High-Level Grammar: Advanced Passive and Causative Forms Quiz

The correct form is The bridge is being repaired by them — it keeps the present continuous tense.

Have arrested becomes has been arrested in passive form.

In active voice, the subject (researchers) performs the action.

Each maintains the original tense and meaning while converting to passive.

With two objects, either the person (her) or the thing (truth) can become the subject.

Example: She got her phone repaired = someone repaired her phone.

These are complex passive structures using patterns like “is believed to have…,” “is said to…,” and “is thought to have been…,” common in advanced or formal writing.

The structure have been given shows a passive verb; the agent is simply omitted.

This is an example of an impersonal passive construction.

Have and make can both show someone causing another person to act (I had the house cleaned / I made him apologize).

Verbs like make in passive take to + infinitive (unlike active form).

The receiver of the action moves to the subject position.

Impersonal passives are useful for formal reports and objective writing.

Passive structures are used to focus on actions or results instead of individuals.

Causatives express that someone arranges for another person to perform the action.