Educ 654 Final A
At the time of transition into youth, many young people are faced by the predicament of choosing their career paths. The quiz below is on career guidance and counseling in an attempt to help you make sound career decisions.
Questions and Answers
- 1.
A major tenet of Super's theory is that the career pattern one follows through life
- A.
Is an expression of career maturity
- B.
Is primarily influenced by one's vocational orientations toward or away from people
- C.
Results from expression of one's vocational self-concept
- D.
Represents verification of one's personal modal style
Correct Answer
C. Results from expression of one's vocational self-conceptExplanation
According to Super's theory, the career pattern one follows through life is a result of expressing one's vocational self-concept. This means that the choices and decisions one makes in their career are influenced by their understanding of their own abilities, interests, and values in relation to their chosen profession. The vocational self-concept plays a significant role in shaping one's career path and determining the level of satisfaction and success they achieve in their chosen field.Rate this question:
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- 2.
Who is known as the Father of Vocational Guidance?
- A.
John Krumboltz
- B.
John Holland
- C.
Frank Parsons
- D.
Donald Super
Correct Answer
C. Frank ParsonsExplanation
Frank Parsons is known as the Father of Vocational Guidance because he was one of the pioneers in the field of career counseling and guidance. He developed the concept of vocational guidance in the late 19th century and established the first vocational guidance center in the United States. Parsons believed that individuals should choose a career based on their interests, abilities, and values, and he developed methods to help individuals assess these factors and make informed career decisions. His work laid the foundation for modern career counseling and guidance practices.Rate this question:
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- 3.
Which of the following is true about the current role and scope of career counseling?
- A.
The main focus is on cultural identity and job satisfaction.
- B.
The role and scope have become narrower, focusing mainly on topics such as career choice and job satisfaction.
- C.
The role and scope have become more complex, including other issues such as workplace changes and global economy.
- D.
The main focus is on helping people find jobs.
Correct Answer
C. The role and scope have become more complex, including other issues such as workplace changes and global economy.Explanation
The correct answer is that the role and scope of career counseling have become more complex, including other issues such as workplace changes and the global economy. This suggests that career counseling is no longer solely focused on career choice and job satisfaction, but also takes into consideration broader factors that can impact one's career, such as changes in the workplace and the global economy.Rate this question:
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- 4.
Which of the following is appropriate to address in career counseling?
- A.
Physical or cognitive disabilities
- B.
Sexual orientation
- C.
Cultural differences
- D.
All of the above
Correct Answer
D. All of the aboveExplanation
Career counseling should address all of the above factors, including physical or cognitive disabilities, sexual orientation, and cultural differences. Career counselors should provide support and guidance to individuals with disabilities to help them navigate their career options and find inclusive workplaces. They should also offer assistance to individuals exploring career paths that align with their sexual orientation and provide resources to overcome any potential barriers. Additionally, career counselors should be culturally sensitive and address the unique challenges and opportunities that individuals from diverse cultural backgrounds may face in their career development.Rate this question:
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- 5.
Someone who is entering college and is in the process of choosing a major or career path, but is not completely committed to a major or career, would be in which stage, according to Super?
- A.
Establishment
- B.
Exploration
- C.
Decline
- D.
Growth
Correct Answer
A. EstablishmentExplanation
According to Super, someone who is entering college and is in the process of choosing a major or career path, but is not completely committed to a major or career, would be in the stage of "Establishment". This stage refers to the period when individuals have made a decision about their career path and are actively working towards achieving their goals. It signifies a sense of commitment and dedication towards their chosen major or career.Rate this question:
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- 6.
"The total constellation of psychological, sociological, educational, physical, economic and chance factors that combine to influence the nature and significance of work in the total life span of any individual" best describes
- A.
Career counseling
- B.
Career development
- C.
Career guidance
- D.
Career
Correct Answer
D. CareerExplanation
The given description encompasses various factors that influence work throughout an individual's life, including psychological, sociological, educational, physical, economic, and chance factors. This broad definition aligns with the concept of a career, which refers to the entirety of a person's work experiences and professional development over their lifespan. Therefore, the correct answer is career.Rate this question:
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- 7.
