Pytania Egzaminacyjne Dla Ratowników

When providing assistance to a person who has been electrocuted, the first priority should be to disconnect the power source. This is because leaving the power source connected can continue to pose a danger to the person and anyone else in the vicinity. Once the power source is disconnected, other life-saving measures such as resuscitation can be initiated if necessary. However, the immediate action should be to remove the source of electricity to prevent further harm.

A ratownik przewodnik (rescue guide) can be the 6th person in the group.

The explosive range of methane is typically between 5-15%. This means that methane will only ignite and explode if it is present in the air at a concentration between these values. Concentrations below 5% are too lean to ignite, while concentrations above 15% are too rich to ignite. It is important to monitor and control the concentration of methane in environments where it is present to prevent potential explosions and ensure safety.

The minimum pressure in the oxygen cylinder of the W-70 apparatus after being inspected by a substitute must be 18MPa.

The correct answer is "po 6msc od daty zabudowania nie dłużej niż 2 lata". This means that the sodium absorbent installed in the oxygen breathing apparatus expires after 6 months from the installation date, but no longer than 2 years.

The symbol UPT-1 stands for "urządzenie do podawania tlenu pod maskę ratownika" which in English translates to "device for delivering oxygen under a rescuer's mask". This suggests that UPT-1 is a specific device used to provide oxygen to a rescuer wearing a mask, possibly in emergency situations or during rescue operations.

In a rescue operation, it is not allowed to divide rescue teams into smaller groups. However, it is possible to do so under the condition that the team leader maintains visual or vocal contact with them.

In order to ensure the safety and effectiveness of the rescue team, it is important for them to maintain constant communication with their base while on their way to the rescue site in a hazardous zone. This allows them to receive updates, guidance, and any necessary support from the base, ensuring that they are well-informed and equipped to handle any challenges they may encounter. By maintaining communication "przez cały czas" (throughout the entire time), the rescue team can stay connected and coordinated with their base, maximizing their chances of success in their rescue mission.

The correct answer is "samozapalenie się węgla." This is because coal can undergo a process called spontaneous combustion, where it ignites without an external heat source. This can occur due to the oxidation of coal over time, especially in poorly ventilated areas. When coal oxidizes, it releases heat, which can build up and eventually lead to ignition. This is a common cause of underground coal mine fires.

Anemometr is used to measure the speed of air.

The correct answer is "to measure the difference in air pressure between two environments." A U-tube water manometer is used to measure the pressure difference by comparing the heights of the water columns in the two arms of the U-tube. When there is a difference in air pressure between the two environments, the water level in one arm will rise while the other arm will lower, allowing for the measurement of the pressure difference.

If the concentration of methane in the flowing air current is above 2%, the crew should be withdrawn.

The correct answer is "zalany odcinek wyrobiska o korzystnym położeniu niwelacyjnym," which means "flooded section of a mine with a favorable elevation position." This suggests that a "korek wodny" refers to a flooded area within a mine that is strategically located at a favorable elevation.

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The correct answer is "kierownik akcji na dole". This means that the person who can give orders to the rescue teams during a rescue operation is the "kierownik akcji na dole" or the on-site action manager. This person is responsible for coordinating and directing the rescue efforts on the ground.

The correct answer is inertyzacji powietrza kopalnianego. Inertyzacja powietrza kopalnianego refers to the process of replacing or reducing the oxygen content in the air to prevent the risk of explosions in underground mines. The Generator Gazów Obojętnych (GGO) is used specifically for this purpose. By introducing inert gases such as nitrogen or carbon dioxide into the mine air, the oxygen concentration is lowered, making the environment less prone to combustion. This ensures the safety of miners and helps prevent accidents caused by flammable gases in the mine.

The correct answer is "do 4h." This suggests that the protective action time of the W-70 apparatus, designed for underground rescue operations, can last up to 4 hours.

The correct answer is "takie, ktore spowodowalo zagrozenie zdrowia i zycia ludzi lub mozliwosc wystapienia atmosfery niezdatnej do oddychania i trudnych warunkow mikroklimatu." This answer states that an event in a mining facility requires the involvement of mining rescue services, the employer, and rescue units if it poses a threat to the health and life of people or the possibility of an atmosphere that is unfit for breathing and difficult microclimate conditions. This indicates that any event that endangers the safety and well-being of individuals or creates hazardous conditions would necessitate the intervention of mining rescue services and other relevant parties.

