Ulangan Harian Bahasa Indonesia 2011

1. Penyaji : Penyebab kurangnya minat baca sastra siswa adalah kurangnya buku sastra di sekolah dan guru tidak pernah memberi tugas ke arah peningkatan minat baca sastra. Peserta : Saya ingin menambahkan pendapat penyaji. Memang benar minat baca itu bisa dibentuk oleh adanya motivasi dari guru, penambahan buku sastra, bimbingan orang tua, dan juga kemauan dari anak sendiri. Simpulan dari diskusi di atas adalah…

Penyebab rendahnya minat baca sastra di kalangan pelajar adalah kesempatan, kemauan, sarana, dan lingkungan yang kurang dimanfaatkan dengan baik.

Remaja kurang senang membaca satra karena lebih suka menonton film atau sinetron di televise.

Kemajuan teknologi memengaruhi pelajar dalam belajar maupun dalam pengembangan ilmunya.

Bimbingan guru sangat perlu dalam meningkatkan minat baca di sekolah.

Lingkungan keluarga yang gemar membaca akan berpengaruh pada perkembangan anak.

The conclusion of the discussion is that the lack of interest in reading literature among students is caused by the underutilization of opportunities, willingness, resources, and environment. This means that students do not take advantage of the opportunities to read literature, they lack the willingness to engage in reading, there is a lack of resources such as literature books, and the environment does not encourage reading.

Explanation

The conclusion of the discussion is that the lack of interest in reading literature among students is caused by the underutilization of opportunities, willingness, resources, and environment. This means that students do not take advantage of the opportunities to read literature, they lack the willingness to engage in reading, there is a lack of resources such as literature books, and the environment does not encourage reading.

2. Dalam kurun waktu satu tahun, jumlah industri kecil dan menengah batik di Provinsi DIJ menurun drastis. Jumlah unit usaha batik berkurang hingga separuh, dari semula 228 unit, tinggal 114 unit dalam setahun berikutnya. Namun tampaknya pemerintah kurang peduli terhadap keberadaan tersebut. Kalimat kritik yang paling sesuai dengan isi paragraf di atas adalah….

a. Pemerintah harus mendatangkan investor asing karena industri batik di Yogyakarta sudah tertinggal, baik motif maupun corak warnanya.

b. Sebaiknya pemerintah memberdayakan mereka kembali, baik melalui peminjaman modal, pemasaran, maupun pembinaan lainnya.

c. Pemerintah tidak perlu memikirkan hal-hal kecil semacam itu karena ada persoalan bangsa yang lebih penting.

d. Pemerintah perlu mencarikan alternative usaha lain karena industry batik sangat sulit pemasarannya.

e. Kejadian yang menimpa industry batik kecil dan menengah di Yogyakarta terjadi juga di daerah-daerah lain.

The paragraph states that the number of small and medium-sized batik industries in the DIJ Province has drastically decreased over the course of a year. The government seems to be less concerned about this situation. The most suitable criticism in line with the content of the paragraph is option b. It suggests that the government should empower the batik industries again through providing them with capital loans, marketing support, and other forms of guidance.

Explanation

The paragraph states that the number of small and medium-sized batik industries in the DIJ Province has drastically decreased over the course of a year. The government seems to be less concerned about this situation. The most suitable criticism in line with the content of the paragraph is option b. It suggests that the government should empower the batik industries again through providing them with capital loans, marketing support, and other forms of guidance.

3. Kalimat persetujuan yang sesuai disampaikan dalam diskusi adalah….

Maaf, saya kurang sependapat dengan argument Anda.

Saya sependapat dengan Saudara, permasalahan tersebut memang harus segera dicari penyelesaiannya.

Saya sangat sependapat dengan pendapat Anda, hanya saja perlu dibuktikan dengan penelitian yang akurat.

Saya sudah tidak sabar ingin mendengarkan pendapat Anda.

Saya sampaikan selamat karena pendapat Anda dapat diterima oleh semua peserta.

The given answer is the most appropriate agreement statement in the context of the discussion. It acknowledges the agreement with the other person's opinion and emphasizes the importance of finding a solution to the problem at hand.

