individuals of a population are selected by a changing environment.

35. Which of the following parts of the digestive system secrete proteases? Stomach Small Intestine Large Intestine

36. Why are antibiotics effective against bacteria but not viruses?

Viruses can hide inside host cells.

Bacteria are recognized as pathogens but viruses are not.

The enzymes of bacteria can be inhibited by antibiotics.

Viruses are resistant to antibiotics.

37. What causes stomata to close?

Increase in the turgor of the guard cells

A high level of CO2 in the leaf tissues

The presence of abscisic acid

Movement of K+ into the guard cells

38. The antisense strand on the DNA molecule coding for three codons of a gene is TATCGCACG What are the anticodons of the three tRNA molecules that correspond to this sequence?

UAU, CGC and ACG

ATA, GCG and TGC

AUA, GCG and UGC

TAT, CGC and ACG