Act/SAT Questions Of The Day Test 10

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1. Writing > Improving Sentences Part of the following sentence is underlined; beneath the sentence are five ways of phrasing the underlined material. Select the option that produces the best sentence. If you think the original phrasing produces a better sentence than any of the alternatives, select choice A.  Althea Gibson, the first African American tennis player to be recognized as a world champion, beginning to play amateur tennis in the 1940s.

Explanation

Althea Gibson, the first African American tennis player to be recognized as a world champion, began playing amateur tennis in the 1940s.

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About This Quiz
Act/SAT Questions Of The Day Test 10 - Quiz

ACT\/SAT Questions of the Day Test 10 assesses skills in various areas such as mathematics, reading comprehension, and sentence improvement, targeting skills essential for success in ACT and SAT exams. Ideal for students preparing for college entrance tests.

2. Critical Reading > Sentence Completions Choose the word or set of words that, when inserted in the sentence, best fits the meaning of the sentence as a whole.  Because he felt intimidated in his new position, he was ------- divulging his frank opinions of company proposals.

Explanation

The sentence states that the person felt intimidated in his new position, which suggests that he was cautious or hesitant in expressing his opinions. The word "chary" means cautious or wary, which fits the context of the sentence. Therefore, the person was "chary of" divulging his frank opinions of company proposals.

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3.
SOCIAL SCIENCE: This passage is adapted from Leonard W.
Levy's Origins of the Fifth Amendment: The Right Against Self
Incrimination.
(1968 by Clio Enterprises Inc.).
 
      Community courts and community justice pre-
vailed in England at the time of the Norman Conquest
[1066]. The legal system was ritualistic, dependent
upon oaths at most stages of litigation, and permeated
5   by both religious and superstitious notions. The pro-
ceedings were oral, very personal, and highly con-
frontative. Juries were unknown. One party publicly
"appealed," or accused, the other before the community
meeting at which the presence of both was obligatory.
10   To be absent meant risking fines and outlawry. After
the preliminary statements of the parties, the court ren-
dered judgment, not on the merits of the issue nor the
question of guilt or innocence, but on the manner by
which it should be resolved. Judgment in other words
15   preceded trial because it was a decision on what form
the trial should take. It might be by compurgation, by
ordeal, or, after the Norman Conquest, by battle.
Excepting trial by battle, only one party was tried or,
more accurately, was put to his "proof." Proof being
20   regarded as an advantage, it was usually awarded to the
accused party; in effect he had the privilege of proving
his own case.

    Trial by compurgation consisted of a sworn state-
ment to the truth of one's claim or denial, supported by
25   the oaths of a certain number of fellow swearers.
Presumably they, no more than the claimant, would
endanger their immortal souls by the sacrilege of false
swearing. Originally the oath-helpers swore from their
own knowledge to the truth of the party's claim. Later
30   they became little more than character witnesses,
swearing only to their belief that his oath was trust-
worthy. If he rounded up the requisite number of com-
purgators and the cumbrous swearing in very exact
form proceeded without a mistake, he won his case. A
35   mistake "burst" the oath, proving guilt.

    Ordeals were usually reserved for more serious
crimes, for persons of bad reputation, for peasants, or
for those caught with stolen goods. As an invocation of
immediate divine judgment, ordeals were consecrated
40   by the Church and shrouded with solemn religious mys-
tery. The accused underwent a physical trial in which
he called upon God to witness his innocence by putting
a miraculous sign upon his body. Cold water, boiling
water, and hot iron were the principal ordeals, all of
45   which the clergy administered. In the ordeal of cold
water, the accused was trussed up and cast into a pool
to see whether he would sink or float. On the theory
that water which had been sanctified by a priest would
receive an innocent person but reject the guilty, inno-
50   cence was proved by sinking—and hopefully a quick
retrieval—guilt by floating. In the other ordeals, one
had to plunge his hand into a cauldron of boiling water
or carry a red hot piece of iron for a certain distance, in
the hope that three days later, when the bandages were
55   removed, the priest would find a "clean" wound, one
that was healing free of infection. How deeply one
plunged his arm into the water, how heavy the iron or
great the distance it was carried, depended mainly on
the gravity of the charge.
60       The Normans brought to England still another
ordeal, trial by battle, paradigm of the adversary
system, which gave to the legal concept of "defense" or
"defendant" a physical meaning. Trial by battle was a
savage yet sacred method of proof which was also
65   thought to involve divine intercession on behalf of the
righteous. Rather than let a wrongdoer triumph, God
would presumably strengthen the arms of the party who
had sworn truly to the justice of his cause. Right, not
might, would therefore conquer. Trial by battle was
70   originally available for the settlement of all disputes
but eventually was restricted to cases of serious crime.