The correct answer is "Sprawdzenie zaworów sterujących." This means "Checking the control valves" in English. In the context of the given question, the control valves of the W-70 apparatus need to be checked by the rescuer. This is an important step in ensuring the proper functioning and safety of the apparatus.

Active fire suppression involves directly extinguishing fire sources. This means that the entire crew in the affected area of the mine actively participates in extinguishing the fire. They directly target and extinguish the fire points to prevent the fire from spreading and causing further damage. This method is proactive and aims to quickly and effectively put out the fire to minimize the risk to personnel and property.

The correct answer for the given question is "przenośnik zgrzebłowy ratowniczy". This term refers to a rescue scraper conveyor, which is a device used for transporting materials in rescue operations. It is designed to move debris, rubble, or other materials in emergency situations, such as during search and rescue operations after natural disasters or building collapses. The term "PZR-10" is an abbreviation for this specific type of rescue scraper conveyor.

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The given correct answer "wracamy" suggests that the arbitrary signal "4 uderzenia" means "we are returning." This implies that the signal is used to communicate the action of going back or coming back to a specific location or situation.

The correct answer is 360L. This means that there are 360 liters of oxygen in the W-70 apparatus bottle at a pressure of 18 Mpa.

The correct answer is 1,5l/min niezależnie od ciśnienia tlenu w butli. This means that the constant dosage of oxygen in the W-70 apparatus is 1.5 liters per minute, regardless of the pressure of the oxygen in the cylinder.

WG-2M is a term that refers to a gas detector.

The correct answer is "nastąpiła utrata łączności z bazą ratowniczą" because in difficult microclimate conditions, it is crucial for the deputy to withdraw the team to the base when there is a loss of communication with the rescue base. This is important for the safety and coordination of the rescue operation, as communication is essential for receiving updates, instructions, and assistance from the rescue base. Without communication, the team may be at risk and unable to effectively carry out their duties.

The correct answer is "butla tlenowa 2l, zawór redukcyjny, manometr, przepływomierz". This is because these are the essential components of the UPT-1 set. The oxygen cylinder provides a supply of oxygen, the reducing valve controls the pressure of the oxygen, the pressure gauge measures the pressure, and the flowmeter measures the flow rate of the oxygen.

The correct answer is "kontrola połączeń gwintowych" which translates to "threaded connection check" in English. This refers to the first inspection that a rescuer performs on the PSS-7000 apparatus, which involves checking the threaded connections to ensure they are secure and properly fitted. This is an important step to ensure the apparatus functions correctly and does not leak any air or gases during use.

The correct answer is "aparat ucieczkowy z tlenem chemicznie związanym". This means that the escape apparatus is equipped with chemically bound oxygen. This type of escape apparatus provides a supply of breathable air for a limited amount of time, allowing the user to escape from a hazardous environment. It does not rely on a compressed air cylinder or ambient air for its oxygen supply.

In the event of a mask being torn by a rescuer in an atmosphere unfit for breathing, the correct action is to reapply the mask to the rescuer's face.

The correct answer is 1/10 000 część %%. Ppm stands for "parts per million" and is a unit used to measure the concentration of a substance in a solution. In this case, it means that the substance is present in a solution at a concentration of 1/10 000 of a percent.

The correct answer is 30 MPa. This is because the question is asking for the air pressure in the PSS-7000 apparatus tanks, and the correct pressure is 30 MPa.

The correct answer is to immobilize two adjacent joints and apply a sterile dressing to the fractured area. This is the appropriate course of action when dealing with an open fracture, as immobilizing the surrounding joints helps to stabilize the fracture and prevent further damage, while applying a sterile dressing helps to reduce the risk of infection.

CO2 is the correct answer because when a gas is released or expelled onto the human body, it can cause respiratory distress or discomfort. CO2 is a common gas that can be produced by various sources, such as burning fossil fuels or breathing out during respiration. High levels of CO2 can lead to symptoms like shortness of breath, dizziness, and headaches. Therefore, it is important to monitor and control CO2 levels in order to maintain a safe and healthy environment for humans.