Why was career counseling created?
- A.
To meet the needs of minority and immigrant workers
- B.
To help people find jobs (originally)
- C.
To meet the needs of society as it shifted from rural to urban living in the industrial age
- D.
To classify skills of entry soldiers into the military
Correct Answer
C. To meet the needs of society as it shifted from rural to urban living in the industrial ageExplanation
Career counseling was created to meet the needs of society as it shifted from rural to urban living in the industrial age. As people moved from agricultural to industrial jobs, there was a need for guidance and support in navigating the changing job market. Career counseling emerged as a way to help individuals identify their skills, interests, and goals, and to provide them with information and resources to make informed career decisions in this new urbanized society.Rate this question:
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- 8.
If a personal concern emerges during career counseling, which of the following should the career counselor do?
- A.
Ignore the concern
- B.
Refer to a counselor specializing in personal counseling concerns
- C.
Address the concern, integrating it with the career counseling concern(s)
- D.
Redirect the conversation back to the client's stated goal for career counseling
Correct Answer
C. Address the concern, integrating it with the career counseling concern(s)Explanation
The career counselor should address the personal concern that emerges during career counseling and integrate it with the career counseling concern(s). This approach acknowledges the importance of the personal concern and recognizes that personal and career issues can often be interconnected. By addressing and integrating the concern, the counselor can provide holistic support to the client and help them navigate both personal and career-related challenges.Rate this question:
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- 9.
The purposes of work are:
- A.
Behavioral, social and economic
- B.
Biological, economic and social
- C.
Biological, psychological and social
- D.
Economic, psychological and social
Correct Answer
D. Economic, psychological and socialExplanation
The purposes of work are economic, psychological, and social. Economic refers to the financial aspect of work, such as earning income and providing for one's needs. Psychological refers to the impact work has on an individual's mental well-being, including factors like job satisfaction and fulfillment. Social refers to the social interactions and relationships that are formed in the workplace, as well as the contribution work makes to society as a whole.Rate this question:
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- 10.
A central concern of career counselors should be:
- A.
Helping clients eliminate unnecessary life roles
- B.
Helping clients achieve a balance of life roles
- C.
Helping clients increase the time spent in their leisure role
- D.
Helping clients adjust their other roles to meet the demands of the work role
Correct Answer
B. Helping clients achieve a balance of life rolesExplanation
Career counselors should prioritize helping clients achieve a balance of life roles. This means assisting individuals in effectively managing and integrating their various roles, such as work, family, personal, and leisure, to ensure a harmonious and fulfilling life. By achieving a balance, clients can avoid feeling overwhelmed or neglecting important areas of their lives, leading to greater overall satisfaction and well-being.Rate this question:
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- 11.
Which career theory model stressed the importance of self-concept as gender self-concept that develops into a strong need that influences career choice?
- A.
Gottfredson's
- B.
Holland's
- C.
Person-environment-correspondence
- D.
Multicultural career counseling model
Correct Answer
A. Gottfredson'sExplanation
Gottfredson's career theory model stresses the importance of self-concept as gender self-concept, which then develops into a strong need that influences career choice. This theory suggests that individuals have a natural inclination towards certain careers based on their gender self-concept. For example, women may be more inclined towards nurturing professions, while men may be more drawn to competitive and assertive roles. This theory emphasizes the role of individual preferences and self-perception in career decision-making.Rate this question:
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- 12.
Computerized and online career guidance systems are designed to?
- A.
Make decisions for people
- B.
Eliminate the job of a career counselor
- C.
Enhance the efforts of a career counselor
- D.
Overcome client inhibitions concerning the use of a computer
Correct Answer
C. Enhance the efforts of a career counselorExplanation
Computerized and online career guidance systems are designed to enhance the efforts of a career counselor. These systems provide additional tools and resources to career counselors, allowing them to better assist their clients in making informed career decisions. The systems can provide assessments, information about different career paths, and personalized recommendations based on individual interests and skills. By utilizing these systems, career counselors can enhance their ability to guide and support their clients in their career exploration and decision-making process.Rate this question:
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- 13.
