Act Science Exam 2
.JPG "Act Science Exam 2 - Quiz")
- 1.
Why is the metric system used in science?
- A.
The base units are used interchangeably.
- B.
It is easy to remember how the system works.
- C.
The units are expressed as a base of a hundred.
- D.
It is a universally accepted way to report values.
Correct Answer
D. It is a universally accepted way to report values.Explanation
D. Around the world, the metric system is the accepted system of units for recording and communicating values. See Lesson: Designing an Experiment.Rate this question:
-
- 2.
What is used to measure the volume of a liquid?
- A.
Barometer
- B.
Thermometer
- C.
Electric balance
- D.
Graduated cylinder
Correct Answer
D. Graduated cylinderExplanation
D. A graduated cylinder is a measuring device used to measure volume. See Lesson: Designing an Experiment.Rate this question:
-
- 3.
A neutral atom of which element has 2 electrons in the first shell and 6 electrons in the second shell of the electron cloud?
- A.
Beryllium
- B.
Carbon
- C.
Helium
- D.
Oxygen
Correct Answer
D. OxygenExplanation
D. The atom described has a total of 8 electrons. Because it is neutral, it has the same number of protons as electrons. Any atom with 8 protons is oxygen, given by the atomic number in the periodic table. See Lesson: Scientific Notation.Rate this question:
-
- 4.
Light travels at a speed of almost 3 × 105 kilometers per second. How is this value written in standard notation?
- A.
0.000003 km/s
- B.
0.00003 km/s
- C.
30,000 km/s
- D.
300,000 km/s
Correct Answer
D. 300,000 km/sExplanation
D. The exponent is positive 5, which means that the decimal point moves to the right five spaces when converting to standard notation. See Lesson: Scientific Notation.Rate this question:
-
- 5.
A storage tank is filled with 15 gallons of water. How many quarts of water is the tank storing?
- A.
4
- B.
19
- C.
30
- D.
60
Correct Answer
D. 60Explanation
D. The unit of measurement for volume in the English system includes the equivalent of 4 quarts to 1 gallon. Multiplying 15 gallons by 4 equals 60 quarts of water in the storage tank. See Lesson: Temperature and the Metric System.Rate this question:
-
- 6.
What is 189°C in Kelvin?
- A.
0.692
- B.
84
- C.
271
- D.
462
Correct Answer
D. 462Explanation
D. Celsius can be converted to Kelvin by adding 273 to the Celsius value. In this case, 273 added to 189°C yields 462 K. See Lesson: Temperature and the Metric System.Rate this question:
-
- 7.
How many molecules of ATP are produced after glycolysis?
- A.
2
- B.
9
- C.
12
- D.
32
Correct Answer
A. 2Explanation
A. Two ATP molecules are produced after glycolysis. See Lesson: An Introduction to Biology.Rate this question:
-
- 8.
_____ bonds are used to join water molecules together.
- A.
Covalent
- B.
Hydrogen
- C.
Ionic
- D.
Peptide
Correct Answer
B. HydrogenExplanation
B. The hydrogen atoms in a water molecule will hydrogen bond with oxygen atoms. This attraction not only contributes to the charge of water but also the properties of water as well. See Lesson: An Introduction to Biology.Rate this question:
-
- 9.
Which structure do cells rely on for movement?
- A.
Flagellum
- B.
Microtubule
- C.
Pili
- D.
Vesicle
Correct Answer
A. FlagellumExplanation
A. Flagella are tails attached to a cell that aid in locomotion, or movement throughout a cell’s external environment. See Lesson: Cell Structure, Function, and Type.Rate this question:
-
- 10.
Which organelle contains photosynthetic molecules?
- A.
Chloroplast
- B.
Lysosome
- C.
Nucleolus
- D.
Ribosome
Correct Answer
A. ChloroplastExplanation
A. Chloroplasts are organelles that trap energy from the sun and use this to help plants create food. They contain chlorophyll molecules, which are photosynthetic pigments. See Lesson: Cell Structure, Function, and Type.Rate this question:
-
- 11.
Which contains the most chlorophyll?
- A.
Cyanobacteria
- B.
Leaf
- C.
Mushroom
- D.
Prokaryote
Correct Answer
B. LeafExplanation
B. Chlorophyll comes from chloroplasts, which are structures found in plant cells. Leaves contain chlorophyll, which is required for photosynthesis. See Lesson: Cellular Reproduction, Cellular Respiration, and Photosynthesis.Rate this question:
-
- 12.
What organism makes a cell plate during cytokinesis?
- A.
Bacterium
- B.
Human
- C.
Mushroom
- D.
