Embryologie (06)

Apoptose is the correct answer because it refers to programmed cell death, which is a natural process that occurs in multicellular organisms. It is a tightly regulated process that eliminates damaged, unnecessary, or infected cells without causing inflammation or harm to neighboring cells. The other options, Bourgeonnement, Elongation, and Courbure, do not relate to the process of programmed cell death.

Symélie is a type of limb malformation where the digits are fused together, resulting in a single limb with multiple digits. This condition can occur in both humans and animals. It is characterized by the absence or underdevelopment of the interdigital tissue, causing the fingers or toes to be fused. Symélie can vary in severity, with some individuals having partial fusion of digits while others have complete fusion. This malformation can have functional implications and may require medical intervention or adaptations to daily activities.

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Polydactylie refers to a condition where a person or animal has more than the usual number of fingers or toes. This condition is characterized by the presence of extra digits on the hands or feet. It is considered as a form of limb malformation and can occur in both humans and animals.

The correct answer is "Oreillette droite et oreillette gauche." This is because the term "en ovale" refers to the oval-shaped opening between the right and left atria (oreillettes) of the heart.

The correct answer is "Ligament rond du foie." In French, "ligament rond du foie" translates to "round ligament of the liver." This ligament connects the liver to the anterior abdominal wall and is a remnant of the fetal umbilical vein. It is called the "round ligament" because it forms a rounded structure as it courses along the liver's inferior surface.

The correct answer is "Ligament veineux du foie." The canal veineux d'Arantius closes at birth and becomes the ligamentum venosum, which is a fibrous band that connects the left branch of the portal vein to the inferior vena cava. The other options listed are different ligaments of the liver, but they are not formed from the closure of the canal veineux d'Arantius.

The correct answer is "កោសិកា mésoblaste indifférenciée". This is because "mésoblaste indifférenciée" refers to undifferentiated mesoblast, which is a type of embryonic tissue that has not yet developed into specific structures or organs. The other options, "mésoblaste para axial", "mésoblaste intermédiaire", and "mésoblaste latérale", refer to different regions or types of mesoblast that have already started to differentiate into specific structures or organs. Therefore, "mésoblaste indifférenciée" is the correct answer as it describes the earliest stage of mesoblast development.

The question asks about the number of time periods (ដំណាក់កាល) required to create something. The correct answer is "៤ ដំណាក់កាល" which means "4 time periods".

The correct answer is "Ilôts mésenchymateux extra embryonnaire". This is because the term "vaisseaux ombilicaux" refers to the umbilical vessels, which are the blood vessels that connect the fetus to the placenta during development. The term "extra embryonnaire" means outside of the embryo, indicating that the umbilical vessels originate from outside of the developing embryo. The other options, "Ilôts mésenchymateux condensé", "Ilôts de Wolff et Pander", and "Ilôts mésenchymateux intra embryonnaire", do not accurately describe the origin of the umbilical vessels.

The canal veineux d'Arantius connects the umbilical vein and the inferior vena cava.

The given answer "ថ្ងៃទី ២៦" is the correct answer because it is the only date mentioned in the list of previous palettes. The other dates, ២៥, ២៧, and ២៨, are not mentioned in the list.

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The correct answer is "Ilôts mésenchymateux extra embryonnaire". This is because the question asks for the source of the mesenchymal cells in the embryonic pedicle, and the correct answer states that they come from the extra-embryonic mesenchyme.

The correct answer is "ថ្ងៃទី ២៨" because it is the last date mentioned in the list of "Palettes postérieures" (subsequent days). The previous dates mentioned are ថ្ងៃទី ២៥, ថ្ងៃទី ២៦, and ថ្ងៃទី ២៧.

The correct answer is "Ilôts mésenchymateux extra embryonnaire." This is because the capillaries of the chorionic villi originate from the extra embryonic mesenchyme, which refers to the connective tissue that surrounds and supports the developing embryo outside of the embryo itself.

The answer "ខែទី ២" is correct because it is the second month in the given list. The question asks for the month that appears both at the top and bottom, and the second month is the only one that satisfies this condition.

Ectodactylie refers to a condition where there is a partial or total absence of fingers or toes. This condition is also known as split hand/foot malformation. It is characterized by deep clefts in the hands and feet, resulting in a claw-like appearance. The term "ភាពមិនប្រក្រតីនៃម្រាមដៃរឺម្រាមជើង" translates to "abnormality of the hand or foot" in English, which aligns with the description of ectodactylie.

The correct answer is "Artère pulmonaire et aorte". This is because the canal artériel is a fetal blood vessel that connects the pulmonary artery and the aorta. During fetal development, the canal artériel allows blood to bypass the lungs, as the fetus receives oxygen from the placenta instead. After birth, the canal usually closes, but in some cases, it may remain open, causing a condition called patent ductus arteriosus.

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The answer is "សប្ដាហ៍ទី៧និង៨" because it follows the pattern of the previous weeks mentioned. The pattern is that each week number is followed by the next consecutive week number. In this case, week 7 is followed by week 8, and that is the correct answer.

Syndactylie is the term used to describe the condition where two or more fingers or toes are fused together. This is different from the other options provided. Polydactylie refers to the presence of extra fingers or toes, ectodactylie refers to the absence of one or more fingers or toes, and hémimélie refers to the partial absence of a limb. Therefore, syndactylie is the correct answer because it specifically describes the fusion of fingers or toes.

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The correct answer is "សប្ដាហ៍ទី៧" (Week 7). The question is asking about the timing of the fusion of the Eperon perineal and Cloaque, and the correct answer states that it occurs in Week 7.

The given phrase "Gouttière amniotique កើតនៅ" is a mix of French and Khmer languages. The word "Gouttière amniotique" is French for "amniotic gutter" and "កើតនៅ" is Khmer for "born". The phrase "Gouttière amniotique កើតនៅ" can be translated to "born in the amniotic gutter" in English. Among the given options, "សប្តាហ៍ទី៣" is the correct answer, which means "week 3" in Khmer. So, the correct answer refers to the third week of pregnancy.

The correct answer is "Tube neural". The question is asking for the structure that is located in the dorsoventral axis of the embryo during the fourth week of development. The tube neural refers to the neural tube, which is the precursor to the central nervous system. It forms from the ectoderm and eventually develops into the brain and spinal cord.

The correct answer is "សប្ដាហ៍ទី៤".

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