From an ethical perspective, ______________________ should be the counselor's ultimate concern.
- A.
Agency welfare
- B.
Client welfare
- C.
Counselor welfare
- D.
Welfare of the professsion
Correct Answer
B. Client welfareExplanation
From an ethical perspective, the counselor's ultimate concern should be client welfare. This means that the counselor's primary focus should be on the well-being and best interests of their clients. This includes ensuring that clients receive appropriate and effective treatment, maintaining confidentiality, and advocating for their rights. The ethical guidelines for counselors emphasize the importance of prioritizing client welfare above all other considerations.Rate this question:
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- 14.
The client's right to privacy is usually expressed in terms of:
- A.
Oath of secrecy
- B.
Privacy rule
- C.
Confidentiality
- D.
Boundaries of competence
Correct Answer
C. ConfidentialityExplanation
Confidentiality refers to the client's right to have their personal information kept private and not disclosed without their consent. It ensures that any information shared during therapy sessions remains confidential between the client and the therapist. This allows the client to feel safe and trust that their personal information will not be shared with others unless required by law or if there is a risk of harm to themselves or others. Confidentiality is a fundamental aspect of ethical practice in therapy and is essential for building a therapeutic relationship based on trust and respect.Rate this question:
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- 15.
Under which of the following conditions might confidentiality be broken?
- A.
Never
- B.
When your employer requests the information
- C.
When another professional requests the information
- D.
When there is clear and imminent danger to the client or others
Correct Answer
D. When there is clear and imminent danger to the client or othersExplanation
Confidentiality may be broken when there is clear and imminent danger to the client or others. This means that if a situation arises where the client or someone else's safety is at risk, the professional may need to disclose confidential information in order to protect them. This exception ensures that the well-being and safety of individuals take precedence over maintaining confidentiality.Rate this question:
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- 16.
_______________ involves disclosure by the counselor of important information the client needs in making the decision as to whether she or he is to start counseling?
- A.
Free consent
- B.
Informed consent
- C.
Partial consent
- D.
Right to know consent
Correct Answer
B. Informed consentExplanation
Informed consent involves disclosure by the counselor of important information the client needs in making the decision as to whether she or he is to start counseling. This means that the counselor must provide the client with all relevant information about the counseling process, including the goals, methods, potential risks and benefits, and any other information that may help the client make an informed decision. Informed consent ensures that the client has the necessary information to make a voluntary and autonomous decision about whether to engage in counseling.Rate this question:
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- 17.
Freud defined good mental health as:
- A.
The ability to love and work
- B.
A satisfying sex life
- C.
The ability to sublimate instinctual forces into one's work
- D.
Satisfactory resolution of the Oedipal (or Electra) triangle
Correct Answer
A. The ability to love and workExplanation
Freud defined good mental health as the ability to love and work. This means that a mentally healthy individual is capable of forming and maintaining healthy relationships, as well as being productive and fulfilled in their professional life. This definition emphasizes the importance of both emotional and occupational well-being in achieving overall mental health. It suggests that a balanced combination of love and work contributes to a person's psychological well-being and overall happiness.Rate this question:
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- 18.
The performance of an occupation is a specific place for a specific employer is:
- A.
Vocation
- B.
Career
- C.
Job
- D.
Profession
Correct Answer
C. JobExplanation
The term "job" refers to the performance of an occupation in a specific place for a specific employer. It is a broad term that encompasses various types of work and does not necessarily imply a long-term commitment or professional advancement. In contrast, "vocation" typically refers to a strong inclination or calling towards a particular occupation, "career" denotes a long-term profession with opportunities for advancement, and "profession" refers to a specialized occupation requiring advanced education or training.Rate this question:
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- 19.
Although woman and minorities make up more than half of the United States workforce, a much smaller proportion holds senior management positions. This is an example of the ___________________.
- A.
Gendered ceiling
- B.
Glass ceiling
- C.
White ceiling
- D.
Wood celiing
Correct Answer
B. Glass ceilingExplanation
The given correct answer, "glass ceiling," refers to an invisible barrier that prevents women and minorities from advancing to higher positions in the workplace, despite their qualifications and abilities. It highlights the disparity between the demographics of the workforce and the representation in senior management roles. This term is commonly used to describe the systemic discrimination and biases that hinder the career progression of underrepresented groups.Rate this question:
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- 20.
