Microbiology Trivia Quiz On Microorganisms!

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1/68 Questions

Growth is said to be __________ when all cellular components are synthesized at constant rates relative to one another.

About This Quiz

As we continue to cover every topic that is set out for us in the syllabus through quizzes that cover each chapter, we are now at chapter seven. In this chapter, we covered a lot on bacterial and archaeal cells. How much do you recall about the chapter? Take up the quiz below and get to find out. Good luck!

Microbiology Trivia Quiz On Microorganisms! - Quiz

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2.

Microbial __________ is an increase in cell constituents that may or may not be accompanied by an increase in cell number.

Explanation
Microbial growth refers to an increase in cell constituents, such as proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids, within a microorganism. This increase in cell constituents can occur with or without an increase in cell number. It is an essential process for microorganisms to reproduce and multiply.

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3.

The __________ __________ is the length of time it takes for a population of microorganisms to double in number. (2 words)

Explanation
The generation time refers to the time it takes for a population of microorganisms to double in number. It is a measure of the growth rate of the population and is influenced by various factors such as nutrient availability, temperature, and other environmental conditions. Understanding the generation time is important in fields such as microbiology and epidemiology, as it helps in predicting and controlling the growth of microorganisms.

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4.

The growth rate of a given species of microorganism is dependent on the composition of the medium in which it is grown.
- True
- False
Correct Answer

A. True

Explanation

The growth rate of a species of microorganism is influenced by the composition of the medium in which it is grown. This means that the nutrients, pH level, temperature, and other factors present in the medium can either promote or inhibit the growth of the microorganism. Therefore, it is true that the growth rate of a microorganism is dependent on the composition of the medium.

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5.

One of the major advantages of a continuous culture system is that the cells can be maintained in the exponential growth phase for extended periods of time.
- True
- False
Correct Answer

A. True

Explanation

A continuous culture system allows for the continuous supply of nutrients and removal of waste, which promotes the constant growth of cells. This system ensures that the cells are always in the exponential growth phase, where they are dividing rapidly and at their highest metabolic activity. By maintaining cells in this phase for extended periods of time, it allows for a higher yield of biomass or desired products to be produced.

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6.

Organisms that have their optimum growth pH between 5.5 and 8.0 are called __________.

Correct Answer
neutrophiles

Explanation
Neutrophiles are organisms that have their optimum growth pH between 5.5 and 8.0. This means they thrive in environments with a neutral pH level. They are able to maintain a stable internal pH within this range, allowing them to grow and reproduce efficiently. Neutrophiles include many common bacteria and fungi that are found in various habitats, including soil, water, and the human body.

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7.

The primary mechanism by which DNA is damaged by ultraviolet radiation involves the formation of thymine dimers.
- True
- False
Correct Answer

A. True

Explanation

Ultraviolet radiation can cause damage to DNA by forming thymine dimers. Thymine dimers occur when two adjacent thymine bases in the DNA strand become covalently bonded to each other, instead of being bonded to their complementary adenine bases. This abnormal bonding can disrupt the DNA structure and interfere with its replication and transcription processes. Therefore, the statement that the primary mechanism of DNA damage by ultraviolet radiation involves the formation of thymine dimers is true.

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8.

Complex microbial communities that grow tightly adhered to surfaces are called __________.

Correct Answer
biofilms

Explanation
Biofilms are complex microbial communities that grow tightly adhered to surfaces. They are composed of a variety of microorganisms, such as bacteria, fungi, and algae, that form a protective matrix of extracellular polymeric substances. This matrix provides structural support and helps the biofilm adhere to surfaces. Biofilms are commonly found in natural and man-made environments, including medical devices, pipes, and rocks. They can have both beneficial and harmful effects, as they can protect microorganisms from antibiotics and disinfectants, but also cause infections and damage to surfaces.

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9.

A common type of autoinducer found in gram-negative bacteria are acyl homoserine lactones (AHL).
- True
- False
Correct Answer

A. True

Explanation

Acyl homoserine lactones (AHL) are indeed a common type of autoinducer found in gram-negative bacteria. Autoinducers are signaling molecules that bacteria use to communicate and coordinate group behaviors. AHLs play a crucial role in regulating gene expression and controlling various processes such as biofilm formation, virulence, and quorum sensing in gram-negative bacteria. Therefore, the statement "A common type of autoinducer found in gram-negative bacteria are acyl homoserine lactones (AHL)" is true.

