First Three Weeks Of Development – Practice Quiz Questions
Questions and Answers
- 1.
All of the following structures are necessary for blastocyst implantation EXCEPT?
- A.
Endometrium in progestational phase
- B.
Zona pellucida
- C.
Syncytiotrophoblast
- D.
Cytotrophoblast
- E.
Functional layer of endometrium
Correct Answer
B. Zona pellucidaExplanation
The zona pellucida is not necessary for blastocyst implantation. It is a glycoprotein layer surrounding the oocyte and early embryo, which helps protect and maintain the structure of the developing embryo. However, during implantation, the zona pellucida must be shed in order for the blastocyst to make direct contact with the endometrium and establish a connection for implantation to occur. Therefore, the presence of the zona pellucida would actually hinder rather than facilitate blastocyst implantation.Rate this question:
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- 2.
A 20-year old woman presents at the ER with severe abdominal pain on the right side with signs of abdominal bleeding. She indicated that she has been sexually active without contraception and missed her last menstrual period. Based on this information, which of the following disorders must be included as an option in the diagnosis?
- A.
Ovarian cancer
- B.
Appendicitis
- C.
Normal pregnancy
- D.
Ectopic tubal pregnancy
- E.
Toxemia of pregnancy
Correct Answer
D. Ectopic tubal pregnancyExplanation
Based on the given information, the woman is experiencing severe abdominal pain on the right side with signs of abdominal bleeding. She has also mentioned that she has been sexually active without contraception and missed her last menstrual period. These symptoms and risk factors are highly suggestive of an ectopic tubal pregnancy, where the fertilized egg implants outside of the uterus, usually in the fallopian tube. This condition can cause severe abdominal pain and bleeding, and it is important to consider it as a possible diagnosis in this case.Rate this question:
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- 3.
Mesoderm is formed from
- A.
Hypoblast cells
- B.
Extraembryonic ectoderm
- C.
Notochordal cells
- D.
Epiblast cells
- E.
Amnioblasts
Correct Answer
D. Epiblast cellsExplanation
The correct answer is Epiblast cells. During early embryonic development, the epiblast cells give rise to all three germ layers, including the mesoderm. The epiblast cells are located on the inner cell mass of the blastocyst and differentiate into different cell types to form the various tissues and organs of the body. The mesoderm is one of the germ layers and gives rise to structures such as muscles, bones, blood vessels, and connective tissues. Therefore, the mesoderm is formed from epiblast cells.Rate this question:
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- 4.
Which of the following statements regarding the uteroplacental circulation is CORRECT?
- A.
Lacunae form within the cytotrophoblast
- B.
Hydrolytic enzymes produced by the trophoblast degrade the endothelium of embryonic capillaries
- C.
It is established during the second week of development
- D.
It is a transient nutrient supply for the blastocyst during implantation
- E.
It only forms in ectopic implantations
Correct Answer
C. It is established during the second week of developmentExplanation
The correct answer is that the uteroplacental circulation is established during the second week of development. This means that the circulation between the mother and the developing embryo is not present immediately after fertilization, but rather takes some time to develop. This is important because it allows for the proper exchange of nutrients and waste products between the mother and the embryo, supporting its growth and development.Rate this question:
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- 5.
Between which two layers is the extraembryonic mesoderm located?
- A.
Exocoelomic membrane and cytotrophoblast
- B.
Epiblast and hypoblast
- C.
Syncytiotrophoblast and endometrium
- D.
Exocoelomic membrane and syncytiotrophoblast
- E.
Syncytiotrophoblast and cytotrophoblast
Correct Answer
A. Exocoelomic membrane and cytotrophoblastExplanation
The extraembryonic mesoderm is located between the exocoelomic membrane and the cytotrophoblast.Rate this question:
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- 6.
Which of the following statements regarding the epiblast is CORRECT?
- A.
It is composed of small cuboidal cells
- B.
It forms the roof of the blastocyst cavity
- C.
It forms the primitive streak
- D.
Notochordal cells intercalate into it
Correct Answer
C. It forms the primitive streakExplanation
The epiblast is a layer of cells in the early embryo that gives rise to the three primary germ layers (ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm). During gastrulation, the epiblast cells migrate and form a structure called the primitive streak, which is essential for establishing the body plan of the developing embryo. Therefore, the statement "It forms the primitive streak" is correct.Rate this question:
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- 7.
A young woman was exposed to rubella virus during pregnancy which resulted in her having a baby with ventriculoseptal cardiac defect. In which period was the mother most likely to have contracted the acute viral infection?
- A.
Weeks 1-5 before fertilization
- B.
Weeks 1-5 after fertilization
- C.
Months 4-5 after fertilization
- D.
Months 5-6 after fertilization
- E.