The Americans with Disabilities Act requires that:
- A.
People with disabilities be treated like everyone else
- B.
Training programs for individuals with disabilities to live independently be provided
- C.
Sensitivity training for people without disabilities to better understand people with disabilities be provided
- D.
Individuals with disabilities not be discriminated against with respect to access to employment
Correct Answer
D. Individuals with disabilities not be discriminated against with respect to access to employmentExplanation
The Americans with Disabilities Act prohibits discrimination against individuals with disabilities in terms of employment opportunities. This means that employers cannot discriminate against individuals with disabilities when it comes to hiring, promotion, or any other aspect of employment. The Act ensures that individuals with disabilities have equal access to employment opportunities and are treated fairly in the workplace.Rate this question:
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- 21.
Decades of research consistently show that interests crystallize at about age:
- A.
16
- B.
18
- C.
24
- D.
40
Correct Answer
B. 18Explanation
Research has consistently shown that interests tend to crystallize or become more stable around the age of 18. This means that by this age, individuals have a clearer understanding of their likes, preferences, and passions. It is during this time that they start making decisions about their career paths and future goals based on their interests. This finding is important for educators, parents, and individuals themselves as it suggests that early exposure and exploration of various interests can help in the process of interest crystallization.Rate this question:
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- 22.
Most comprehensive career guidance programs result in:
- A.
Students graduating with a career plan
- B.
Students graduating with specialized skills
- C.
Students graduating with several college offers
- D.
Students graduating with multiple scholarships
Correct Answer
A. Students graduating with a career planExplanation
Most comprehensive career guidance programs aim to provide students with the necessary tools and resources to make informed decisions about their future career paths. These programs typically involve assessments, counseling, and exploration of various career options. By participating in such programs, students are more likely to have a clear understanding of their interests, strengths, and goals, which enables them to develop a well-defined career plan. This plan helps them make informed choices about their education, internships, and job opportunities, ultimately leading to a successful transition from education to the workforce.Rate this question:
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- 23.
Which of the following is NOT a good interview strategy?
- A.
Criticize your former employee
- B.
Ask questions of your interviewer
- C.
Smile often and make eye contact
- D.
Research the employing agency or institution prior to the interview
Correct Answer
A. Criticize your former employeeExplanation
Criticizing your former employee is not a good interview strategy because it shows a lack of professionalism and can make the interviewer question your ability to work well with others. It is important to maintain a positive and professional attitude during the interview process.Rate this question:
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- 24.
When considering resumes, employers:
- A.
Spend at least 15 minutes reviewing each resume
- B.
Look for what the company can provide for the applicant
- C.
Look for resumes that look good and are easy to review
- D.
Search for information that would determine whether applicant should be hired
Correct Answer
D. Search for information that would determine whether applicant should be hiredExplanation
Employers search for information that would determine whether an applicant should be hired because they need to assess the qualifications, skills, and experience of the candidates. They review resumes to find relevant information such as education, work experience, achievements, and skills that match the requirements of the job. By evaluating this information, employers can make an informed decision about whether a candidate is suitable for the position.Rate this question:
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- 25.
Which of the following is NOT typically included on a resume?
- A.
Personal interests
- B.
Religious background
- C.
Contact information
- D.
Work experience
Correct Answer
B. Religious backgroundExplanation
Religious background is not typically included on a resume because it is considered personal and unrelated to professional qualifications. Resumes are meant to showcase an individual's skills, education, and work experience, which are directly relevant to the job they are applying for. Personal interests, contact information, and work experience, on the other hand, provide valuable insights into an applicant's abilities, qualifications, and suitability for a particular role.Rate this question:
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- 26.
Training under the supervision of an expert worker is...
- A.
An example of tech-prep
- B.
A function of cooperative education
- C.
Called an apprenticeship
- D.