Plant
Correct Answer
D. PlantExplanation
D. Plants use cell plates to divide a cell after the cell has completed mitosis. This physical separation of one cell into two is known as cytokinesis. See Lesson: Cellular Reproduction, Cellular Respiration, and Photosynthesis.Rate this question:
-
- 13.
A _____ is a rod-shaped structure that forms when a single DNA molecule and its associated proteins coil tightly before cell division.
- A.
Centromere
- B.
Chromatid
- C.
Chromosome
- D.
Gene
Correct Answer
C. ChromosomeExplanation
C. A chromosome is a rod-shaped structure that forms when a single DNA molecule and its associated proteins coil tightly before cell division. See Lesson: Genetics and DNA.Rate this question:
-
- 14.
Crossing two heterozygous flowers, Bb x Bb, what is the chance of obtaining a homozygous, recessive trait?
- A.
25%
- B.
50%
- C.
75%
- D.
100%
Correct Answer
A. 25%Explanation
A. The probable outcome of this cross would be 1 homozygous dominant, 2 heterozygous dominants, and 1 homozygous recessive. See Lesson: Genetics and DNA.Rate this question:
-
- 15.
A student is recording the temperature of a solid substance as he heats it over a Bunsen burner and notices that the temperature stays constant at 62°C for four minutes. How can the substance be described during these four minutes?
- A.
It is boiling.
- B.
It is melting.
- C.
It is entirely in the solid state.
- D.
It is entirely in the liquid state.
Correct Answer
B. It is melting.Explanation
B. When heating or cooling a substance, the temperature will not change while a substance is undergoing a phase change; it will only change when it is in a single state of matter before or after the phase change. The question indicates that the sample is a solid at the beginning of the experiment, and if the student is adding energy, the substance is melting. See Lesson: States of Matter.Rate this question:
-
- 16.
During which of the following phase changes will the cohesion between the particles in a substance increase?
- A.
Solid to gas
- B.
Liquid to gas
- C.
Gas to liquid
- D.
Solid to liquid
Correct Answer
C. Gas to liquidExplanation
C. If the cohesion between particles increases, then the particles are undergoing a phase change that brings particles closer together. This happens when gas turns into liquid. See Lesson: States of Matter.Rate this question:
-
- 17.
Flammability is an example of a _____.
- A.
Polar substance
- B.
Weak substance
- C.
Physical property
- D.
Chemical property
Correct Answer
D. Chemical propertyExplanation
D. Flammability is an indication of a chemical change. See Lesson: Properties of Matter.Rate this question:
-
- 18.
Why are water molecules attracted to themselves?
- A.
As a result of the polar configuration
- B.
As a result of the physical configuration
- C.
As a result of the intensive configuration
- D.
As a result of the extensive configuration
Correct Answer
A. As a result of the polar configurationExplanation
A. As a result of this polar configuration, water molecules are attracted to themselves. This causes water to be cohesive. See Lesson: Properties of Matter.Rate this question:
-
- 19.
Which element in period 4 of the periodic table will not react to form a compound?
- A.
Arsenic
- B.
Germanium
- C.
Krypton
- D.
Scandium
Correct Answer
C. KryptonExplanation
C. Krypton is a noble gas, which means it is already stable with eight valence electrons and does not need to react. See Lesson: Chemical Bonds.Rate this question:
-
- 20.
How do silicon and oxygen form a chemical bond?
- A.
Silicon and oxygen will share electrons.
- B.
Oxygen will transfer electrons to silicon.
- C.
Silicon will transfer electrons to oxygen.
- D.
Oxygen and silicon cannot form chemical bonds together.
Correct Answer
A. Silicon and oxygen will share electrons.Explanation
A. Because silicon and oxygen are both nonmetals, they will share electrons, forming a covalent bond. See Lesson: Chemical Bonds.Rate this question:
-
- 21.
The reaction between zinc metal and hydrochloric acid (HCl) is shown below. Which product is dissolved in water at the end of the reaction? Zn(s) + 2HCl(aq) → H2(g) + ZnCl2(aq)
- A.
H2
- B.
HCl
- C.
Zn
- D.
ZnCl2
Correct Answer
D. ZnCl2Explanation
D. The products are located on the right side of the arrow, and the state of matter (aq) indicates that the substance is in an aqueous solution. See Lesson: Chemical Solutions.Rate this question:
-
- 22.
If sulfur trioxide (SO3) reacts with water (H2O) in a synthesis reaction, what product(s) form?
- A.
H2SO4
- B.
H2S + O2
- C.
H2O + SO3
- D.
H2O3 + S2O
Correct Answer
A. H2SO4Explanation
A. In a synthesis reaction, two reactants combine to form one product. The other options have two products. See Lesson: Chemical Solutions.Rate this question:
-
- 23.