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10.

DNA of thermophiles is stabilized by binding of special nucleoid-associated proteins.
- True
- False
Correct Answer

A. True

Explanation

The DNA of thermophiles is stabilized by binding of special nucleoid-associated proteins. This is because thermophiles are organisms that thrive in high temperatures, and their DNA needs to be protected and stabilized in these extreme conditions. The binding of these special proteins helps to maintain the structure and integrity of the DNA, preventing denaturation and damage. Therefore, the statement that DNA of thermophiles is stabilized by binding of special nucleoid-associated proteins is true.

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11.

When a young, vigorously growing culture of bacteria is transferred to fresh medium of the same composition, the lag phase is usually short or absent.
- True
- False
Correct Answer

A. True

Explanation

When a young, vigorously growing culture of bacteria is transferred to fresh medium of the same composition, the lag phase is usually short or absent. This is because the bacteria are already adapted to the conditions of the medium and can immediately resume their growth without any delay or adjustment period. The absence of a lag phase indicates that the bacteria can quickly start utilizing the available nutrients and resources in the fresh medium, leading to rapid growth. Therefore, the statement "True" is correct.

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12.

Organisms that have their optimum growth pH between 0.0 and 5.5 are called __________.

Correct Answer
acidophiles

Explanation
Organisms that have their optimum growth pH between 0.0 and 5.5 are called acidophiles. Acidophiles are microorganisms that thrive in acidic environments and are able to tolerate and grow in low pH conditions. They have specific adaptations that allow them to survive and carry out their metabolic processes in highly acidic conditions. These organisms are often found in environments such as acidic soils, volcanic vents, and acid mine drainage sites.

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13.

Membranes of some thermophilic Archaea are stabilized by ether linked phospholipids.
- True
- False
Correct Answer

A. True

Explanation

The statement is true because membranes of some thermophilic Archaea are indeed stabilized by ether linked phospholipids. Unlike most other organisms, these Archaea have adapted to extreme heat environments and their membranes need to be more stable at high temperatures. Ether linked phospholipids have a unique structure that allows them to remain stable and functional at these extreme temperatures, making them suitable for thermophilic Archaea.

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14.

The length of the lag phase of growth can vary depending on
- The condition of the microorganisms
- The nature of the growth medium
- The temperature
- All of the choices
Correct Answer

A. All of the choices

Explanation

The length of the lag phase of growth can vary depending on the condition of the microorganisms, the nature of the growth medium, and the temperature. This means that all of these factors can influence the duration of the lag phase. The condition of the microorganisms refers to their health and vitality, which can affect their ability to start growing. The nature of the growth medium, such as its nutrient composition, can also impact the lag phase. Additionally, temperature can play a role, as different microorganisms have different optimal growth temperatures. Therefore, all of these choices can contribute to the length of the lag phase.

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15.

All bacterial and archaeal cells are diploid.
- True
- False
Correct Answer

A. False

Explanation

The statement that all bacterial and archaeal cells are diploid is false. Diploidy refers to having two copies of each chromosome, which is not the case for all bacterial and archaeal cells. Bacteria and archaea can have different types of genome organization, such as being haploid (having one copy of each chromosome) or polyploid (having multiple copies of each chromosome). Therefore, not all bacterial and archaeal cells are diploid.

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16.

The process of forming a cross wall between two daughter cells is known as
- Replication
- Septation
- Sporulation
- Mitosis
Correct Answer

A. Septation

Explanation

Septation is the process of forming a cross wall between two daughter cells. This occurs during cell division, specifically in bacteria and fungi. The cross wall, or septum, separates the two daughter cells and allows them to function as independent entities. Replication refers to the process of duplicating DNA, sporulation is the formation of spores, and mitosis is a type of cell division in eukaryotic cells.

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17.

Obligate anaerobes are usually poisoned by molecular oxygen but may grow in aerobic habitats if associated with facultative anaerobes that use up all available oxygen.
- True
- False
Correct Answer

A. True

Explanation

Obligate anaerobes are organisms that cannot survive in the presence of oxygen. They are usually poisoned by molecular oxygen. However, in aerobic habitats, they may still be able to grow if they are associated with facultative anaerobes. Facultative anaerobes are organisms that can survive in both the presence and absence of oxygen. When facultative anaerobes are present, they use up all the available oxygen, creating an oxygen-free environment for the obligate anaerobes to grow. Therefore, the statement is true.

