Digestia LA Mamifere

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  • 1/44 întrebări

    Stomacul produce:

    • Bilă
    • Salivă
    • Suc gastric
    • Suc pancreatic
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Digestia LA Mamifere - Quiz
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  • 2. 

    La mamifere, ficatul şi pancreasul aparţin sistemului:

    • Circulator

    • Respirator

    • Excretor

    • Digestiv

    Correct Answer
    A. Digestiv
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "digestiv" because the question asks which system the mammal, liver, and pancreas belong to. The liver and pancreas are both organs involved in the process of digestion, while a mammal is a type of animal that has a digestive system. Therefore, the correct answer is the digestive system.

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  • 3. 

    La om, organul situat în partea dreaptă a abdomenului, sub muşchiul diafragmă este................................

    Correct Answer
    ficatul
    ficat
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "ficatul". The question is asking for the organ located in the right part of the abdomen, below the diaphragm. The correct answer is the liver, which is an essential organ responsible for detoxification, metabolism, and production of bile.

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  • 4. 

    Incisivii taie hrana şi funcţionează prin forfecare.

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. True
    Explanation
    The statement suggests that incisors cut food and work by using a scissor-like motion. This is true as incisors are the sharp, front teeth that are used for biting and cutting food. They have a flat, straight edge that allows them to slice through food effectively, similar to the action of a pair of scissors. Therefore, the given answer "True" is correct.

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  • 5. 

    Stomacul rumegătoarelor este format din ierbar, ciur, foios şi ...................................

    Correct Answer
    cheag
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "cheag." The question is asking for the component of the rumen of ruminants, which is a part of their stomach. The rumen is made up of "ierbar" (grass), "ciur" (chaff), "foios" (leaves), and "cheag" (curd).

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  • 6. 

    Din bilă lipsesc:

    • Enzimele

    • Pigmenţii biliari

    • Sărurile biliare

    • Sărurile minerale

    Correct Answer
    A. Enzimele
    Explanation
    Enzymes are missing from the bile. Bile is a digestive fluid produced by the liver and stored in the gallbladder. It plays a crucial role in the digestion and absorption of fats in the small intestine. Enzymes in the bile help break down fats into smaller molecules, making them easier to digest and absorb. Without enzymes, the digestion and absorption of fats would be impaired, leading to potential digestive issues and nutrient deficiencies. Therefore, the absence of enzymes in the bile would have a negative impact on the overall digestive process.

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  • 7. 

    Nu conţine enzime:

    • Bila

    • Saliva

    • Sucul gastric

    • Sucul pancreatic

    Correct Answer
    A. Bila
    Explanation
    Bile is a digestive fluid produced by the liver and stored in the gallbladder. It plays a crucial role in the digestion and absorption of fats. However, bile itself does not contain any enzymes. Instead, it helps in the emulsification and breakdown of fats, allowing enzymes from other digestive juices like pancreatic juice to efficiently digest and absorb fats in the small intestine.

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  • 8. 

    Duodenul este un segment al:

    • Esofagului

    • Faringelui

    • Intestinului gros

    • Intestinului subţire

    Correct Answer
    A. Intestinului subţire
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "intestinului subţire". The question asks for the segment of the digestive system, and the duodenum is a part of the small intestine. It is the first segment of the small intestine, connecting to the stomach and playing a crucial role in the digestion and absorption of nutrients.

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  • 9. 

    În stomac, digestia chimică a proteinelor este realizată de:

    • Bilă

    • Salivă

    • Sucul gastric

    • Sucul pancreatic

    Correct Answer
    A. Sucul gastric
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "sucul gastric." In the stomach, the chemical digestion of proteins is carried out by gastric juice, which is produced by the gastric glands in the stomach lining. Gastric juice contains hydrochloric acid and enzymes like pepsin, which break down proteins into smaller peptides. This process is essential for the absorption and utilization of proteins by the body. Bile is produced by the liver and aids in the digestion and absorption of fats. Saliva is produced by the salivary glands and helps in the initial breakdown of carbohydrates. Pancreatic juice, produced by the pancreas, contains enzymes that further break down carbohydrates, proteins, and fats in the small intestine.