Weeks 9 to 12 after fertilization
Correct Answer
B. Weeks 1-5 after fertilizationExplanation
The mother is most likely to have contracted the acute viral infection during weeks 1-5 after fertilization because this is the period when the baby's major organs, including the heart, are forming. Rubella virus can cause congenital defects, including ventriculoseptal cardiac defect, if the mother is infected during this critical period of organ development.Rate this question:
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- 8.
The process of gastrulation is first indicated by the formation of the
- A.
Prechordal plate
- B.
Cloacal membrane
- C.
Primitive streak
- D.
Neural tube
- E.
Somites
Correct Answer
C. Primitive streakExplanation
During gastrulation, the primitive streak is formed, which is the first indication of this process. The primitive streak is a structure that forms in the early embryo and marks the beginning of gastrulation. It is a groove-like structure that forms on the surface of the embryo and serves as a site for cell migration and differentiation. The cells that move through the primitive streak give rise to the three germ layers - ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm - which eventually give rise to all the tissues and organs of the body. Therefore, the formation of the primitive streak is a crucial step in the process of gastrulation.Rate this question:
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- 9.
A 26 year old woman experiences episodes of bright red vaginal bleeding at week 28, week 32 and week 34 of pregnancy. The bleeding spontaneously subsided each time. Using ultrasound, the placenta is located in the lower right portion of the uterus over the internal os. What is the diagnosis?
- A.
Hydatidiform mole
- B.
Premature rupture of the amniotic membrane
- C.
Placenta previa
- D.
Toxemia of pregnancy
- E.
Vasa previa
Correct Answer
C. Placenta previaExplanation
The correct diagnosis in this case is placenta previa. Placenta previa occurs when the placenta is located in the lower portion of the uterus, covering or partially covering the cervix. This can cause episodes of bright red vaginal bleeding, especially in the third trimester of pregnancy. The fact that the bleeding subsided each time indicates that it was not due to a hydatidiform mole or premature rupture of the amniotic membrane. Toxemia of pregnancy, also known as preeclampsia, is characterized by high blood pressure and organ damage, and is not related to vaginal bleeding. Vasa previa is a condition where fetal blood vessels cross or run near the cervix, but it does not involve the location of the placenta.Rate this question:
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- 10.
True or false? Intraembryonic mesoderm is located between the endoderm and ectoderm at the buccopharyngeal membrane but not the cloacal membrane.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
The correct answer is False. Intraembryonic mesoderm is located between the endoderm and ectoderm at both the buccopharyngeal membrane and the cloacal membrane.Rate this question:
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- 11.
A newborn presents with craniofacial abnormalities and a cardiac defect involving the outflow tract of the heart. Why are you not surprised?
- A.
Paraxial mesoderm contributes to formation of both areas
- B.
HOX genes contribute to both areas and could be involved
- C.
Body folding is important for both areas and may produce combined defects
- D.
The mother took fertility drugs
- E.
Neural crest cells contribute greatly to development of both regions
Correct Answer
E. Neural crest cells contribute greatly to development of both regionsExplanation
Neural crest cells are a type of embryonic cells that migrate and contribute to the development of various structures in the body, including both the craniofacial region and the outflow tract of the heart. Therefore, it is not surprising to see craniofacial abnormalities and a cardiac defect involving the outflow tract of the heart in a newborn when neural crest cells are involved in their development.Rate this question:
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- 12.
Which of the following is NOT derived from ectoderm?
- A.
Epidermis
- B.
Enamel of teeth
- C.
Dermis of skin
- D.
Forebrain
- E.
Mammary gland
Correct Answer
C. Dermis of skinExplanation
The dermis of the skin is derived from the mesoderm, not the ectoderm. The ectoderm gives rise to the epidermis, enamel of teeth, forebrain, and mammary gland. The dermis is the layer of skin beneath the epidermis, and it is derived from the mesoderm during embryonic development.Rate this question:
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- 13.
If an embryo failed to form the mesoderm germ layer which of the following would not develop?
- A.
Hindbrain
- B.
Schwann cells
- C.
Aorta
- D.
Intestinal epithelia
- E.
Nails
Correct Answer
C. AortaExplanation
If an embryo failed to form the mesoderm germ layer, the aorta would not develop. The mesoderm germ layer gives rise to various structures including the cardiovascular system, which includes the aorta. Therefore, without the mesoderm germ layer, the development of the aorta would be affected.Rate this question:
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- 14.
Where do ectopic pregnancies most often occur?
- A.
Ovary
- B.
Mesentery of the intestine
- C.
Abdomen
- D.
Ampullae region of uterine tube
- E.
