ExercÍcio De FixaÇÃo – 2° Ano

The correct answer is Realista because the phrase suggests that the author did not have children and did not pass on the legacy of their misery to anyone, indicating a realistic perspective on life.

The correct answer is the portrayal of society and its flaws in an ironic and merciless language about man and his social masks. This is because the realist school of literature, represented by authors like Machado de Assis, Raul Pompéia, and Aluísio Azevedo, aimed to depict society as it truly was, exposing its problems and hypocrisies. They used irony and a harsh language to criticize the social masks that people wore, revealing the true nature of human behavior and society's flaws.

The correct answer is II, III e IV estão corretas. The Realism literary movement in Brazil was characterized by portraying reality as it is, departing from stereotypes and romanticized views that were prevalent at the time. The options that correctly describe the historical context in which Realism is situated are: II) Due to intense social and political transformations, Brazil is portrayed with fidelity, reacting to romantic proposals of idealization of man and society. III) The country was experiencing the decline of sugar production and the shift of the economic center to Rio de Janeiro due to the growth of the coffee trade. IV) Realism had a strong influence from positivist theories originating in France, where there was also a movement of intense observation of reality and discontent with the country's political and social direction.

The correct answer is "positivista e evolucionista" because the characteristics of Realism, such as the emphasis on scientific observation and the belief in progress and evolution, align with the positivist and evolutionary ideologies of the time. Positivism emphasized the use of scientific methods to study society, while evolutionism focused on the idea of progress and development over time. Therefore, the characteristics of Realism can be seen as reflecting these two ideologies.

Machado de Assis's literary work includes a variety of genres such as short stories, poems, and novels. This statement highlights the breadth of his literary output, showcasing his versatility as a writer. It suggests that Machado de Assis was not limited to a single genre but explored different forms of storytelling. This adds to his reputation as one of the most important and influential Brazilian writers, as he was able to excel in various literary forms.