Unregulated by federal and state laws
Correct Answer
C. Called an apprenticeshipExplanation
Training under the supervision of an expert worker is called an apprenticeship. Apprenticeships involve learning a specific trade or skill through a combination of on-the-job training and classroom instruction. This type of training allows individuals to gain practical experience and knowledge from experienced professionals in their chosen field. Apprenticeships are often regulated by federal and state laws to ensure proper standards and qualifications are met.Rate this question:
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- 27.
Most career development authors believe that personal and career counseling
- A.
Should be done by different individuals with different qualifications.
- B.
Have little in common, as personal issues do not affect career issues.
- C.
Overlap considerably as both career and personal issues affect each other.
- D.
Can be done by the same persona if the counselor recognizes that the two types of counseling are significantly different.
Correct Answer
C. Overlap considerably as both career and personal issues affect each other.Explanation
The correct answer is that personal and career counseling overlap considerably as both career and personal issues affect each other. This means that personal issues can have an impact on one's career and vice versa. Therefore, it is important for counselors to address both aspects in order to provide comprehensive support and guidance to individuals seeking career development.Rate this question:
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- 28.
If an employer advertises in the newspaper for a cashier to work in her pharmacy, she is concerned with which of these concepts?
- A.
Career
- B.
Occupation
- C.
Career choice
- D.
Employee satisfaction
Correct Answer
B. OccupationExplanation
The correct answer is occupation because the employer is specifically looking for a cashier to work in her pharmacy. Occupation refers to a specific job or profession that a person engages in to earn a living. In this case, the employer is focused on finding someone to fulfill a specific role within her pharmacy, which is the occupation of a cashier.Rate this question:
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- 29.
Which of the following is NOT a principle of counseling ethical codes?
- A.
Autonomy
- B.
Beneficence
- C.
Fidelity
- D.
Legality
Correct Answer
D. LegalityExplanation
The principle of legality is not a principle of counseling ethical codes. Counseling ethical codes typically include principles such as autonomy, which refers to respecting the client's right to make decisions; beneficence, which means acting in the best interest of the client; and fidelity, which involves being loyal and trustworthy to the client. However, legality refers to following the laws and regulations of the profession, and while important, it is not considered a fundamental principle of counseling ethics.Rate this question:
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- 30.
When clients discuss their need to dominate others in order to maintain a sense of well-being, they are discussing topics similar to those measured by
- A.
Achievement tests
- B.
Aptitude tests
- C.
Interest inventories
- D.
Personality inventories
Correct Answer
D. Personality inventoriesExplanation
When clients discuss their need to dominate others in order to maintain a sense of well-being, they are discussing topics related to their personality traits and tendencies. Personality inventories are specifically designed to measure and assess various aspects of an individual's personality, including dominant or controlling tendencies. These inventories provide insights into an individual's behavior, thoughts, and emotions, helping professionals understand their clients' personality characteristics and how they may impact their well-being. Therefore, the correct answer is personality inventories.Rate this question:
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- 31.
When clients say, "The test told me I should be a farmer or plumber", they are probably misinterpreting a/an
- A.
Achievement test
- B.
Interest inventory
- C.
Personality inventory
- D.
Values inventory or scale
Correct Answer
B. Interest inventoryExplanation
When clients say that the test told them they should be a farmer or plumber, they are likely misinterpreting an interest inventory. An interest inventory is a type of assessment that helps individuals identify their interests and preferences in various career fields. It provides information about the types of activities and industries that individuals may find enjoyable or fulfilling. However, it does not provide a definitive answer or dictate what career someone should pursue. It simply offers insights into areas that align with their interests.Rate this question:
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- 32.
The O*NET classification system takes the place of the
- A.
Holland's system
- B.
Dictionary of Occupational Titles
- C.
Guide for Occupational Exploration System
- D.
Standard Occupational Classification System
Correct Answer
B. Dictionary of Occupational TitlesExplanation
The O*NET classification system replaces the Dictionary of Occupational Titles as a resource for occupational information. The Dictionary of Occupational Titles was a publication that provided information on job titles, tasks, and requirements. The O*NET classification system, on the other hand, is a more modern and comprehensive system that includes detailed information on job characteristics, skills, abilities, and interests. It is a widely used resource for career exploration, job analysis, and workforce development.Rate this question:
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- 33.
