Understanding Pathogens and Infectious Eye Diseases Quiz

1. What are the two main types of pathogens?

Fungi and Parasites

Toxins and Allergens

Virus and Bacteria

Protozoa and Prions

Pathogens are microorganisms that can cause disease in humans. The two main types of pathogens are viruses, which are infectious agents that replicate inside living cells, and bacteria, which are single-celled microorganisms that can cause infections.

Explanation

Pathogens are microorganisms that can cause disease in humans. The two main types of pathogens are viruses, which are infectious agents that replicate inside living cells, and bacteria, which are single-celled microorganisms that can cause infections.

2. What do Red Blood cells carry?

Nutrients

Water

Carbon dioxide

Oxygen

Red Blood cells carry oxygen, which is crucial for the body's cellular functions.

Explanation

Red Blood cells carry oxygen, which is crucial for the body's cellular functions.

3. Where are acids commonly found in the human body?

In our hair and nails.

In our eyes and ears.

In our stomach and vagina.

In our lungs and liver.

Acids are primarily found in the stomach for digestion and in the vagina to maintain a lower pH balance. The incorrect answers do not accurately reflect common locations for acids in the human body.

Explanation

Acids are primarily found in the stomach for digestion and in the vagina to maintain a lower pH balance. The incorrect answers do not accurately reflect common locations for acids in the human body.

4. What is the main cause of infectious diseases?

Environmental factors

Microorganisms- Pathogens

Improper hygiene

Genetic mutations

Infectious diseases are primarily caused by microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites that invade the body and cause illness. Genetic mutations, environmental factors, and improper hygiene can contribute to the spread of infectious diseases but are not the main cause.

Explanation

Infectious diseases are primarily caused by microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites that invade the body and cause illness. Genetic mutations, environmental factors, and improper hygiene can contribute to the spread of infectious diseases but are not the main cause.

5. How big are viruses compared to bacteria?

Microscopically smaller than bacteria.

1/100th of a bacterium

Bigger than bacteria.

Same size as bacteria.

Viruses are much smaller than bacteria, typically ranging from 1/100th to 1/1000th the size of a bacterium.

Explanation

Viruses are much smaller than bacteria, typically ranging from 1/100th to 1/1000th the size of a bacterium.

6. How can pathogens pass from person to person?

Physical exercise

Breathing the same air

Air particles, body fluids, direct contact, animal bites, sharing needles.

Food sharing

Pathogens can spread through various means such as air particles, body fluids, direct contact, animal bites, and sharing needles. Options like food sharing, breathing the same air, and physical exercise are not common ways for pathogens to pass from person to person.

Explanation

Pathogens can spread through various means such as air particles, body fluids, direct contact, animal bites, and sharing needles. Options like food sharing, breathing the same air, and physical exercise are not common ways for pathogens to pass from person to person.

7. Who is Edward Jenner?

He invented penicillin.

He discovered immunisations.

He pioneered genetic engineering.

He founded modern psychology.

Edward Jenner is known for his significant contribution in the field of vaccinations by developing the smallpox vaccine, not for the other options provided.

Explanation

Edward Jenner is known for his significant contribution in the field of vaccinations by developing the smallpox vaccine, not for the other options provided.

8. What significant event occurred in the 1840's in relation to infections?

Joseph Lister pioneered the use of antiseptic principles in surgery in the 1860's.

Louis Pasteur discovered penicillin in 1928.

Florence Nightingale established the first nursing school in London in 1860.

Ignaz semmelweiss cut down from 12-2% of woman dying in hospital due to his anticeptic solution.

In the 1840's, Ignaz Semmelweis made a groundbreaking discovery by reducing mortality rates with his antiseptic solution, which was a major advancement in the field of medicine during that time period.

Explanation

In the 1840's, Ignaz Semmelweis made a groundbreaking discovery by reducing mortality rates with his antiseptic solution, which was a major advancement in the field of medicine during that time period.

9. What is the primary function of platelets?

Platlets make a mesh of fibre accross scabs. (scabs)

Platelets transport oxygen in the bloodstream

Platelets aid in digestion process

Platelets regulate body temperature

Platelets play a crucial role in blood clotting by forming a mesh of fibers at the site of an injury to stop bleeding.

Explanation

Platelets play a crucial role in blood clotting by forming a mesh of fibers at the site of an injury to stop bleeding.

10. How big are bacteria?

The same size as a body cell.

1/10th of a body cell.

10 times the size of a body cell.

1/100th of a body cell

Bacteria are typically much smaller than body cells, with the correct answer being 1/100th of a body cell.

Explanation

Bacteria are typically much smaller than body cells, with the correct answer being 1/100th of a body cell.

11. What are the 5 barrier defenses we have to protect us from disease?

Immune system, digestive system, respiratory system, circulatory system, nervous system

Hair, nails, blood, bone marrow, lymph nodes

Antibiotics, vaccines, hand sanitizer, disinfectants, antibiotics

Skin, musus, cilia, acids and Platelets

The correct barrier defenses are physical barriers (skin), mucus membranes (mucus), respiratory system (cilia), stomach acid (acids), and blood clotting (platelets), which help protect the body from pathogenic invaders.

Explanation

The correct barrier defenses are physical barriers (skin), mucus membranes (mucus), respiratory system (cilia), stomach acid (acids), and blood clotting (platelets), which help protect the body from pathogenic invaders.