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  • 10. 

    Bila este secretată de:

    • Ficat

    • Pancreas

    • Ovar

    • Vezica biliară

    Correct Answer
    A. Ficat
    Explanation
    Bila este secretată de ficat. (Bile is secreted by the liver.)

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  • 11. 

    La rumegătoare în ierbar se găsesc bacterii simbionte care descompun peretele celular celulozic al celulelor vegetale.

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. True
    Explanation
    The statement is true because rumen bacteria in herbivores' digestive systems have a symbiotic relationship with the host, helping to break down the cellulose cell walls of plant cells. This allows the host to extract nutrients from the plant material that would otherwise be indigestible.

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  • 12. 

    Stomacul comunică cu duodenul prin:

    • Cardia

    • Faringe

    • Laringe

    • Orificiul piloric

    Correct Answer
    A. Orificiul piloric
    Explanation
    The stomach communicates with the duodenum through the orificiul piloric. This opening, located at the lower end of the stomach, allows the partially digested food to pass from the stomach into the small intestine. The orificiul piloric is surrounded by a ring of muscles called the pyloric sphincter, which controls the flow of food into the duodenum and prevents backflow into the stomach.

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  • 13. 

    Acidul clorhidric:

    • Este prezent în sucul gastric

    • Emulsionează grăsimile

    • Hidrolizează aminoacizii

    • Neutralizează aciditatea din stomac

    Correct Answer
    A. Este prezent în sucul gastric
    Explanation
    Acidul clorhidric este prezent în sucul gastric.

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  • 14. 

    Intestinul subţire este cel mai lung la:

    • Carnivore

    • Erbivore

    • Insectivore

    • Omnivore

    Correct Answer
    A. Erbivore
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "erbivore" because herbivores primarily eat plant material, which is more difficult to digest and requires a longer digestive tract. The small intestine is responsible for absorbing nutrients from food, and in herbivores, it needs to be longer to allow for more efficient digestion and absorption of nutrients from plant matter. Carnivores, insectivores, and omnivores have shorter small intestines as they primarily consume animal-based foods, which are easier to digest and require less time for nutrient absorption.

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  • 15. 

    La om, organul localizat în partea dreaptă a cavităţii abdominale, sub bolta diafragmatică este:

    • Stomacul

    • Pancreasul

    • Ficatul

    • Duodenul

    Correct Answer
    A. Ficatul
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "ficatul" (the liver). The liver is an organ located in the right side of the abdominal cavity, beneath the diaphragm. It is responsible for various functions such as detoxification, metabolism of nutrients, production of bile, and storage of vitamins and minerals.

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  • 16. 

    Aparţine sistemelor digestiv şi respirator:

    • Cavitatea nazală

    • Esofagul

    • Faringele

    • Laringele

    Correct Answer
    A. Faringele
    Explanation
    The pharynx belongs to both the digestive and respiratory systems. It is a muscular tube that connects the nasal and oral cavities to the esophagus and larynx. In the digestive system, the pharynx plays a role in swallowing food and directing it towards the esophagus. In the respiratory system, it serves as a passage for air to travel from the nasal and oral cavities to the larynx and trachea. Therefore, the pharynx is an organ that is part of both the digestive and respiratory systems.

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  • 17. 

    Ficatul:

    • Este localizat sub diafragm

    • Se situează inferior faţă de intestinul gros

    • Intră în alcătuirea tubului digestiv

    • Participă la digestie prin secreţia unui suc acid

    Correct Answer
    A. Este localizat sub diafragm
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "este localizat sub diafragm." This means that the liver is located below the diaphragm. The liver is an organ located in the upper right side of the abdomen, beneath the diaphragm. It plays an important role in the digestive process by producing bile, which helps break down fats, and also detoxifies various substances in the body.

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  • 18. 