A problem that members of minorities have faced in the past is
- A.
Failure to assess their values
- B.
Failure to assess their interests
- C.
Lack of available occupational information
- D.
A lack of knowledge about social service occupations
Correct Answer
C. Lack of available occupational informationExplanation
Members of minorities have faced a problem in the past due to a lack of available occupational information. This means that they did not have access to sufficient information about different job opportunities, career paths, and industries. As a result, they may have been unaware of the various options available to them and the qualifications required for those positions. This lack of information could have limited their ability to make informed decisions about their career choices and hindered their professional growth and advancement.Rate this question:
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- 34.
Information of gender and pay shows that
- A.
Women tend to earn more while men earn less.
- B.
Women tend to enter highly paid professions.
- C.
Women receive high salaries early in their careers.
- D.
Men tend to earn more while women earn less.
Correct Answer
D. Men tend to earn more while women earn less.Explanation
The given information suggests that men tend to earn more while women earn less. This conclusion can be drawn from the statement that women tend to enter highly paid professions, which implies that they are not earning as much as men in these professions. Additionally, the information does not mention anything about women earning more or receiving high salaries early in their careers, further supporting the conclusion that men earn more than women.Rate this question:
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- 35.
John Holland originally started his theory with
- A.
Research occupations
- B.
Psychometric findings about values
- C.
The idea that career choice is an extension of peoples personalities.
- D.
The research detailing specific principles used to work adjustment theory.
Correct Answer
C. The idea that career choice is an extension of peoples personalities.Explanation
John Holland's theory of career choice is based on the idea that individuals tend to choose occupations that align with their personalities. He believed that people possess certain personality types, such as realistic, investigative, artistic, social, enterprising, and conventional, and that these types are related to specific career choices. According to Holland, individuals are more likely to be satisfied and successful in careers that match their personality types. Therefore, the correct answer is "the idea that career choice is an extension of peoples personalities."Rate this question:
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- 36.
People who like to persuade others about the usefulness of their own political ideas are most likely to be
- A.
Artistic
- B.
Enterprising
- C.
Conventional
- D.
Realistic
Correct Answer
B. EnterprisingExplanation
People who like to persuade others about the usefulness of their own political ideas are most likely to be enterprising. This is because enterprising individuals are typically ambitious, assertive, and persuasive. They enjoy taking charge, influencing others, and are often motivated by success and achievement. These characteristics make them more inclined to engage in political discussions and try to convince others of the value of their own political beliefs. Artistic individuals may focus more on expressing themselves creatively, conventional individuals may prefer to follow established norms, and realistic individuals may prioritize practicality over persuasion.Rate this question:
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- 37.
The goal of trait-and-factor approach to career counseling is to
- A.
Find a person a job
- B.
Identify the degree of fit between the person and the occupation
- C.
Seek support and possibly refer an individual to a more skilled professional or an employment agency
- D.
Identify areas in one's life that have affected the success or failure on a previous job and not make the same mistake again.
Correct Answer
B. Identify the degree of fit between the person and the occupationExplanation
The goal of the trait-and-factor approach to career counseling is to identify the degree of fit between the person and the occupation. This approach focuses on assessing an individual's traits, interests, values, and skills, and then matching them with the requirements and characteristics of different occupations. By doing so, career counselors can help individuals make informed decisions about their career paths and increase the likelihood of finding job satisfaction and success.Rate this question:
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- 38.
The theory that focuses on the career development process as it relates to the types of compromises people make in forming their occupational aspirations was presented by
- A.
Super
- B.
Holland
- C.
Krumboltz
- D.
Gottfredson
Correct Answer
D. GottfredsonExplanation
Gottfredson's theory focuses on the career development process and the compromises individuals make in forming their occupational aspirations. This theory suggests that people consider various factors such as their abilities, interests, and opportunities when making career choices. It emphasizes the importance of realistic decision-making and the role of social influences in shaping career aspirations. Gottfredson's theory provides a framework for understanding how individuals navigate the career development process and make compromises to align their aspirations with available opportunities.Rate this question:
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- 39.