What type of reaction is described by the following equation? ZnBr2(aq) + 2KOH(aq) ® Zn(OH)2(s) + 2KBr(aq)
- A.
Synthesis
- B.
Decomposition
- C.
Single-Replacement
- D.
Double-Replacement
Correct Answer
D. Double-ReplacementExplanation
D. In this reaction, two elements are trading places. In the reactants, zinc and bromide ions are together, and potassium and hydroxide ions are together. In the products, zinc and hydroxide ions are together, and potassium and bromide ions are together. See Lesson: Chemical Solutions.Rate this question:
-
- 24.
A Lewis acid is a substance that
- A.
Accepts hydrogen ions.
- B.
Ionizes completely in solution.
- C.
Partially dissociates in solution.
- D.
Donates a lone pair of electrons.
Correct Answer
D. Donates a lone pair of electrons.Explanation
D. A Lewis acid is one way to define the behavior of an acid in solution. These substances are recognized as electron pair donors. See Lesson: Acids and Bases.Rate this question:
-
- 25.
What product is formed when acetic acid (CH3COOH) reacts with water?
- A.
H2
- B.
OH-
- C.
CH3COO-
- D.
CH3COOH
Correct Answer
C. CH3COO-Explanation
C. When acetic acid dissolves in water, it forms an aqueous solution that contains hydronium ions and acetate ions (CH3COO-). See Lesson: Acids and Bases.Rate this question:
-
- 26.
Which description best summarizes inertia?
- A.
The force on an object due to gravity
- B.
The speed of an object with a changing velocity
- C.
The acceleration of an object due to a net force
- D.
The constant velocity of an object in the absence of a net force
Correct Answer
D. The constant velocity of an object in the absence of a net forceExplanation
D. Inertia is the tendency of an object to maintain the same velocity as long as no net force acts on it. Thus, a moving object will move in the same direction and at the same speed, and an object at rest will stay at rest, unless a net force acts on the object. See Lesson: Nature of Motion.Rate this question:
-
- 27.
If a plane has a velocity that changes but is always in the same direction, which statement about its speed is true?
- A.
The plane’s speed is 0.
- B.
The plane’s speed is varying.
- C.
The plane’s speed is negative.
- D.
The plane’s speed is constant.
Correct Answer
B. The plane’s speed is varying.Explanation
B. Because velocity is a vector, it has a direction and a magnitude. Speed is just the magnitude of the velocity. If the plane’s velocity changes but is always in the same direction, its speed (magnitude) must be varying. The speed is a positive quantity, so answer B is correct. See Lesson: Nature of Motion.Rate this question:
-
- 28.
Man is pushing a 64-kilogram cart horizontally with a force of 80 newtons. If the friction force is 32 newtons, what is the cart’s acceleration?
- A.
0.50 m/s2
- B.
0.75 m/s2
- C.
1.3 m/s2
- D.
1.8 m/s2
Correct Answer
B. 0.75 m/s2Explanation
B. Because the friction force is in the direction opposite to the cart’s velocity, the net force on the cart is the vector sum of the two forces: 48 newtons in the direction that the man is pushing. Use the relationship F = ma to find the acceleration in meters per second squared.
See Lesson: Friction.Rate this question:
-
- 29.
What is the angular frequency of an object that goes once around a circular path every 25.0 seconds?
- A.
0.0400 Hz
- B.
0.251 Hz
- C.
25.0 Hz
- D.
157 Hz
Correct Answer
B. 0.251 HzExplanation
B. The frequency of an object in uniform circular motion is the reciprocal of its period—in this case, 1 ÷ 25.0 = 0.04 hertz. The angular frequency (ω) is 2π times the frequency. Thus,
ω = 2πf = 2(3.14)(0.04 Hz) = 0.251 Hz
See Lesson: Friction.Rate this question:
-
- 30.
An asteroid completes a circular orbit around a planet every 3.6×105 seconds. If it is 8.7×106 meters from the center of the planet, what is its centripetal acceleration?
- A.
2.6×10–3 m/s2
- B.
3.8 m/s2
- C.
24 m/s2
- D.
150 m/s2
Correct Answer
A. 2.6×10–3 m/s2 -
- 31.
An infrared wave is passing through a medium with a refractive index of 4.00. What is the wave’s speed in that medium?
- A.
46,500 miles per second
- B.
93,000 miles per second
- C.
186,000 miles per second
- D.
744,000 miles per second
Correct Answer
A. 46,500 miles per secondExplanation
A. The speed of light in a medium (material) is the speed of light in a vacuum (c = 186,000 miles per second) divided by the refractive index (4.00, in this case). The result is 46,500 miles per second. See Lesson: Waves and Sound.Rate this question:
-
- 32.
