Peptic Ulcer MCQ Quiz Questions And Answers

Augmentin is an antibiotic medication that contains amoxicillin and clavulanic acid. It is commonly used to treat various bacterial infections. Augmentin does not directly contribute to the development of peptic ulcers. Peptic ulcers are primarily caused by factors such as the Helicobacter pylori bacteria, which can damage the lining of the stomach and small intestine, as well as the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and physiological stress. 

 Endoscopy is the best method for detecting peptic ulcers. It involves inserting a flexible tube with a camera on the end into the body to visually examine the digestive tract. This allows for a direct visualization of the ulcers, providing a more accurate diagnosis compared to other methods such as barium radiography, urea breath test, or abdominal CT.

The duodenum is the first part of the small intestine, and it is a common site for peptic ulcers. Peptic ulcers are open sores that develop on the inner lining of the stomach, upper part of the small intestine (duodenum), or, less commonly, the esophagus. The acid and pepsin in the stomach and duodenum can contribute to the development and aggravation of these ulcers.

Both gastric ulcers and H. pylori infection are highly associated with gastric malignancy. This means that individuals who have gastric ulcers or H. pylori infection are at an increased risk of developing gastric malignancy, which is a type of cancer that affects the stomach. Hence, this association suggests that these conditions may be risk factors for the development of gastric malignancy.

 Melena is a typical presentation of bleeding in PUD.It is a black, tarry stool that occurs as a result of upper gastrointestinal bleeding. The dark color of melena is due to the digestion of blood in the stomach and small intestine. On the other hand,clots, coffee grounds, and loose, runny stools are not specific to PUD-related bleeding and may be seen in other gastrointestinal conditions.

The complications of a peptic ulcer include GI bleeding and perforation. GI bleeding refers to bleeding in the gastrointestinal tract, which can be a serious and life-threatening complication of peptic ulcers. Perforation occurs when the ulcer creates a hole in the stomach or intestine, leading to leakage of stomach acid and bacteria into the abdominal cavity. This can cause severe pain and infection. Dysphagia, difficulty swallowing, and Barrett's esophagus, a condition where the lining of the esophagus changes, are not the direct complications of peptic ulcers.

The pain of peptic ulcer disease (PUD) is commonly described as a burning or gnawing sensation that is often felt in the upper abdomen, radiating to the back. This type of pain is typically caused by the stomach acid irritating the lining of the stomach or duodenum.

When HP (Helicobacter pylori) is the cause of peptic ulcer disease (PUD), the most effective way to eradicate the ulcer is through combination treatment. This usually involves a combination of antibiotics, acid-suppressing medications, and sometimes bismuth sub-salicylate. Treatment aims to eliminate the H. pylori bacteria and reduce the production of stomach acid, allowing the ulcer to heal. Only medication may help manage symptoms, but they are not sufficient to eradicate the underlying cause of the ulcer.

 Combination therapy is the treatment for PUD in addition to discontinuing irritating factors. It typically involves the use of a proton pump inhibitor (PPI) to reduce stomach acid production, along with antibiotics such as amoxicillin and/or tetracycline to target the bacteria. Bismuth sub-salicylate may also be included in the combination therapy to help protect the stomach lining.

The correct answer is C. The chances of developing ulcer disease during a person's lifetime are estimated to be between 5 and 10 percent. It suggests that the risk of developing ulcer disease is relatively low.