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18.

Organisms that require high levels of sodium chloride in order to grow are called __________ organisms.

Correct Answer
halophilic

Explanation
Halophilic organisms are organisms that require high levels of sodium chloride (salt) in order to grow. They are able to tolerate and thrive in environments with high salt concentrations, such as salt lakes or salt pans. These organisms have adapted to survive in these extreme conditions by developing specialized mechanisms to maintain osmotic balance and protect themselves from the harmful effects of high salt concentrations.

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19.

The site at which replication of DNA starts in bacterial cells is known as the __________ of ___________. (answer, answer)

Correct Answer
origin, replication

Explanation
In bacterial cells, the site where replication of DNA begins is called the origin. This is where the replication process starts and DNA strands are unwound and separated. Replication refers to the process of copying DNA to produce two identical DNA molecules.

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20.

Organisms that are damaged by the normal atmospheric levels of oxygen (20%) but require oxygen at levels of 2–10% for growth are called
- Facultative anaerobes
- Microaerophiles
- Aerotolerant
- Anoxygenic
Correct Answer

A. Microaerophiles

Explanation

Microaerophiles are organisms that are damaged by the normal atmospheric levels of oxygen (20%) but require oxygen at levels of 2-10% for growth. They are able to survive and grow in environments with lower oxygen levels, but high levels of oxygen are harmful to them. This is why they are called microaerophiles.

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21.

Organisms that have their optimum growth pH between 8.5 and 11.5 are called _______.

Correct Answer
alkaliphiles

Explanation
Organisms that have their optimum growth pH between 8.5 and 11.5 are called alkaliphiles. Alkaliphiles are a type of extremophile that thrive in alkaline environments. These organisms have adapted to survive and grow in high pH conditions, which would be hostile to most other organisms. They have specialized mechanisms to maintain their internal pH balance and carry out their metabolic processes in alkaline conditions. Examples of alkaliphiles include certain bacteria, archaea, and some fungi.

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22.

Most bacterial and archaeal cells divide by
- Mitosis
- Meiosis
- Binary fission
- All of the above
Correct Answer

A. Binary fission

Explanation

Most bacterial and archaeal cells divide by binary fission. This is a form of asexual reproduction in which a single cell divides into two identical daughter cells. During binary fission, the cell's DNA replicates, and the two copies move to opposite ends of the cell. The cell then elongates and eventually divides into two separate cells. This process allows for rapid cell division and population growth in bacteria and archaea. Mitosis and meiosis, on the other hand, are processes of cell division in eukaryotic cells and are not applicable to bacterial and archaeal cells.

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23.

Organisms that do not require oxygen for growth but grow better in its presence are called
- Facultative anaerobes
- Microaerophiles
- Aerotolerant
- Anoxygenic
Correct Answer

A. Facultative anaerobes

Explanation

Facultative anaerobes are organisms that can survive and grow in both the presence and absence of oxygen. While they can utilize oxygen for growth, they are also capable of switching to anaerobic metabolism in the absence of oxygen. This flexibility allows them to adapt to different environmental conditions and utilize different energy sources. Therefore, facultative anaerobes can grow better in the presence of oxygen, but they are not dependent on it for survival.

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24.

If all cell components are synthesized at constant rates relative to one another, the culture is said to be in __________ growth; however, if the rates of synthesis of some components change relative to the rates of synthesis of other components, the culture is said to be in __________ growth. (answer, answer)

Correct Answer
balanced, unbalanced

Explanation
In a balanced growth culture, all cell components are synthesized at constant rates relative to one another. This means that the rates of synthesis of different components are proportional and in balance with each other. On the other hand, in an unbalanced growth culture, the rates of synthesis of some components change relative to the rates of synthesis of other components. This indicates an imbalance in the rates of synthesis, where some components are being synthesized at different rates compared to others.

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25.

When a microorganism is placed in a(n) __________ solution, water will enter into the cell and cause it to burst unless something is done to prevent this.
- Hypotonic
- Isotonic
- Hypertonic
- Osmotonic
Correct Answer

A. Hypotonic

Explanation

When a microorganism is placed in a hypotonic solution, water will enter into the cell due to osmosis. This is because the concentration of solutes outside the cell is lower than inside the cell. As water enters the cell, it causes an influx of water, leading to an increase in the volume of the cell. If nothing is done to prevent this, the cell will continue to swell and eventually burst.

