Test Sull'ottica Fisica CON Voto In Centesimi

1. Le iridescenze delle bolle di sapone sono dovute:

solo al tipo di sorgente che le illumina.

all’interferenza sulla lamina di acqua saponata che le delimita.

solo al tipo di sapone.

all’illusione ottica.

The correct answer is "all’interferenza sulla lamina di acqua saponata che le delimita." This means that the iridescence of soap bubbles is due to the interference on the soap film that surrounds them. When light hits the soap film, it is reflected and refracted, causing different wavelengths of light to interfere with each other. This interference creates the colorful patterns that we see on soap bubbles. The type of soap or the type of light source does not solely cause the iridescence.

Explanation

The correct answer is "all’interferenza sulla lamina di acqua saponata che le delimita." This means that the iridescence of soap bubbles is due to the interference on the soap film that surrounds them. When light hits the soap film, it is reflected and refracted, causing different wavelengths of light to interfere with each other. This interference creates the colorful patterns that we see on soap bubbles. The type of soap or the type of light source does not solely cause the iridescence.

2. I risultati che si ottengono dall'esperimento delle fenditure di Young sono conseguenza

della natura corpuscolare della luce

della riflessione

solo dell’assorbimento

della natura ondulatoria della luce

The correct answer is "della natura ondulatoria della luce." This is because the Young's double-slit experiment demonstrates the wave-like behavior of light. When light passes through two slits, it diffracts and creates an interference pattern on a screen, which can only be explained by the wave nature of light. The other options, such as the particle nature of light, reflection, or absorption, do not adequately explain the observed phenomena in the experiment.

Explanation

The correct answer is "della natura ondulatoria della luce." This is because the Young's double-slit experiment demonstrates the wave-like behavior of light. When light passes through two slits, it diffracts and creates an interference pattern on a screen, which can only be explained by the wave nature of light. The other options, such as the particle nature of light, reflection, or absorption, do not adequately explain the observed phenomena in the experiment.

3. Un fronte d'onda è l'insieme dei punti dell'onda luminosa che:

hanno la stessa fase

sono in controfase

hanno la stessa direzione.

sono uno successivo all’altro

An ondulatory wave is characterized by its phase, which represents the position of a point on the wave at a given time. Points on a wave that have the same phase are in sync with each other, meaning they reach their maximum or minimum values at the same time. Therefore, the correct answer is "hanno la stessa fase" (have the same phase).

Explanation

An ondulatory wave is characterized by its phase, which represents the position of a point on the wave at a given time. Points on a wave that have the same phase are in sync with each other, meaning they reach their maximum or minimum values at the same time. Therefore, the correct answer is "hanno la stessa fase" (have the same phase).

4. L'iridescenza è

una proprietà ottica di alcune superfici che, illuminate, assumono un ventaglio di tonalità differenti in base all'angolo di osservazione.

The correct answer is "una proprietà ottica di alcune superfici che, illuminate, assumono un ventaglio di tonalità differenti in base all'angolo di osservazione." This means that iridescence is an optical property of certain surfaces that, when illuminated, display a range of different colors depending on the viewing angle.

Explanation

The correct answer is "una proprietà ottica di alcune superfici che, illuminate, assumono un ventaglio di tonalità differenti in base all'angolo di osservazione." This means that iridescence is an optical property of certain surfaces that, when illuminated, display a range of different colors depending on the viewing angle.

5. Le lenti dei binocoli e delle macchine fotografiche assumono spesso un colore blu a causa del loro rivestimento antiriflesso. Tale rivestimento è costituito da una sottile pellicola che riduce il riflesso sulle superfici della lente per mezzo di un'interferenza

costruttiva

distruttiva

The correct answer is "distruttiva". The explanation for this is that the anti-reflective coating on the lenses of binoculars and cameras is designed to reduce reflections on the lens surfaces. This is achieved through destructive interference, where the reflected light waves cancel each other out. This helps to improve the clarity and contrast of the images seen through the lenses by minimizing unwanted reflections.

Explanation

The correct answer is "distruttiva". The explanation for this is that the anti-reflective coating on the lenses of binoculars and cameras is designed to reduce reflections on the lens surfaces. This is achieved through destructive interference, where the reflected light waves cancel each other out. This helps to improve the clarity and contrast of the images seen through the lenses by minimizing unwanted reflections.

