Genetics Definitions

1. A chromosome is:

A structure that contains RNA

A healthy human has 47 chromosomes

A structure formed of a very long piece of DNA

2. Which of the following is the correct nucleotide pairings for DNA?

Adenine and Cytosine

Adenine and Uracil

Adenine and Thymine

3. The term allele means:

A different form of a gene

The name given for a trait

A letter used to describe a a trait

4. The term genotype refers to:

What the individual will look like

The traits of an individual

The genetic make up of an individual

5. The term phenotype refers to:

Is the observable trait of an individual

Is the alleles of the trait of an individual

Is what the individual looks like

6. Choose the INCORRECT statement from the following:

Humans have 46 pairs of chromosomes

A zygote is the first cell formed when the sperm and egg meet

DNA stands for deoxyribonucleic acid

7. Which of the following statements is correct when describing mRNA?

A double stranded molecule that travels out of the nucleus and is translated at the ribosome

A single stranded molecule that travels out of the nucleus and is translated at the ribosome

A single stranded molecule where Adenine is replaced with Uracil

8. A gene is:

A length of DNA that contains instructions for making a protein

A length of DNA that contains instructions for making a chromosome

A length of DNA that contains instructions for making a RNA

9. Translation is the process where:

A DNA strand is converted to a mRNA strand

A protein is created from the mRNA strand

A mRNA strand is moved from the nucleus to the ribosome

10. The term homozygous means:

Two different copies of the allele

Two copies of the same allele

Always two copies of the dominant allele