Explanation

The given answer is the most appropriate agreement statement in the context of the discussion. It acknowledges the agreement with the other person's opinion and emphasizes the importance of finding a solution to the problem at hand.

4. Kalimat yang menyatakan laporan hasil seminar adalah ….

Seminar ini diharapkan dapat diikuti oleh peserta dari berbagai daerah.

Tujuan seminar ini diharapkan agar generasi muda dapat memahami nilai-nilai kehidupan yang terjadi di dalam masyarakat.

Kami, panitia, menyarankan agar para peserta seminar ini dapat mengikuti dengan saksama.

Saudara pemandu, kami menyarankan agar seminar ini diskor dulu.

Berdasarkan hasil seminar tersebut, kami menyarankan agar minat baca hendaknya ditanamkan kepada anak sejak kecil

The correct answer suggests that based on the results of the seminar, it is recommended to instill a reading interest in children from an early age. This implies that the seminar discussed the importance of promoting reading habits among children.

Explanation

The correct answer suggests that based on the results of the seminar, it is recommended to instill a reading interest in children from an early age. This implies that the seminar discussed the importance of promoting reading habits among children.

5. Pekerja adalah aset perusahaan yang perlu mendapat perlindungan bagi keselamatan dan kesehatan kerjanya. Pada masa lalu, program keselamatan kerja bersifat mengatasi kecelakaan yang sudah terjadi. Akan tetapi, sekarang lebih bersifat melindungi yakni memperkirakan apa yang akan terjadi. Jika terjadi kecelakaan kerja, perlu dilakukan upaya penyembuhan dan pemulihan. Pekerja yang mengalami cacat kerja akan dievaluasi serta ditetapkan tingkat kecocokannya sebelum menerima Jamsostek. Gagasan utama paragraf di atas adalah ….

a. Pekerja adalah aset perusahaan yang perlu mendapat perlindungan.

b. Keselamatan dan kesehatan pekerja perlu diperhatikan.

c. Program keselamatan kerja dulu bersifat mengatasi kecelakaan.

d. Program keselamatan kerja sekarang bersifat produktif.

e. Pekerja yang mengalami kecelakaan kerja akan menerima Jamsostek.

The main idea of the paragraph is that workers are valuable assets to a company and they need to be protected. The paragraph discusses how in the past, workplace safety programs focused on dealing with accidents that had already occurred, but now the focus is on preventing accidents from happening in the first place. It also mentions that if a worker does experience a workplace accident, efforts will be made to heal and rehabilitate them. Therefore, the correct answer is a. Pekerja adalah aset perusahaan yang perlu mendapat perlindungan (Workers are valuable assets to a company and they need to be protected).

Explanation

The main idea of the paragraph is that workers are valuable assets to a company and they need to be protected. The paragraph discusses how in the past, workplace safety programs focused on dealing with accidents that had already occurred, but now the focus is on preventing accidents from happening in the first place. It also mentions that if a worker does experience a workplace accident, efforts will be made to heal and rehabilitate them. Therefore, the correct answer is a. Pekerja adalah aset perusahaan yang perlu mendapat perlindungan (Workers are valuable assets to a company and they need to be protected).

6. Kepala Badan Pengawasan Obat dan Makanan (Badan POM), Sampurno, menjamin mi basah dan tahu yang diproduksi dan dijual bebas di empat belas daerah yang telah dipantau Badan POM, bebas formalin sehingga aman dikonsumsi. Badan POM juga memastikan, tidak ada lagi penjualan formalin untuk pengawet bahan makanan secara bebas di pasaran. Tanggapan yang sesuai dengan kutipan di atas adalah ….

a. Tindakan Badan POM sangat tepat. Semua dilakukan demi keamanan dan kenyamanan masyarakat dalam mengonsumsi makanan.

b. Tindakan Badan POM sangat kelewatan. Hal ini sangat merugikan produsen tahu dan mi basah.

c. Izin produksi para produsen yang menggunakan bahan pengawet formalin hendaknya dicabut.

d. Masyarakat harus waspada terhadap pernyataan kepala Badan POM.

e. Meskipun dinyatakan bebas formalin, sebaiknya masyarakat tetap menghindari makanan tahu dan mi basah.