6. Due sorgenti si dicono coerenti quando:

emettono onde con la stessa lunghezza d’onda

emettono onde mantenendo nel tempo una relazione di fase costante.

sono sovrapposte

emettono onde a tempi alterni.

Coherent sources are said to emit waves while maintaining a constant phase relationship over time. This means that the crests and troughs of the waves emitted by the sources remain in sync as they propagate. When two coherent sources are superimposed, their waves interfere constructively or destructively depending on the phase relationship. This phenomenon is utilized in various applications such as interferometry and holography.

Explanation

Coherent sources are said to emit waves while maintaining a constant phase relationship over time. This means that the crests and troughs of the waves emitted by the sources remain in sync as they propagate. When two coherent sources are superimposed, their waves interfere constructively or destructively depending on the phase relationship. This phenomenon is utilized in various applications such as interferometry and holography.

7. La lunghezza d'onda 620–750 nm è del colore

verde

blu

rosso

giallo

The wavelength range of 620-750 nm corresponds to the color red.

Explanation

The wavelength range of 620-750 nm corresponds to the color red.

8. La figura di diffrazione generata da un reticolo presenta:

luce isotropicamente diffusa su tutto lo schermo.

massimi di luce

forme circolari.

l’ombra del reticolo cristallino.

The correct answer is "massimi di luce". This is because a diffraction grating produces a pattern of bright spots or maxima on a screen when light passes through it. These maxima are formed due to constructive interference of the diffracted waves from the individual slits or grooves on the grating. The pattern of maxima is not isotropic or uniformly scattered, but rather forms a distinct pattern of bright spots. The other options, such as "luce isotropicamente diffusa su tutto lo schermo" (isotropically scattered light on the entire screen) or "forme circolari" (circular shapes), do not accurately describe the diffraction pattern produced by a grating.

Explanation

The correct answer is "massimi di luce". This is because a diffraction grating produces a pattern of bright spots or maxima on a screen when light passes through it. These maxima are formed due to constructive interference of the diffracted waves from the individual slits or grooves on the grating. The pattern of maxima is not isotropic or uniformly scattered, but rather forms a distinct pattern of bright spots. The other options, such as "luce isotropicamente diffusa su tutto lo schermo" (isotropically scattered light on the entire screen) or "forme circolari" (circular shapes), do not accurately describe the diffraction pattern produced by a grating.

9. I colori delle bolle di sapone sono diversi da quelli dell'arcobaleno?

no

si

The answer "si" is correct because the colors of soap bubbles are different from those of the rainbow. Soap bubbles exhibit a phenomenon called thin-film interference, where light waves reflect and interfere with each other as they pass through the thin film of soap. This interference creates iridescent colors on the surface of the bubble. In contrast, a rainbow is formed by the refraction, reflection, and dispersion of sunlight through water droplets in the air, resulting in a continuous spectrum of colors. Therefore, the colors of soap bubbles and rainbows are distinct from each other.

Explanation

The answer "si" is correct because the colors of soap bubbles are different from those of the rainbow. Soap bubbles exhibit a phenomenon called thin-film interference, where light waves reflect and interfere with each other as they pass through the thin film of soap. This interference creates iridescent colors on the surface of the bubble. In contrast, a rainbow is formed by the refraction, reflection, and dispersion of sunlight through water droplets in the air, resulting in a continuous spectrum of colors. Therefore, the colors of soap bubbles and rainbows are distinct from each other.

10. L'angolo limite

è quell'angolo di incidenza sotto il quale si ottiene una riflessione interna totale.

è quell'angolo di incidenza oltre il quale si ottiene una riflessione interna totale.

è quell'angolo di incidenza oltre il quale si ottiene una rifrazione interna totale.

è quell'angolo di incidenza sotto il quale si ottiene una rifrazione interna totale.

The correct answer is "è quell'angolo di incidenza oltre il quale si ottiene una rifrazione interna totale." This means that the critical angle is the angle of incidence beyond which total internal reflection occurs, not refraction.

Explanation

The correct answer is "è quell'angolo di incidenza oltre il quale si ottiene una rifrazione interna totale." This means that the critical angle is the angle of incidence beyond which total internal reflection occurs, not refraction.