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26.

Organisms that grow near deep-sea volcanic vents are likely to be
- Psychrophilic
- Psychrotrophic
- Mesophilic
- Thermophilic
Correct Answer

A. Thermophilic

Explanation

Organisms that grow near deep-sea volcanic vents are likely to be thermophilic because these vents release hot water and minerals, creating a high-temperature environment. Thermophilic organisms are adapted to thrive in extreme heat and can withstand temperatures that would be lethal to other organisms. They have specialized enzymes and proteins that are stable at high temperatures, allowing them to carry out their metabolic processes effectively. Therefore, it is reasonable to expect that the organisms near deep-sea volcanic vents would be thermophilic.

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27.

Cells may enter stationary phase because of
- The depletion of an essential nutrient
- A lack of available oxygen
- The accumulation of toxic waste products
- All of the choices
Correct Answer

A. All of the choices

Explanation

Cells may enter stationary phase because of the depletion of an essential nutrient, a lack of available oxygen, or the accumulation of toxic waste products. This means that any one of these factors can cause cells to stop growing and enter a state of dormancy.

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28.

Which of the following can be used to estimate the number of microorganisms in a culture?
- Direct counts of microbial cells
- Counts of viable cells using colony growth procedures
- Measurements of microbial biomass
- All of the choices
Correct Answer

A. All of the choices

Explanation

All of the choices can be used to estimate the number of microorganisms in a culture. Direct counts of microbial cells involve physically counting the individual cells under a microscope. Counts of viable cells using colony growth procedures involve counting the number of visible colonies that grow on agar plates, which represent viable cells. Measurements of microbial biomass involve quantifying the total mass or weight of the microorganisms in the culture.

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29.

During the lag phase of microbial growth, the cells are metabolically inactive.
- True
- False
Correct Answer

A. False

Explanation

During the lag phase of microbial growth, the cells are actually metabolically active. Although there may not be a significant increase in cell number, the cells are actively preparing for growth by synthesizing enzymes and other necessary molecules. This phase is characterized by a period of adaptation to the new environment before the cells enter the exponential growth phase. Therefore, the given statement is false.

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30.

Organisms that require increased pressure for optimum growth are called
- Barotolerant
- Osmotolerant
- Barophilic
- Osmophilic
Correct Answer

A. Barophilic

Explanation

Barophilic organisms are those that require increased pressure for optimum growth. This means that they thrive in high-pressure environments, such as deep-sea environments where the pressure is much higher than at the surface. These organisms have adapted to withstand and even require these high pressures for their biological processes.

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31.

The __________ is a group of proteins needed for DNA synthesis that assembles at the origin of replication.
- Septum
- Replisome
- Prospore
- None of the above
Correct Answer

A. Replisome

Explanation

The replisome is a group of proteins needed for DNA synthesis that assembles at the origin of replication. It is responsible for unwinding the DNA double helix, synthesizing new DNA strands, and proofreading and repairing any errors. The replisome ensures accurate and efficient replication of the DNA during cell division.

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32.

Organisms that ignore oxygen and grow equally well in its presence or absence are called
- Facultative anaerobes
- Microaerophiles
- Aerotolerant
- Anoxygenic
Correct Answer

A. Aerotolerant

Explanation

Aerotolerant organisms are able to grow equally well in the presence or absence of oxygen. They are not dependent on oxygen for their growth and can survive in environments with or without oxygen. This ability makes them different from obligate aerobes, which require oxygen for growth, and obligate anaerobes, which cannot survive in the presence of oxygen. Facultative anaerobes can also grow in the absence of oxygen, but they prefer to use oxygen if it is available. Microaerophiles require low levels of oxygen to grow, while anoxygenic organisms do not use oxygen for their metabolism at all.

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33.

Organisms that grow best at pH levels above 10 are called __________ __________. (2 words)

Correct Answer
extreme alkaliphiles

Explanation
Extreme alkaliphiles are organisms that thrive in environments with pH levels above 10. They have adapted to survive and grow in highly alkaline conditions, which would be detrimental or even lethal to most other organisms. These extremophiles have unique biochemical and physiological mechanisms that allow them to maintain their cellular processes and homeostasis in such extreme alkaline environments.