Isthmus region of uterine tube
Correct Answer
D. Ampullae region of uterine tubeExplanation
Ectopic pregnancies most often occur in the ampullae region of the uterine tube. This is because the ampullae region is the widest and longest part of the uterine tube, providing enough space for the fertilized egg to implant and grow. Ectopic pregnancies occur when the fertilized egg implants outside of the uterus, and the ampullae region is a common site for this to happen.Rate this question:
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- 15.
Which of the following will form the lens of the eye?
- A.
Lateral plate mesoderm
- B.
Ectoderm
- C.
Neural crest cells
- D.
Endoderm
- E.
Intermediate mesoderm
Correct Answer
B. EctodermExplanation
The lens of the eye is formed from the ectoderm. During embryonic development, a portion of the ectoderm called the lens placode invaginates to form the lens vesicle. This vesicle then differentiates into the lens of the eye. The other options listed do not contribute to the formation of the lens.Rate this question:
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- 16.
Splitting of the lateral plate mesoderm forms the
- A.
Somites
- B.
Paraxial and intermediate mesoderm
- C.
Yolk sac cavity
- D.
Intraembryonic cavity
- E.
Amniotic cavity
Correct Answer
D. Intraembryonic cavityExplanation
During embryonic development, the lateral plate mesoderm splits into two layers, forming the intraembryonic cavity. This cavity is located between the ectoderm and endoderm and eventually gives rise to various structures such as the cardiovascular system, connective tissues, and the lining of the body cavities. The splitting of the lateral plate mesoderm is a crucial step in the formation of the embryo and allows for the proper development and differentiation of different tissues and organs.Rate this question:
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- 17.
Where are melanocytes derived from?
- A.
Mesoderm
- B.
Mesenchyme
- C.
Ectoderm
- D.
Neural crest cells
- E.
Dermis
Correct Answer
D. Neural crest cellsExplanation
Melanocytes are derived from neural crest cells. During embryonic development, neural crest cells migrate from the neural tube and give rise to various cell types, including melanocytes. These cells are responsible for producing and distributing the pigment melanin, which gives color to the skin, hair, and eyes. The other options, mesoderm, mesenchyme, ectoderm, and dermis, are not the direct sources of melanocytes.Rate this question:
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- 18.
What portion of the blastocyst will give rise to the embryo?
- A.
Cytotrophoblast
- B.
Outer cell mass
- C.
Endoderm
- D.
Inner cell mass
- E.
Ectoderm
Correct Answer
D. Inner cell massExplanation
The inner cell mass of the blastocyst will give rise to the embryo. This inner cell mass contains pluripotent cells that have the ability to differentiate into the three primary germ layers: ectoderm, endoderm, and mesoderm. These germ layers will eventually give rise to all the different tissues and organs of the developing embryo. The outer cell mass, known as the trophoblast, will differentiate into the placenta and other supporting structures.Rate this question:
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- 19.
Where are the excretory units of the urinary system derived from?
- A.
Endoderm
- B.
Lateral plate mesoderm
- C.
Ectoderm
- D.
Splanchnic mesoderm
- E.
Intermediate mesoderm
Correct Answer
E. Intermediate mesodermExplanation
The excretory units of the urinary system, which include the kidneys and the ureters, are derived from the intermediate mesoderm. During embryonic development, the intermediate mesoderm gives rise to the urogenital system, which includes the urinary system. This process involves the formation of the nephrogenic cord, which later differentiates into the nephrons, the functional units of the kidneys. Therefore, the correct answer is intermediate mesoderm.Rate this question:
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- 20.
A sacrococcygeal teratoma is a tumor that arises from remnants of the
- A.
Neural plate
- B.
Cloacal membrane
- C.
Posterior neuropore
- D.
Primitive streak
- E.
Notochord
Correct Answer
D. Primitive streakExplanation
A sacrococcygeal teratoma is a tumor that arises from remnants of the primitive streak. The primitive streak is a structure that forms during early embryonic development and plays a crucial role in organizing the cells that will give rise to the different tissues and organs of the body. In some cases, cells from the primitive streak can become displaced and form a tumor, which is known as a sacrococcygeal teratoma.Rate this question:
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- 21.
The amniotic cavity appears on the eighth day as a slit-like space between the trophoblast and the
- A.
Extraembryonic mesoderm
- B.
Embryoblast
- C.
Exocoelomic membrane
- D.
Connecting stalk
- E.
Chorion
Correct Answer
B. EmbryoblastExplanation
The amniotic cavity appears on the eighth day as a slit-like space between the trophoblast and the embryoblast. The embryoblast is the inner cell mass of the blastocyst that will develop into the embryo. It is surrounded by the trophoblast, which will give rise to the placenta. The amniotic cavity is a fluid-filled space that forms within the embryoblast and eventually becomes the protective amniotic sac surrounding the developing embryo.Rate this question:
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Aug 21, 2023Quiz Edited by
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Dec 06, 2011Quiz Created by
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