    Whether one proved his case by compurgation,
ordeal, or battle, the method was accusatory in char-
acter. There was always a definite and known accuser,
75   some private person who brought formal suit and
openly confronted his antagonist. There was never any
secrecy in the proceedings, which were the same for
criminal as for civil litigation. The judges, who had no
role whatever in the making of the verdict, decided only
80   which party should be put to proof and what its form
should be; thereafter the judges merely enforced an
observance of the rules. The oaths that saturated the
proceedings called upon God to witness to the truth of
the respective claims of the parties, or the justice of
85   their cause, or the reliability of their word. No one gave
testimonial evidence nor was anyone questioned to test
his veracity.
  As it is used in line 33, the word cumbrous most nearly means:

Explanation

The word "cumbrous" is used in line 33 to describe the process of swearing in trial by compurgation. It suggests that the swearing-in process was burdensome or cumbersome, involving a specific number of fellow swearers and a strict form that had to be followed. This implies that the process was complicated and time-consuming, adding to the difficulty of proving one's case. Therefore, the correct answer is "burdensome."

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4. Passage II     The Sun's path from sunrise to sunset varies with the time of year. A student performed the following experiments on three clear, sunny days at three- or four-month intervals throughout the course of a year to study the path of the Sun through the sky. Experiment 1     At a chosen Northern Hemisphere location, the student placed a stick vertically into the ground so that 1 meter of its length was left above ground. The student knew that the length of the shadow was related to the height of the Sun above the horizon and that the shadow would point away from the direction of the Sun. The length in meters (m) and direction of the shadow cast by the stick were measured one hour after sunrise (Shadow A), at mid-morning (B), at noon (C), at mid-afternoon (D), and one hour before sunset (E) on each of the three days. The direction of each shadow was determined by placing a magnetic compass at the base of the stick and aligning the north arrow with the north mark on the compass. The direction of each shadow was then determined by a comparison with the compass face markings. The results are recorded in Table 1.  
Table 1
Shadow Day 1 Day 2 Day 3
Length
(m)
Shadow
direction
Length
(m)
Shadow
direction
Length
(m)
Shadow
direction
A 5.0 SW 8.6 NW 6.8 W
B 1.2 W 2.9 NNW 1.7 NW
C 0.3 N 2.3 N 0.9 N
D 1.2 E 3.0 NNE 1.8 NE
E 5.0 SE 8.6 NE 6.9 E
 
Experiment 2     The following year, the student repeated Experiment 1 at a chosen location in the Southern Hemisphere. The results are in Table 2.
 
Table 2
Shadow Day 1 Day 2 Day 3
Length
(m)
Shadow
direction
Length
(m)
Shadow
direction
Length
(m)
Shadow
direction
A 9.0 SW 5.0 NW 6.9 W
B 3.2 SSW 1.1 W 1.8 SW
C 2.5 S 0.3 S 1.0 S
D 3.2 SSE 1.1 E 1.8 SE
E 9.1 SE 5.0 NE 6.9 E
  Which of the following was a constant in both experiments?

Explanation

The length of the vertical stick exposed was a constant in both experiments. This means that in both the Northern Hemisphere and the Southern Hemisphere, the student consistently left 1 meter of the stick above ground. This allowed for a consistent measurement of the length of the shadow cast by the stick at different times of the day.

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5. Read the following SAT test question and then click on a button to select your answer.  There are n students in a biology class, and only 6 of them are seniors. If 7 juniors are added to the class, how many students in the class will not be seniors?

Explanation

Adding 7 juniors to the class will increase the total number of students by 7. Since there are only 6 seniors in the class, the number of students who are not seniors will be the total number of students (n) plus the 7 juniors added, which is n+7. Therefore, the correct answer is n+7.

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6. In right triangle ABC below, what is the sine of angle A?

Explanation

In a right triangle, the sine of an angle is defined as the ratio of the length of the side opposite the angle to the length of the hypotenuse. In this triangle, angle A is opposite the side with length 7, and the hypotenuse has length 25. Therefore, the sine of angle A is 7/25.

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Writing > Improving Sentences ...
Critical Reading > Sentence Completions ...
SOCIAL SCIENCE: This passage is adapted from Leonard W.Levy's Origins...
Passage II ...
Read the following SAT test question and then click on a button to...
In right triangle ABC below, what is the sine of angle A?
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