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34.

Organisms that are not drastically affected by increased pressure are called
- Barotolerant
- Osmotolerant
- Barophilic
- Osmophilic
Correct Answer

A. Barotolerant

Explanation

Barotolerant organisms are able to tolerate increased pressure without being drastically affected. This means that they can survive and function relatively normally even in high-pressure environments.

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35.

The actin-like protein that seems to be involved in determining cell shape is
- MreB
- ActA
- SpnC
- FtsZ
Correct Answer

A. MreB

Explanation

MreB is the correct answer because it is an actin-like protein that plays a key role in determining cell shape. It forms a helical structure underneath the cell membrane and helps in guiding the synthesis of new cell wall material. MreB is involved in maintaining the rod-like shape of bacterial cells and is essential for their proper growth and division.

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36.

An open system in which the growth rate is maintained by adding a nutrient (present in limiting quantities) at the same rate that medium containing microorganisms is removed is called
- Manostat
- Chemostat
- Turbidostat
- Culturostat
Correct Answer

A. Chemostat

Explanation

A chemostat is an open system in which the growth rate of microorganisms is maintained by adding a nutrient at the same rate that the medium containing the microorganisms is removed. This ensures that the nutrient remains in limiting quantities and allows for continuous growth of the microorganisms. The other options, manostat, turbidostat, and culturostat, do not specifically refer to systems that maintain growth rate by adding and removing nutrients in this way.

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37.

Organisms that grow well at 0C and have optimum growth temperatures of 15C or lower are called
- Psychrothrophs
- Psychrophiles
- Frigiphiles
- Mesophiles
Correct Answer

A. Psychrophiles

Explanation

Psychrophiles are organisms that can grow well at 0C and have an optimum growth temperature of 15C or lower. They are adapted to cold environments and thrive in temperatures that would be considered too cold for most other organisms. These organisms have specialized enzymes and cellular structures that allow them to function and reproduce in low temperatures.

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38.

The membranes of psychrophilic bacteria have relatively high levels of __________ fatty acids, which allow them to remain semi-fluid at cold temperatures.
- Saturated
- Unsaturated
- Sterol
- Aromatic
Correct Answer

A. Unsaturated

Explanation

The membranes of psychrophilic bacteria have relatively high levels of unsaturated fatty acids. Unsaturated fatty acids have double bonds in their carbon chains, which introduce kinks and prevent the fatty acids from packing closely together. This results in a more fluid and flexible membrane, allowing the bacteria to remain semi-fluid at cold temperatures.

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39.

A culture system with constant environmental conditions maintained through continual provision of nutrient and removal of wastes is called __________ culture system.
- Continuous
- Batch
- Fed-batch
- Semicontinuous
Correct Answer

A. Continuous

Explanation

A culture system with constant environmental conditions maintained through continual provision of nutrient and removal of wastes is called a continuous culture system. In this system, fresh nutrient is continuously added to the culture while waste products are continuously removed, allowing for a steady state of growth and maintenance of the culture. This differs from batch culture, fed-batch culture, and semicontinuous culture systems where the nutrient and waste removal processes are not continuous.

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40.

Organisms that grow at 0C and have a maximum growth temperature of 35C are called
- Psychrotrophs
- Psychrophiles
- Frigiphiles
- Mesophiles
Correct Answer

A. Psychrotrophs

Explanation

Psychrotrophs are organisms that can grow at low temperatures, such as 0°C, but also have a maximum growth temperature of 35°C. This means that they are able to survive and reproduce in cold environments, but they can also tolerate and grow at slightly higher temperatures. Psychrophiles, on the other hand, are organisms that specifically thrive in cold temperatures and have a maximum growth temperature below 20°C. Frigiphiles and mesophiles are not relevant to this question.

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41.

Most microorganisms maintain their internal pH
- Near neutral (pH 7).
- Near their optimum growth pH.
- Slightly acidic (pH 4–6).
- Slightly alkaline (pH 8–10).
Correct Answer

A. Near neutral (pH 7).

Explanation

Most microorganisms maintain their internal pH near neutral (pH 7) because this is the pH at which most cellular processes occur optimally. Maintaining a neutral internal pH helps to ensure that enzymes and other proteins function properly, allowing the microorganism to carry out essential metabolic activities. Deviations from the optimal pH can disrupt cellular processes and lead to cell damage or death. Therefore, microorganisms have evolved mechanisms to regulate their internal pH and keep it close to neutral.

