Mesopotâmia

The image above depicts the goddess Ishtar, the Mesopotamian goddess of love. Based on the image, the best option to describe this goddess is that she was zooanthropomorphic, meaning she had the form of a human mixed with other animals.

As cidades-estado mesopotâmicas eram independentes entre si, cada uma sendo governada por uma pessoa diferente. Os governos eram teocráticos, ou seja, eram estabelecidos em nome de Deus. This means that the rulers of these city-states claimed to have divine authority to govern.

The correct answer is "Ideogramas - Pois cada símbolo representa uma ideia diferente, essa ideia pode ser concreta, como um homem ou uma pedra, ou abstrata, como felicidade." This is because the passage mentions that the cuneiform writing of the Mesopotamians involved symbols that represented different ideas, which could be concrete objects or abstract concepts. Ideograms are a type of writing system where symbols represent ideas or concepts rather than specific sounds or words, making this the best description of the Mesopotamian writing.

The correct answer is "Sacerdotes." In Mesopotamian cities, the priests held significant power and control. They were responsible for religious rituals, maintaining the temples, and interpreting the will of the gods. Additionally, they played a role in the administration of the city-states, often advising the kings and participating in decision-making processes. The priests' influence extended beyond religious matters, making them the primary controllers of the cities in Mesopotamia.

The correct answer is "Eufrates." The question asks for an important river that flows through Mesopotamian cities. The Euphrates River is indeed an important river that passes through Mesopotamia, along with the Tigris River. These two rivers played a significant role in the development of ancient civilizations in the region, providing water for agriculture, transportation, and trade.

The correct answer is "Proteger a morada dos deuses." In the story of Gilgamesh, the Mesopotamian sphinx serves the function of protecting the dwelling place of the gods.

Zoomórfica is the correct answer because it refers to the attribute of the Mesopotamian religion that involved the worship or representation of deities in animal form. This characteristic is seen in the religious art and iconography of the ancient Mesopotamians, where gods and goddesses were often depicted with animal features or as fully zoomorphic beings. This belief system attributed divine qualities and powers to animals, emphasizing their importance and symbolism in religious rituals and mythology.

Hamurabi, imperador da Babilônia, é conhecido por ter iniciado a prática da escravidão durante o seu governo. Essa escravidão era composta pelos soldados das outras cidades que foram conquistadas por ele.

The correct answer is b-) Em ambos, em determinado momento houve escravidão. This option incorrectly states that at some point slavery existed in both Egypt and Mesopotamia. Slavery was not present in ancient Egypt, as the society relied on a system of corvée labor rather than chattel slavery. However, slavery did exist in Mesopotamia, where prisoners of war and debtors could be enslaved. Therefore, this option is incorrect in stating that slavery existed in both civilizations.

The Mesopotamians used clay as their main building and writing material because they were not yet capable of building houses out of stone or wood.

After the time of Hammurabi, Babylon became a theocracy, which means it was ruled by religious leaders who claimed to have divine authority. In a theocracy, religious laws and principles govern the state, and the ruler is often seen as a representative of the gods or a chosen individual by divine power. This form of government was common in ancient civilizations, where religion played a significant role in the lives of the people.