    Aparţine sucului gastric enzima:

    • Tripsina

    • Pepsina

    • Lactaza

    • Amilaza

    Correct Answer
    A. Pepsina
    Explanation
    The correct answer is pepsina. Pepsin is an enzyme that is found in the gastric juice of the stomach. It is responsible for breaking down proteins into smaller peptides. Lactase is an enzyme that breaks down lactose, amylase breaks down starch, and tripsin breaks down proteins in the small intestine. However, pepsin is specifically found in the gastric juice, making it the correct answer.

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  • 19. 

    Pigmenţii biliari:

    • Hidrolizează proteinele

    • Emulsionează grăsimile

    • Intră în compoziţia bilei

    • Se găsesc în sucul gastric

    Correct Answer
    A. Intră în compoziţia bilei
    Explanation
    Pigmenţii biliari intră în compoziţia bilei. Bila este un lichid produs de ficat și stocat în vezica biliară, care ajută la digestia grăsimilor din alimente. Pigmenţii biliari sunt substanțe colorate care se formează în ficat prin descompunerea hemoglobinei din globulele roșii vechi. Acești pigmenți sunt apoi secretați în intestinul subțire prin intermediul bilei, unde contribuie la emulsionarea grăsimilor și la absorbția acestora în organism.

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  • 20. 

    Sucurile digestive care acţionează la nivelul intestinului subţire sunt: sucul pancreatic,................................. şi sucul intestinal.

    Correct Answer
    bila
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "bila". Bile is a digestive juice that is produced in the liver and stored in the gallbladder. It is released into the small intestine to help break down fats and aid in the absorption of nutrients. Bile contains bile salts, which emulsify fats, making them easier to digest. Without bile, the digestion and absorption of fats would be impaired.

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  • 21. 

    Amilaza acţionează la nivelul:

    • Intestinului subţire

    • Ficatului

    • Intestinului gros

    • Colonului

    Correct Answer
    A. Intestinului subţire
    Explanation
    Amilaza acţionează la nivelul intestinului subţire. Aceasta este o enzimă produsă de pancreas și este responsabilă pentru descompunerea carbohidraților în molecule mai mici, cum ar fi glucoza. Intestinul subţire este locul principal de absorbție a nutrienților în organism, iar prezența amilazei în acest organ ajută la descompunerea carbohidraților și la asigurarea absorției adecvate a acestora în sânge.

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  • 22. 

    Nutrimente care rezultă din digestia lipidelor sunt:

    • Acizii graşi

    • Aminoacizii

    • Glucoza

    • Peptidele

    Correct Answer
    A. Acizii graşi
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "acizii graşi" (fatty acids). This is because lipids are digested into smaller components called fatty acids, which can then be absorbed and used by the body for energy production. Fatty acids are an essential component of a healthy diet and play a crucial role in various bodily functions, including hormone production, cell membrane structure, and insulation of organs.

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  • 23. 

    Amilaza acţionează la nivelul:

    • Cavităţii bucale

    • Ficatului

    • Intestinului gros

    • Colonului

    Correct Answer
    A. Cavităţii bucale
    Explanation
    Amilaza acționează la nivelul cavității bucale. Amilaza este o enzimă digestivă secretată de glandele salivare și are rolul de a descompune carbohidrații în molecule mai mici, cum ar fi glucoza. Prin acțiunea sa în cavitatea bucală, amilaza începe procesul de digestie a carbohidraților înainte ca aceștia să ajungă în stomac și intestinul subțire.

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  • 24. 

    Faringele este un tub flexibil care face legătura între esofag şi stomac.

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. False
    Explanation
    Esofagul este un tub flexibil care face legătura între faringe şi stomac.

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  • 25. 

    La om, organul situat în partea stângă a abdomenului, sub muşchiul diafragmă este................................

    Correct Answer
    stomacul
    stomac
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "stomacul". The question asks for the organ located in the left part of the abdomen, below the diaphragm. The organ that fits this description is the stomach.

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  • 26. 

    Nutrimentele rezultate din digestia a proteinelor sunt:

    • Acizii graşi

    • Aminoacizii

    • Glicerolul

    • Monozaharidele

    Correct Answer
    A. Aminoacizii
    Explanation
    The correct answer is aminoacizii. Nutrients resulting from the digestion of proteins are amino acids.

