Veterinary Technician Certification Prep Quiz

The sterility of items in a heat-sealed plastic and paper surgical pouch pack on open shelves is at least one year. But it is always better to keep sterilized items in a clean, closed, dust-free cabinet.

Debakey vascular thumb forceps have multiple delicate teeth and are good for vascular surgery. Brown-Adson forceps have intermeshing teeth; they are used for suturing and wound closure. Rat tooth forceps have large interlocking teeth and are used for tough connective tissue and fascia. Russian thumb forceps are good for needle handling but are hard on tissues.

Thrombocytes are actually platelets, which help clot blood.

Rodents like rabbits and hamsters are at a high risk of developing enterotoxemia when exposed to antibiotics, which disrupt their normal gut flora.

Periodontitis is typically a more chronic and severe problem compared to gingivitis. Periodontal disease includes gingivitis (gum inflammation) and peridontitis (more chronic, severe damage from bacterial plaque).

s.i.d. means once a day. Remember 'S' for Single (s.i.d.), 'B' for Bi (twice a day, b.i.d.), 'T' for Tri (3 times a day, t.i.d.) and 'Q' for Quad (4 times a day, q.i.d.). Many clinics use capital letters (SID, BID, TID, etc., to mean the same things). prn or PRN means 'as needed'. q.o.d. means 'every OTHER day'. Some clinics use e. o.d. to mean every other day.

A frick speculum is a blunt ended metal tube used in large animal medicine to protect a plastic orogastric tube from being bitten, typically during procedures involving the insertion of the tube into a cow's mouth for various medical interventions.

Iatrogenic problems are those caused by the therapy or treatment itself, not by genetic predispositions, inbreeding, or diseases that improve without treatment.

Hip luxation is another term for hip dislocation, which is a common issue in dogs and cats, often caused by trauma such as being hit by a car.

Rostral means towards the nose. Cranial means towards the head. Caudal means towards the tail/hind end. Ventral is towards the belly.

Correct storage of fresh or frozen plasma is crucial to maintain its integrity and effectiveness. The incorrect answers provided do not align with the standard storage guidelines for plasma.

English bulldogs are brachycephalic which means that they have broad short head, and pushed in faces. Dolichocephalic dogs are the long narrow headed dogs. Doberman pinschers are typical. Cephalic index is the ratio of the maximum width of the head to its maximum length.

Another name for dilated pupils is mydriasis. Two commonly used pre-anesthetics, atropine and glycopyrrolate, both cause mydriasis. When both pupils are small, that is called miosis. Meiosis is a form of cell division. Myiasis is a name for invasion of tissue by parasitic fly larvae, like screwworm fly larvae.

Serum total protein is the sum of globulins and albumin. To calculate total protein, you need to add albumin and globulin levels together.

Conjunctivitis is inflammation of the tissues around the eyes. Look for reddening and swelling. Conjunctivitis can be caused by irritants or infections.

Think of acidifying diets with feline urolithiasis (FUS, bladder stones). Acidifying diet is prevents struvite-related urinary tract disease (by dissolving the crytals). Struvite crystal formation is not possible at a urine PH below 6.5.An acidifying diet is NOT recommended for kittens and older cats.

About half, 45%, of canine mammary tumors are malignant. Note that this is DIFFERENT than cats. About 90% of feline mammary tumors are malignant!

Orchitis is inflammation of one or both testicles characterized by pain, and sensitivity to touch. Phlebitis is inflammation of the veins and may be associated with formation of blood clots. Cryptorchid animals have an undescended testicle. Phimosis is a condition where the penis cannot be extruded because of a small constricted preputial orifice.

The thicker the tissue, the more the x-ray scatters. Thick body parts like thorax, abdomen, skull and joints greater than 10 cm require a grid. A grid is like the focusing lens in a camera. A high-ratio grid permits FEWER x-rays to pass through it from the animal, but you get a better, more high-resolution radiograph. The grid prevents scattered radiation from reaching an x-ray film, so that only the primary, directly aimed x-rays penetrate straight into the animal for the best image. An x-ray grid is basically a plate made of alternating strips of lead, which block scattered x-rays, interspersed between strips of plastic or aluminum, which allow the straight x-rays through.

Ketamine (and tiletamine) are dissociative anesthetics often used as a pre-med to immobilize cats prior to catheter placement or induction of general anesthesia. A cat's EYES stay OPEN on ketamine/tiletamine, so must protect moisturize eyes with an eye ointment like Lacri-lube. Remember cats ARE vulnerable to laryngospasm if you touch the larynx too much/too roughly during intubation for gas anesthesia. Spray w/ lidocaine topical anesthetic to prevent laryngospasm.

Acepromazine, ketamine, and xylazine are contraindicated in animals with a history of seizures. Thiopental is contraindicated in animals with a history of asthma, because it can cause apnea, and in Greyhounds. Morphine should not be used in cases of high intracranial pressure (like head trauma after being hit by a car). Diazepam and phenobarbital are drugs used to TREAT seizures.

Small pinpoint hemorrhages on the skin or mucus membranes are called petechiae. It is found in diseases that cause problems with coagulation. Larger hemorrhages (1-2 cm diameter) are called ecchymoses.

A zoonotic disease is one that can be transmitted from animals to people, posing a potential health risk. This distinction is important for monitoring and controlling the spread of diseases that can impact both animal and human populations.

The correct answer provides information on how to take the pulse of a horse using the anatomic area indicated by the red arrow. The incorrect answers are not relevant to the topic of equine pulse palpation.

Dexon, Vicryl, PDS (and catgut and Maxon) are all absorbable.Surgical gut (also known as catgut) is an absorbable (nonsynthetic) material made from the submucosal layer of sheep intestine.Absorbable synthetic sutures are Dexon, Maxon, Vicryl and PDS.Nonsynthetic nonabsorbable sutures are silk and stainless steel. Synthetic nonabsorbable sutures are Prolene, Ethilon, and Vetafil.

Drip rate = (Volume of solution in ml X drops/ml) / time in minutes. For this question, it is 300 ml X 60 drops/ml = 18,000 drops. Since the time is 6 hours which is equal to 360 minutes, the drip rate will be 18,000 drops / 360 min = 50 drops/min.

Anterior cruciate injuries are knee problems. Surgical approaches to repair hip dysplasia (like a triple pelvic osteotomy) would not go through the femoral triangle.

The surgical approaches Modified Whitehouse, Viborg's triangle, and Hyovertebrotomy all access the guttural pouch area in horses, commonly used for diseases such as guttural pouch tympany, empyema, and mycosis.

Atropine slows the gut, so there is concern that they might cause colic in HORSES. This is less likely with another anti-cholinergic, glycopyrrolate, so it is sometimes used to prevent bradycardia (slow heart rate) in anesthetized horses.