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42.

Organisms that can grow in habitats with low water activity by maintaining a high internal salt concentration are called __________ organisms.

Correct Answer
osmotolerant

Explanation
Osmotolerant organisms are able to survive and grow in habitats with low water activity by maintaining a high internal salt concentration. This enables them to balance the osmotic pressure between their internal environment and the external environment, allowing them to withstand the osmotic stress caused by low water availability. Osmotolerant organisms have adapted mechanisms to regulate their internal salt concentration and prevent dehydration, allowing them to thrive in environments with limited water resources.

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43.

A culture in a closed vessel to which no additional medium is added and from which no waste products are removed is called a __________ culture.
- Continuous
- Batch
- Fed-batch
- Semicontinuous
Correct Answer

A. Batch

Explanation

A culture in a closed vessel to which no additional medium is added and from which no waste products are removed is called a batch culture. In a batch culture, all the necessary nutrients are added at the beginning and the culture is allowed to grow without any further interventions. This type of culture is commonly used in laboratory settings for studying the growth and behavior of microorganisms.

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44.

Which of these methods can be used to determine the number of viable microorganisms in a sample?
- Light scattering in a spectrophotometer
- Measuring total cell mass
- Measuring colony forming units per ml
- Counting a known volume of cells in a hemocytometer
Correct Answer

A. Measuring colony forming units per ml

Explanation

Measuring colony forming units per ml is a method commonly used to determine the number of viable microorganisms in a sample. This method involves diluting the sample and then plating it on a solid growth medium. Each viable microorganism will form a visible colony on the plate, and by counting the number of colonies, the concentration of viable microorganisms in the original sample can be calculated. This method is widely used in microbiology to assess the viability and growth of microorganisms.

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45.

Microorganisms are most nearly uniform in terms of chemical and physiological properties during __________ phase.
- Lag
- Exponential
- Stationary
- Decline
Correct Answer

A. Exponential

Explanation

During the exponential phase, microorganisms are actively dividing and multiplying at a rapid rate. This phase is characterized by a constant and exponential increase in the number of microorganisms. As a result, the chemical and physiological properties of the microorganisms are most nearly uniform during this phase because they are all undergoing similar growth and metabolic processes.

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46.

When a young, vigorously growing culture of bacteria is transferred to fresh medium of different composition, the lag phase is usually short or absent.
- True
- False
Correct Answer

A. False

Explanation

When a young, vigorously growing culture of bacteria is transferred to fresh medium of different composition, the lag phase is usually long or present. This is because the bacteria need time to adjust to the new environment and activate the necessary genes and enzymes to utilize the nutrients in the fresh medium. This adjustment period is known as the lag phase.

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47.

Organisms with growth temperature maxima between 85 and 113C are referred to as __________.

Correct Answer
hyperthermophiles

Explanation
Organisms with growth temperature maxima between 85 and 113C are referred to as hyperthermophiles because they are able to thrive and grow at extremely high temperatures. These organisms have adapted to survive in extreme heat and have specialized enzymes and proteins that can function under such conditions. Hyperthermophiles are often found in environments such as deep-sea hydrothermal vents or hot springs, where temperatures can reach these extreme levels.

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48.

Quorum sensing
- Is a phenomenon in which bacteria monitor their own population density.
- Depends on the sensing of signal protein molecules.
- Plays an important role in formation of biofilms by Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
- All of the choices
Correct Answer

A. All of the choices

Explanation

Quorum sensing is a phenomenon in which bacteria monitor their own population density by sensing signal protein molecules. This process plays an important role in the formation of biofilms by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Therefore, all of the given choices are correct explanations for quorum sensing.

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49.

Which of the following is the correct order for binary fission?
- A septum forms at midcell, the cell elongates, replicates its chromosome, and separates the chromosome into the two parts of the cell
- The cell elongates, a septum forms at midcell, the cell replicates its chromosome, and separates the chromosome into the two parts of the cell
- The cell elongates, replicates its chromosome, and separates the chromosome into the two parts of the cell, and a septum forms at midcell
- None of the above
Correct Answer

A. The cell elongates, replicates its chromosome, and separates the chromosome into the two parts of the cell, and a septum forms at midcell

Explanation

In binary fission, the correct order of events is that the cell elongates, replicates its chromosome, separates the chromosome into the two parts of the cell, and finally, a septum forms at midcell. This ensures that each daughter cell receives a copy of the replicated chromosome before the cell divides completely.