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  • 27. 

    La nivelul tubului digestiv la mamifere:

    • Esofagul este cale digestivă şi respiratorie

    • Stomacul fitofagelor este mic

    • Intestinul gros începe cu colonul

    • Duodenul este prima regiune a intestinului subţire

    Correct Answer
    A. Duodenul este prima regiune a intestinului subţire
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "duodenul este prima regiune a intestinului subţire" (the duodenum is the first region of the small intestine). In the digestive system of mammals, the duodenum is the initial part of the small intestine where the partially digested food from the stomach enters. It is responsible for receiving digestive enzymes from the pancreas and bile from the liver to further break down the food and absorb nutrients. The duodenum plays a crucial role in the digestion and absorption of nutrients in the body.

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  • 28. 

    Orificiul prin care bolul alimentar trece în timpul deglutiţiei din esofag în stomac este.....................................

    Correct Answer
    cardia
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "cardia." The cardia is the opening through which the food bolus passes during swallowing from the esophagus into the stomach. It is located at the junction of the esophagus and the stomach and is responsible for preventing the backflow of stomach acid into the esophagus.

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  • 29. 

    Procesul prin care particulele nutritive solide sunt capturate cu ajutorul pseudopodelor şi apoi sunt înglobate în citoplasmă se numeşte........................................

    Correct Answer
    fagocitoză
    fagocitoza
    Explanation
    The correct answer for this question is "fagocitoză" or "fagocitoza". This process refers to the capture of solid nutrient particles using pseudopods and their subsequent engulfment into the cytoplasm.

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  • 30. 

    Rumegătoarele înghit hrana nemestecată care ajunge în ..........................................

    Correct Answer
    ierbar
  • 31. 

    Digestia chimică a proteinelor începe în:

    • Cavitatea bucală

    • Stomac

    • Intestinul subţire

    • Intestinul gros

    Correct Answer
    A. Stomac
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "stomac." Digestia chimică a proteinelor începe în stomac. In stomac, enzima pepsina este secretată și ajută la descompunerea proteinelor în peptide mai mici. Aceasta este prima etapă a digestiei proteinelor în tractul digestiv.

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  • 32. 

    Digestia proteinelor începe în stomac sub acţiunea tripsinei.

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. False
    Explanation
    Digestia proteinelor începe în stomac sub acţiunea pepsinei.

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  • 33. 

    Absorbţia nutrimentelor are loc în:

    • Cavitatea bucală

    • Stomac

    • Intestinul subţire

    • Intestinul gros

    Correct Answer
    A. Intestinul subţire
    Explanation
    The absorption of nutrients occurs in the small intestine. This is where the majority of digestion takes place, and the small intestine is specifically adapted for nutrient absorption. It has a large surface area due to the presence of villi and microvilli, which increase the absorption capacity. The small intestine also contains specialized cells called enterocytes that are responsible for absorbing nutrients such as carbohydrates, proteins, and fats.

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  • 34. 

    Din enzimele produse de pancreasul exocrin:

    • Tripsina este o enzimă proteolitică

    • Lipazele pancreatice generează aminoacizi

    • Amilaza pancreatică atacă proteinele

    • Sărurile biliare emulsionează glucidele

    Correct Answer
    A. Tripsina este o enzimă proteolitică
    Explanation
    Tripsina este o enzimă proteolitică deoarece are capacitatea de a descompune proteinele în peptide mai mici și aminoacizi, prin procesul de hidroliză. Aceasta este produsă de pancreasul exocrin și este esențială în digestia proteinelor din alimente.

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  • 35. 

    Nutrimentele rezultate din digestia glucidelor sunt:

    • Acizii graşi

    • Aminoacizii

    • Glicerolul

    • Monozaharidele

    Correct Answer
    A. Monozaharidele
    Explanation
    The correct answer is monozaharidele. Monozaharidele refer to monosaccharides, which are the simplest form of carbohydrates. They are the end product of carbohydrate digestion and can be easily absorbed by the body. Examples of monosaccharides include glucose, fructose, and galactose.

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  • 36. 