High self-efficacy leads one to be
- A.
Less successful
- B.
More persistent
- C.
More likely to give up
- D.
More likely to use drugs
Correct Answer
B. More persistentExplanation
High self-efficacy refers to an individual's belief in their own abilities to succeed in specific situations. When someone has high self-efficacy, they are more likely to be persistent in their efforts to achieve their goals. This is because they have confidence in their abilities and believe that their actions will lead to successful outcomes. Therefore, the correct answer is "more persistent."Rate this question:
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- 40.
Gladys has been a real estate agent for 20 years. She finds that she is less willing to work evening and weekends than she once was. As a result, her commissions have diminished slightly in the past year. According to Super, she is currently in this substage:
- A.
Decelerating
- B.
Holding
- C.
Innovating
- D.
Updating
Correct Answer
A. DeceleratingExplanation
The term "decelerating" means slowing down or decreasing. In the given scenario, Gladys has been a real estate agent for 20 years and she is now less willing to work evenings and weekends. This indicates a decrease in her willingness to put in extra effort or work longer hours, which has resulted in a slight decrease in her commissions. Therefore, it can be inferred that Gladys is currently in the substage of decelerating, where her productivity or performance is slowing down.Rate this question:
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- 41.
According to social cognitive theory, Tom's concern about his difficulty in learning biology is an example of
- A.
A goal statement
- B.
Self-efficacy concerns
- C.
Associative learning
- D.
Outcome expectations
Correct Answer
B. Self-efficacy concernsExplanation
Tom's concern about his difficulty in learning biology is an example of self-efficacy concerns. Self-efficacy refers to an individual's belief in their ability to successfully perform a specific task or achieve a desired outcome. In this case, Tom's concern about his difficulty in learning biology indicates that he lacks confidence in his ability to understand and succeed in the subject. This self-doubt and lack of belief in his own capabilities are characteristic of self-efficacy concerns.Rate this question:
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- 42.
In a collectivist culture:
- A.
Self-reliance is emphasized
- B.
Individual goals defer to group goals
- C.
Group goals defer to individual goals
- D.
Food gathering is an important social event
Correct Answer
B. Individual goals defer to group goalsExplanation
In a collectivist culture, individual goals defer to group goals. This means that the needs and desires of the individual are secondary to the needs and goals of the larger group or community. In such cultures, the emphasis is placed on the well-being and harmony of the group as a whole, rather than on individual achievements or aspirations. This can manifest in various ways, such as prioritizing collective decision-making, valuing cooperation and collaboration, and promoting social cohesion and interdependence.Rate this question:
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- 43.
Using one's work as an opportunity for self expression seems to be more possible for which major occupational group?
- A.
Skilled
- B.
Unskilled
- C.
Professional
- D.
Sales and kindred
Correct Answer
C. ProfessionalExplanation
Professionals, such as artists, writers, musicians, and actors, often have more opportunities to express themselves through their work. They are typically engaged in creative and intellectual pursuits that allow for self-expression and personal interpretation. In contrast, skilled and unskilled workers may have limited opportunities for self-expression as their work is often focused on specific tasks or following instructions. Sales and kindred occupations are primarily focused on selling products or services, which may not provide as much room for personal expression.Rate this question:
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- 44.
You are interpreting an interest or personality inventory and find that a client has a t-score of 50 on a particular scale. You would interpret that as the person:
- A.
Scoring well below average
- B.
Scoring right at average
- C.
Scoring well above average
- D.
All of the above
Correct Answer
B. Scoring right at averageExplanation
A t-score of 50 indicates that the person is scoring right at average. In psychological assessments, t-scores are often used to compare an individual's score to a normative sample. A t-score of 50 is the average score within that sample, suggesting that the person's score is neither exceptionally high nor low compared to others.Rate this question:
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- 45.
Your client has the following test profile: Openness~ 54; Conscientiousness~ 62; Extraversion~ 35; Agreeableness~43; Neuroticism~62. Which is the most accurate description of this person's personality? This person
- A.
Tends to be trusting, is self-disciplined and responsible, and tends to be worry-free.
- B.
Tends to avoid new experiences, is somewhat disorganized, and tends to worry.