The AU-9E is the only camera listed that has a mask.

A pirometr is a device used to measure high temperatures, typically in non-contact applications. It is commonly used to measure the temperature of solid objects, including rocks. Unlike other options listed, such as the mining thermometer TG-1, the digital thermohygrometer CTH, and the contact mercury thermometer, a pirometr does not require direct contact with the object being measured, making it suitable for measuring the temperature of rocks.

The highest concentration of CO in mining excavations is 26 ppm.

After completing a difficult section of the road, the substitute should check the tightness of the face masks worn by the rescuers. This is important because the masks need to be properly sealed in order to provide effective protection against any harmful substances in the atmosphere. Checking the tightness of the masks ensures that the rescuers are not exposed to any dangerous gases or particles while carrying out their rescue operations. Additionally, it helps to maintain the overall safety and well-being of the rescuers during their work.

The given options are "aparat ewakuacyjny," "aparat regeneracyjny," and "aparat powietrzny." Out of these options, the correct answer is "aparat ewakuacyjny." This suggests that the question is asking for a specific type of "aparat" (which could mean "device" or "apparatus" in English) that is related to "ewakuacja" (which means "evacuation" in English). Therefore, the correct answer is "aparat ewakuacyjny," which can be translated as "evacuation device" or "evacuation apparatus."

In difficult microclimate conditions, the general rule is that a mine rescuer can be employed only once within a 24-hour period. This implies that due to the challenging environment, it is necessary to limit the number of times a mine rescuer can be deployed to ensure their safety and well-being. By allowing them to be employed only once within a 24-hour period, it reduces the risk of exhaustion and potential health hazards associated with prolonged exposure to the difficult microclimate conditions.

The symbol TC-3 or TC-150 is used to indicate a digital thermometer.

The correct answer is "wszystkie tamy jednocześnie". This means that all the inlet and outlet gates should be closed simultaneously when closing a fire area in methane mines. This ensures that the flow of methane gas is completely stopped, preventing further spread of the fire. Closing all the gates at the same time is crucial for effective fire containment and extinguishing in methane mines.

In order for a repeat dispatch of the crew to be possible, the rest time of the crew should not be shorter than their working time. This means that the crew needs to have enough time to rest before being sent back to perform rescue work again. If their rest time is shorter than their working time, it would not be safe or feasible to send them back into the danger zone.

The correct answer is "każdy ratownik na polecenie zastępowego." This means that each rescuer should measure the pulse at the command of the team leader. This is important because in difficult microclimate conditions, it is crucial to monitor the vital signs of each team member to ensure their well-being and to detect any signs of exhaustion or health issues. The team leader is responsible for coordinating and managing the team's activities, including monitoring the health and safety of the members.

The correct answer is 3m for a cross-section of the excavation above 12m2. This means that the minimum thickness of the explosion-proof lining made of TEKBLEND is 3 meters for an excavation with a cross-section larger than 12 square meters.

The correct answer is H2S, CO. These gases are considered toxic and can be harmful to human health. H2S (hydrogen sulfide) is a colorless gas with a strong odor of rotten eggs and can cause respiratory issues, eye irritation, and even death at high concentrations. CO (carbon monoxide) is a colorless and odorless gas that is produced by the incomplete combustion of carbon-based fuels. It is highly toxic and can cause headaches, dizziness, nausea, and even death in high concentrations.

In the given question, it is asked whether equipment and devices that do not have approval for use in underground workings can be used during a rescue operation. The correct answer states that it is possible to use them after obtaining the decision of the rescue operation manager. This means that although approval is required for such equipment, it can still be used if the manager of the rescue operation grants permission.

In a situation where the team is in a hazardous zone and everyone is wearing masks, the person who should go last in the team is the "zastępowy" (team leader). This is because the team leader is responsible for ensuring the safety and well-being of the entire team, so it is important for them to be able to observe and monitor the team members. By going last, the team leader can ensure that everyone is following the correct procedures and that no one is left behind or in danger.

The correct answer is 0,043%. To convert parts per million (ppm) to a percentage, we divide the ppm value by 10,000. In this case, 430ppm divided by 10,000 equals 0.043%.