    Este suc digestiv:

    • Amilaza

    • Bila

    • Lactaza

    • Pepsina

    Correct Answer
    A. Bila
    Explanation
    Bile is a digestive juice produced by the liver and stored in the gallbladder. It helps in the breakdown and absorption of fats in the small intestine. Bile contains bile acids, which emulsify fats and make them easier to digest. It also helps in the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins. Therefore, bile is an important component of the digestive process.

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  • 37. 

    Orificiul prin care alimentele parţial digerate sunt evacuate spre duoden este.................................

    Correct Answer
    pilor
    Ori O orificiul piloric
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "pilor, orificiul piloric". The question is asking for the orifice through which partially digested food is evacuated towards the duodenum. The term "pilor" refers to the pylorus, which is the opening between the stomach and the small intestine. This is where the partially digested food passes through to continue the digestion process in the duodenum.

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  • 38. 

    La nivelul intestinului subţire:

    • Aminoacizii sunt transformaţi în proteine

    • Enzimele bilei degradează acizii graşi şi glicerina

    • Se formează materiile fecale

    • Alimentele sunt supuse acţiunii sucului pancreatic

    Correct Answer
    A. Alimentele sunt supuse acţiunii sucului pancreatic
    Explanation
    In the small intestine, the food is subjected to the action of pancreatic juice. This juice contains enzymes that help break down carbohydrates, proteins, and fats into smaller molecules that can be easily absorbed by the body. This process is essential for the digestion and absorption of nutrients from the food we consume.

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  • 39. 

    Digestia glucidelor începe în stomac sub acţiunea enzimelor glicolitice din sucul gastric.

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. False
    Explanation
    Digestia glucidelor începe în cavitatea bucală. Sucul gastric nu conţine enzime glicolitice.

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  • 40. 

    Nutrimentele rezultate din digestia amidonului sunt:

    • Acizi graşi

    • Aminoacizi

    • Monozaharide

    • Peptide

    Correct Answer
    A. Monozaharide
    Explanation
    The correct answer is monozaharide because during the digestion of starch, it is broken down into individual sugar molecules called monosaccharides. These monosaccharides, such as glucose, fructose, and galactose, can be easily absorbed by the body and used as a source of energy.

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  • 41. 

    La nivelul stomacului mamiferelor:

    • Acţionează enzimele pancreatice

    • Se varsă bila

    • Se obţin produşii finali ai unor lipide

    • Sunt hidrolizate glucidele

    Correct Answer
    A. Se obţin produşii finali ai unor lipide
    Explanation
    At the level of the mammalian stomach, the final products of some lipids are obtained. This suggests that the digestion and breakdown of lipids occur in the stomach, leading to the formation of the end products.

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  • 42. 

    Lipaza gastrică emulsionează lipidele.

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. False
    Explanation
    Lipaza gastrică hidrolizează lipidele emulsionate.

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  • 43. 

    Glandele gastrice secretă:

    • Bilă

    • Enzime glicolitice

    • Enzime proteolitice

    • Suc intestinal

    Correct Answer
    A. Enzime proteolitice
    Explanation
    The gastric glands secrete proteolytic enzymes, which are enzymes that break down proteins. These enzymes are important for the digestion of proteins in the stomach.

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  • 44. 

    Glucidele sunt:

    • Absorbite sub formă de aminoacizi la vertebrate

    • Degradate enzimatic în stomacul vertebratelor

    • Depozitate în mitocondriile din celula vegetală

    • Sintetizate în procesul fotosintezei la plante

    Correct Answer
    A. Sintetizate în procesul fotosintezei la plante
    Explanation
    Glucidele sunt sintetizate în procesul fotosintezei la plante. Acest proces are loc în cloroplastele celulelor vegetale, unde energia luminoasă este utilizată pentru a converti dioxidul de carbon și apa în glucoză și oxigen. Glucoza este apoi folosită de plante pentru a produce energie și pentru a construi alte molecule organice necesare pentru creștere și dezvoltare. Prin urmare, sinteza glucidelor este un proces esențial pentru plante și are loc în timpul fotosintezei.

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