- C.
Is creative, enjoys being in large groups where s/he feels relatively uninhibited, and is pretty much worry-free.
- D.
Is more likely to prefer working alone or with a small group, tends to worry, and is self-disciplined and responsible
Correct Answer
D. Is more likely to prefer working alone or with a small group, tends to worry, and is self-disciplined and responsibleExplanation
This person's high level of conscientiousness suggests that they are self-disciplined and responsible. Their tendency to worry is indicated by their high level of neuroticism. Additionally, their preference for working alone or in a small group is suggested by their lower level of extraversion. Therefore, the most accurate description of this person's personality is that they are more likely to prefer working alone or with a small group, tend to worry, and are self-disciplined and responsible.Rate this question:
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- 46.
Providing career counseling for ____________ could be considered unethical behavior.
- A.
Adolescents
- B.
A felon
- C.
A relative
- D.
A retired person
Correct Answer
C. A relativeExplanation
Providing career counseling for a relative could be considered unethical behavior because it creates a conflict of interest. The counselor may not be able to provide unbiased advice and may prioritize the interests of their relative over other clients. This could compromise the integrity and fairness of the counseling process. It is important for counselors to maintain professional boundaries and avoid potential conflicts of interest to ensure the best outcomes for their clients.Rate this question:
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- 47.
Clara enjoys fixing cars and understanding how they work. She would like to learn how to improve the design of automobile engines and to work on developing better ignition systems. Her Holland personality type is most likely to be
- A.
Artistic and Investigative
- B.
Enterprising and Investigative
- C.
Realistic and Investigative
- D.
Conventional and Investigative
Correct Answer
C. Realistic and InvestigativeExplanation
Clara's enjoyment of fixing cars and her desire to improve the design of automobile engines and ignition systems indicate a strong interest in hands-on work and problem-solving. This aligns with the Holland personality types of Realistic and Investigative. Realistic individuals are practical, mechanically inclined, and enjoy working with their hands, which matches Clara's interest in fixing cars. Investigative individuals are curious, analytical, and enjoy exploring and understanding how things work, which aligns with Clara's desire to improve the design of engines and ignition systems.Rate this question:
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- 48.
Adapting to planned happenstance is a feature of
- A.
Holland's theory
- B.
Work adjustment theory
- C.
Social cognitive theory
- D.
Krumboltz's social learning theory
Correct Answer
D. Krumboltz's social learning theoryExplanation
Krumboltz's social learning theory emphasizes the role of social factors in career development. It suggests that individuals can adapt to unplanned events and opportunities by learning from their social environment. This theory emphasizes the importance of learning through observation, modeling, and social interactions. Adapting to planned happenstance aligns with this theory because it highlights the ability to be flexible and responsive to unexpected events in one's career path.Rate this question:
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- 49.
Which of the following is true about bartering to pay for counseling services?
- A.
Bartering is never appropriate under any circumstances
- B.
Bartering for either services or physical objects is okay as long as the client is a relative
- C.
Bartering for a physical possession of the clients sometimes might be fine, but NOT bartering for client services
- D.
Bartering for client services to you sometimes might be fine, but NOT bartering for a physical possession of the clients
Correct Answer
C. Bartering for a physical possession of the clients sometimes might be fine, but NOT bartering for client servicesExplanation
Bartering for a physical possession of the clients sometimes might be fine, but NOT bartering for client services. This means that it is acceptable to exchange counseling services for a physical possession, such as an item or service, but it is not appropriate to exchange counseling services for another type of service provided by the client.Rate this question:
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- 50.
A diagram of family relationships is called a
- A.
Career-o-gram
- B.
Zen-o-gram
- C.
Telegram
- D.
Genogram
Correct Answer
D. GenogramExplanation
A diagram of family relationships is called a genogram. A genogram is a visual representation that depicts family members and their connections, including information about their relationships, medical history, and other relevant details. It is often used in fields like psychology, social work, and medicine to better understand family dynamics and identify patterns or issues within a family system.Rate this question:
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Mar 17, 2023Quiz Edited by
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Nov 24, 2013Quiz Created by
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