If a seismic wave is traveling at 2,350 feet per second and has a wavelength of 275 feet, what is its frequency?
- A.
0.120 Hz
- B.
8.50 Hz
- C.
2,630 Hz
- D.
646,000 Hz
Correct Answer
B. 8.50 HzExplanation
B. The wave speed (v), frequency (f), and wavelength (λ) are related by the equation v = λf. Use the wave-speed formula: v=λf
See Lesson: Waves and Sound.Rate this question:
-
- 33.
A bell tower is 52 m tall. The bell weighs 201 N. What type of energy does the bell have?
- A.
Chemical
- B.
Electrical
- C.
Kinetic
- D.
Potential
Correct Answer
D. PotentialExplanation
D. The bell has stored energy. This energy is potential due to the bell’s height above ground. See Lesson: Kinetic Energy.Rate this question:
-
- 34.
The gravitational force of attraction between Earth and the sun is 1.6 x 1023 N. What would the gravitational force be if the exoplanet Kepler-289 d (whose mass is 4 times greater than Earth’s) orbited at the same radius?
- A.
1.2 x 1022 N
- B.
3.4 x 1022 N
- C.
3.2 x 1023 N
- D.
6.4 x 1023 N
Correct Answer
D. 6.4 x 1023 NExplanation
D. If Earth were 4 times as massive, the gravitational force between the sun and Earth would 4 times as great. See Lesson: Kinetic Energy.Rate this question:
-
- 35.
A freight car has a momentum of while moving along a frictionless, level railroad track with a constant speed of 15 m/s. What is the mass of the freight car in kg?
- A.
1,000
- B.
2,000
- C.
20,000
- D.
200,000
Correct Answer
C. 20,000 -
- 36.
A positive charge and a negative charge are in close proximity. Which statement best describes the field lines around the charges?
- A.
No field lines exist between positive and negative charges.
- B.
The field lines start at the negative charge and end at the positive charge.
- C.
The field lines start at the positive charge and end at the negative charge.
- D.
The field lines associated with the positive charge do not connect with the field lines associated with the negative charge.
Correct Answer
C. The field lines start at the positive charge and end at the negative charge.Explanation
C. A field line describes the path a (positive) test charge would follow if placed somewhere around a given charge configuration. Because positive charge repels positive and negative charge attracts positive, a test charge will be repelled by the positive charge and attracted to the negative charge. Therefore, the field lines will originate from the positive charge and end at the negative charge. See Lesson: Electricity and Magnetism.Rate this question:
-
- 37.
The electric force on a 1-coulomb charge is 25 newtons. If that charge is removed, what is the field strength at its former location?
- A.
1 newton per coulomb
- B.
24 newtons per coulomb
- C.
25 newtons per coulomb
- D.
100 newtons per coulomb
Correct Answer
C. 25 newtons per coulombExplanation
C. The field at a given point is the force that would be exerted on a 1-coulomb “test charge” placed there. In this case, because the force on a 1-coulomb charge is known, the field strength is the same value (albeit with different units). See Lesson: Electricity and Magnetism.Rate this question:
-
- 38.
What is a galaxy?
- A.
A star that is very small and dim
- B.
A star that is in its longest stage of life
- C.
A very large star that is brighter than the sun
- D.
Groups of stars and star systems that are bound together by gravity
Correct Answer
D. Groups of stars and star systems that are bound together by gravityExplanation
D. Galaxies are large groups of stars and star systems bound together with dust and gas by gravity. See Lesson: Astronomy.Rate this question:
-
- 39.
What is plate tectonics?
- A.
The study of Earth’s surface
- B.
The study of weather patterns
- C.
The geological theory explaining erosion
- D.
The theory that the geosphere can be broken down into distinct plates
Correct Answer
D. The theory that the geosphere can be broken down into distinct platesExplanation
D. Plate tectonics is the theory that the geosphere can be broken down into seven distinct large plates and several smaller plates that interact with one another in various ways. See Lesson: Geology.Rate this question:
-
- 40.
What is meteorology?
- A.
The study of meteors
- B.
The study of Earth’s atmosphere
- C.
The study of Earth and its physical components
- D.
The study of the moon, stars, planets, and other objects in space
Correct Answer
B. The study of Earth’s atmosphereExplanation
B. Meteorology is the study of Earth’s atmosphere. See Lesson: Meteorology.Rate this question:
-
Quiz Review Timeline +
Our quizzes are rigorously reviewed, monitored and continuously updated by our expert board to maintain accuracy, relevance, and timeliness.
-
Current Version
-
Apr 08, 2019Quiz Edited by
ProProfs Editorial Team -
Mar 13, 2019Quiz Created by
Back to top