Pathology Chapter 1

Physiologic hypertrophy of the uterus refers to the normal increase in size of the uterus, typically seen during pregnancy or in response to hormonal changes. Pathologic atrophy, hyperplasia, and congenital malformation are different conditions unrelated to physiological hypertrophy.

The correct answer is a normal uterus as indicated in the image provided. Kidney, Lung, and Brain are incorrect choices as they do not match the structure shown.

The term 'gravid uterus' specifically refers to a uterus that is enlarged due to pregnancy. The other incorrect options do not relate to pregnancy or the female reproductive system.

The correct answer is a normal brain of a young adult. The other options are incorrect as they describe brains with different conditions or age groups.

The description provided matches the symptoms of Alzheimer's disease, which is characterized by brain atrophy, decreased blood supply, narrow gyri, and widening of sulci. Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, and Huntington's disease present with different symptoms and are not typically associated with these specific indicators.

The correct answer describes a specific type of tissue sample found in the kidney, while the incorrect answers refer to different tissues with specific pathologies.

The correct answer describes the characteristic features of early reversible ischemic injury, such as surface blebs, increased eosinophilia of cytoplasm, and swelling of occasional cells. The incorrect answers do not align with these specific features.

The correct answer describes the specific details seen in the electron microscope image provided, which allows for the identification of a normal epithelial cell of the proximal kidney tubule with microvilli. The incorrect answers do not align with the details visible in the image, making them incorrect choices.

The image shows an epithelial cell of the proximal tubule exhibiting signs of early cell injury. This is characterized by the loss of microvilli and the presence of blebs in the apical cytoplasm. The incorrect answers do not align with the description of the cell in the image, making them incorrect choices.

The process described in the question is apoptosis, which is distinct from mitosis, endocytosis, and osmosis in terms of characteristics and mechanisms.

The correct answer describes a necrotic cell showing electron dense deposits in mitochondria, which is a characteristic feature of necrosis. The incorrect answers do not accurately depict the features of a necrotic cell as described in the question.

The correct answer refers to the wedge shaped area of infarct in the kidney, which is different from the other incorrect options related to blood flow, filtration, and waste excretion.

The correct answer describes a specific microscopic view showing characteristics of an infarct in the kidney tissue. Option A is incorrect as it describes a normal kidney without cellular changes. Option B, C, and D are also incorrect as they describe different pathological conditions in other organs not related to the given microscopic view.

The correct answer is Fibrinoid necrosis in an artery, which is characterized by deposition of fibrin-like material in the walls of arteries. This finding is commonly seen in conditions such as vasculitis and hypertension. The incorrect answers provided do not describe the histological finding shown in the image.

A Civatte body is a specific term used to describe the appearance of an epidermal cell during a certain process, different from the other options provided.

The correct answer is 'ADAfD', as it matches the correct capitalization and arrangement of letters in the provided question.