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Microbiology Trivia Quiz On Microorganisms!

Growth is said to be __________ when all cellular components are synthesized at constant rates relative to one another.

Quiz Preview

Microbial __________ is an increase in cell constituents that may or may not be accompanied by an increase in cell number.

The __________ __________ is the length of time it takes for a population of microorganisms to double in number. (2 words)

The growth rate of a given species of microorganism is dependent on the composition of the medium in which it is grown.

One of the major advantages of a continuous culture system is that the cells can be maintained in the exponential growth phase for extended periods of time.

Organisms that have their optimum growth pH between 5.5 and 8.0 are called __________.

The primary mechanism by which DNA is damaged by ultraviolet radiation involves the formation of thymine dimers.

Complex microbial communities that grow tightly adhered to surfaces are called __________.

A common type of autoinducer found in gram-negative bacteria are acyl homoserine lactones (AHL).

DNA of thermophiles is stabilized by binding of special nucleoid-associated proteins.

When a young, vigorously growing culture of bacteria is transferred to fresh medium of the same composition, the lag phase is usually short or absent.

Organisms that have their optimum growth pH between 0.0 and 5.5 are called __________.

Membranes of some thermophilic Archaea are stabilized by ether linked phospholipids.

The length of the lag phase of growth can vary depending on

All bacterial and archaeal cells are diploid.

The process of forming a cross wall between two daughter cells is known as

Obligate anaerobes are usually poisoned by molecular oxygen but may grow in aerobic habitats if associated with facultative anaerobes that use up all available oxygen.

Organisms that require high levels of sodium chloride in order to grow are called __________ organisms.

The site at which replication of DNA starts in bacterial cells is known as the __________ of ___________. (answer, answer)

Organisms that are damaged by the normal atmospheric levels of oxygen (20%) but require oxygen at levels of 2–10% for growth are called

Organisms that have their optimum growth pH between 8.5 and 11.5 are called _______.

Most bacterial and archaeal cells divide by

Organisms that do not require oxygen for growth but grow better in its presence are called

When a microorganism is placed in a(n) __________ solution, water will enter into the cell and cause it to burst unless something is done to prevent this.

Organisms that grow near deep-sea volcanic vents are likely to be

Cells may enter stationary phase because of

Which of the following can be used to estimate the number of microorganisms in a culture?

During the lag phase of microbial growth, the cells are metabolically inactive.

Organisms that require increased pressure for optimum growth are called

The __________ is a group of proteins needed for DNA synthesis that assembles at the origin of replication.

Organisms that ignore oxygen and grow equally well in its presence or absence are called

Organisms that grow best at pH levels above 10 are called __________ __________. (2 words)

Organisms that are not drastically affected by increased pressure are called

The actin-like protein that seems to be involved in determining cell shape is

An open system in which the growth rate is maintained by adding a nutrient (present in limiting quantities) at the same rate that medium containing microorganisms is removed is called

Organisms that grow well at 0C and have optimum growth temperatures of 15C or lower are called

The membranes of psychrophilic bacteria have relatively high levels of __________ fatty acids, which allow them to remain semi-fluid at cold temperatures.

A culture system with constant environmental conditions maintained through continual provision of nutrient and removal of wastes is called __________ culture system.

Organisms that grow at 0C and have a maximum growth temperature of 35C are called

Most microorganisms maintain their internal pH

Organisms that can grow in habitats with low water activity by maintaining a high internal salt concentration are called __________ organisms.

A culture in a closed vessel to which no additional medium is added and from which no waste products are removed is called a __________ culture.

Which of these methods can be used to determine the number of viable microorganisms in a sample?

Microorganisms are most nearly uniform in terms of chemical and physiological properties during __________ phase.

When a young, vigorously growing culture of bacteria is transferred to fresh medium of different composition, the lag phase is usually short or absent.

Organisms with growth temperature maxima between 85 and 113C are referred to as __________.

Quorum sensing

Which of the following is the correct order for binary fission?

The is the length of time it takes for a population of microorganisms to double in number. (2 words)

The site at which replication of DNA starts in bacterial cells is known as the of _. (answer, answer)

Organisms that grow best at pH levels above 10 are called . (2 words)