Do You Know About This Rare Disease? Diabetes Insipidus

20 Questions | By Rnpedia | Updated: Nov 15, 2022 | Attempts: 6447

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Do You Know About This Rare Disease? Diabetes Insipidus - Quiz

Diabetes insipidus is a rare condition that causes your body to make a lot of urine that is "insipid," or colorless and odorless. Most people pee out 1 to 2 quarts a day. People with diabetes insipidus can pass between 3 and 20 quarts a day. Do You Know About This Rare Disease? Diabetes Insipidus

Questions and Answers

1.

A male client with primary diabetes insipidus is ready for discharge on desmopressin (DDAVP). Which instruction should nurse Lina provide?
- A.
  
  “Administer desmopressin while the suspension is cold.”
- B.
  
  “Your condition isn’t chronic, so you won’t need to wear a medical identification bracelet.”
- C.
  
  “You may not be able to use desmopressin nasally if you have nasal discharge or blockage.”
- D.
  
  “You won’t need to monitor your fluid intake and output after you start taking desmopressin.”
2.

A 67-year-old male client has been complaining of sleeping more, increased urination, anorexia, weakness, irritability, depression, and bone pain that interferes with her going outdoors. Based on these assessment findings, nurse Richard would suspect which of the following disorders?
- A.
  
  Diabetes mellitus
- B.
  
  Diabetes insipidus
- C.
  
  Hypoparathyroidism
- D.
  
  Hyperparathyroidism
3.

When caring for a male client with diabetes insipidus, nurse Juliet expects to administer:
- A.
  
  Vasopressin (Pitressin Synthetic).
- B.
  
  Furosemide (Lasix).
- C.
  
  Regular insulin.
- D.
  
  10% dextrose.
4.

Nurse Louie is developing a teaching plan for a male client diagnosed with diabetes insipidus. The nurse should include information about which hormone lacking in clients with diabetes insipidus?
- A.
  
  Antidiuretic hormone (ADH).
- B.
  
  Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH).
- C.
  
  Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH).
- D.
  
  Luteinizing hormone (LH).
5.

Which outcome indicates that treatment of a male client with diabetes insipidus has been effective?
- A.
  
  Fluid intake is less than 2,500 ml/day.
- B.
  
  Urine output measures more than 200 ml/hour.
- C.
  
  Blood pressure is 90/50 mm Hg.
- D.
  
  The heart rate is 126 beats/minute.
6.

Cyrill with severe head trauma sustained in a car accident is admitted to the intensive care unit. Thirty-six hours later, the client's urine output suddenly rises above 200 ml/hour, leading the nurse to suspect diabetes insipidus. Which laboratory findings support the nurse's suspicion of diabetes insipidus?
- A.
  
  Above-normal urine and serum osmolality levels
- B.
  
  Below-normal urine and serum osmolality levels
- C.
  
  Above-normal urine osmolality level, below-normal serum osmolality level
- D.
  
  Below-normal urine osmolality level, above-normal serum osmolality level
7.

The client with a history of diabetes insipidus is admitted with polyuria, polydipsia, and mental confusion. The priority intervention for this client is:
- A.
  
  Measure the urinary output
- B.
  
  Check the vital signs
- C.
  
  Encourage increased fluid intake
- D.
  
  Weigh the client
8.

A client is suspected of developing diabetes insipidus. Which of the following is the most effective assessment?
- A.
  
  Taking vital signs every 4 hours
- B.
  
  Monitoring blood glucose
- C.
  
  Assessing ABG values every other day
- D.
  
  Measuring urine output hourly
9.

You are preparing a 24-year-old patient with diabetes insipidus (DI) for discharge from the hospital. Which statement indicates that the patient needs additional teaching?
- A.
  
  “I will drink fluids equal to the amount of my urine output.”
- B.
  
  “I will weigh myself every day using the same scale.”
- C.
  
  “I will wear my medical alert bracelet at all times.”
- D.
  
  “I will gradually wean myself off the vasopressin.”
10.

Adequate fluid replacement and vasopressin replacement are objectives of therapy for which of the following disease processes?
- A.
  
  Diabetes mellitus.
- B.
  
  Diabetes insipidus.
- C.
  
  Diabetic ketoacidosis.
- D.
  
  Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH).
11.

A priority nursing diagnostic for a client admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of diabetes insipidus is:
- A.
  
  Sleep pattern deprivation related nocturia
- B.
  
  Activity intolerance r/t muscle weakness
- C.
  
  Fluid volume excess r/t intake greater that output
- D.
  
  Risk for impaired skin integrity r/t generalized edema
12.

The nurse is assessing a postcraniotomy client and finds the urine output from a catheter is 1500 ml for the 1st hour and the same for the 2nd hour. The nurse should suspect:
- A.
  
  Cushing’s syndrome
- B.
  
  Diabetes mellitus
- C.
  
  Adrenal crisis
- D.
  
  Diabetes insipidus
13.

A client with diabetes insipidus is taking Desmopressin acetate (DDAVP). To determine if the drug is effective, the nurse should monitor the client’s:
- A.
  
  Arterial blood pH
- B.
  
  Pulse rate
- C.
  
  Serum glucose
- D.
  
  Intake and output
14.

1) What drugs antagonize the effects of ADH on the renal tubules, and thus could causenephrogenic diabetes insipidus?
- A.
  
  Bromocryptine and cabergoline
- B.
  
  Hydrochlorothiazide and furosemide
- C.
  
  Cimetidine and verapamil
- D.
  
  Lithium and demeclocycline
- E.
  
  Acetaminophen and isoniazid
15.

What electrolyte abnormalities can cause diabetes insipidus?
- A.
  
  Hypercalcemia and hyperkalemia
- B.
  
  Hypercalcemia and hypokalemia
- C.
  
  Hypocalcemia and hyperkalemia
- D.
  
  Hypocalcemia and hypokalemia
16.

Damage to what organ would cause central diabetes insipidus?
- A.
  
  Kidneys
- B.
  
  Hypothalamus
- C.
  
  Thyroid
- D.
  
  Parathyroid
- E.
  
  Pituitary
17.

What are the typical presenting signs of diabetes insipidus?
- A.
  
  Hyperglycemia and polyuria
- B.
  
  Periorbital ecchymosis and blurred vision
- C.
  
  Polyuria and polydipsia
- D.
  
  Oliguria and hypoglycemia
- E.
  
  Weight gain and malaise
18.

Which of the following is most suggestive of psychogenic polydipsia, not diabetesinsipidus?
- A.
  
  Nocturia
- B.
  
  Constant symptoms
- C.
  
  24-hour urine output > 18L
- D.
  
  Plasma osmolarity > 295mOsm/kg
- E.
  
  Plasma osmolarity < 280mOsm/kg after a water deprivation test
19.

To confirm central diabetes insipidus, post-injection (desmopressin) urine osmolarityshould be what percentage of pre-injection osmolarity?
- A.
  
  < 50%
- B.
  
  < 75%
- C.
  
  100% (equal)
- D.
  
  > 125%
- E.
  
  > 150%
20.

The drug of choice for central diabetes insipidus is desmopressin (DDAVP). What isthis drug’s mechanism of action?
- A.
  
  Mimics vasopressin and increases kidney water reabsorption
- B.
  
  Blocks vasopressin and increases kidney water reabsorption
- C.
  
  Mimics vasopressin and increases kidney salt excretion
- D.
  
  Blocks vasopressin and increases kidney salt excretion