The given statement states that the Head of the Food and Drug Monitoring Agency (Badan POM) guarantees that wet noodles and tofu produced and freely sold in fourteen monitored regions are free from formalin and safe to consume. Badan POM also ensures that there will be no more free sale of formalin as a food preservative in the market. Therefore, the appropriate response to this statement is that the actions taken by Badan POM are very appropriate. They are done to ensure the safety and comfort of the public in consuming food.

Explanation

The given statement states that the Head of the Food and Drug Monitoring Agency (Badan POM) guarantees that wet noodles and tofu produced and freely sold in fourteen monitored regions are free from formalin and safe to consume. Badan POM also ensures that there will be no more free sale of formalin as a food preservative in the market. Therefore, the appropriate response to this statement is that the actions taken by Badan POM are very appropriate. They are done to ensure the safety and comfort of the public in consuming food.

7. Melihat kehancuran dan kerusakan lingkungan di bumi Indonesia tercinta ini oleh penebangan liar demi meraup keuntungan pribadi, saya menyarankan agar pemerintah menegakkan secara tegas dan benar undang-undang pelanggaran perusakan lingkungan. Kalau hal ini dilaksanakan pasti semua masalah dapat diatasi. Kalimat sanggahan yang santun dan alasan yang logis untuk menanggapi pendapat di atas adalah….

Betapa enaknya Anda berbicara seperti itu, kalau diucapkan memang mudah, tetapi pelaksanaannya tidak semudah ucapan Anda itu.

The given answer disagrees with the suggestion because it argues that it is impossible to enforce the law when the law enforcers themselves are seen and heard violating the law. This implies that there is a lack of trust and integrity within the law enforcement system, making it ineffective in addressing the issue of environmental destruction caused by illegal logging.

Explanation

The given answer disagrees with the suggestion because it argues that it is impossible to enforce the law when the law enforcers themselves are seen and heard violating the law. This implies that there is a lack of trust and integrity within the law enforcement system, making it ineffective in addressing the issue of environmental destruction caused by illegal logging.

8. (1)Di banyak negara, pajak merupakan sumber pendapatan utama. (2) Penerimaan pajak menjadi pendanaan untuk membiayai berbagai keperluan serta pembangunan sarana dan prasarana yang dibutuhkan masyarakat. (3) Tidak terkecuali di Indonesia. (4) Pentingnya penerimaan pajak dapat dilihat dari besaarnya APBN. (5) Dalam APBN-P 2007 dan RAPBN 2008, sebesar 70 persen penerimaan dalam negeri diperoleh dari pajak. (6) Sayang, banyak orang merasa pajak bukan urusannya, bahkan tidak sedikit wajib pajak yang mengabaikan kewajiban untuk melunasinya. Ide pokok paragraf di atas adalah ….

a. sumber pajak di Tanah Air

b. fungsi dan peranan pajak

c. sumber-sumber pendapatan wajib pajak

d. besarnya APBN dan RAPBN Indonesia tahun 2007

e. siapa saja wajib pajak

The main idea of the paragraph is to discuss the function and role of taxes. The paragraph explains that taxes are the main source of income in many countries, including Indonesia. The revenue from taxes is used to finance various needs and the development of infrastructure for the community. It also emphasizes the importance of tax revenue by mentioning the percentage of domestic revenue obtained from taxes in the 2007 and 2008 national budgets. The paragraph concludes by mentioning that many people neglect their obligation to pay taxes. Therefore, the correct answer is b. function and role of taxes.

Explanation

The main idea of the paragraph is to discuss the function and role of taxes. The paragraph explains that taxes are the main source of income in many countries, including Indonesia. The revenue from taxes is used to finance various needs and the development of infrastructure for the community. It also emphasizes the importance of tax revenue by mentioning the percentage of domestic revenue obtained from taxes in the 2007 and 2008 national budgets. The paragraph concludes by mentioning that many people neglect their obligation to pay taxes. Therefore, the correct answer is b. function and role of taxes.

9. Lagu bidadari mojang sayap putih Kebaya kuning bergaya seksi Melenggang elok, bibir tersenyum Di sejuknya Kuningan pagi hari Citraan/pengimajian yang terdapat dalam bait puisi di atas adalah….

a. Audio, visual

b. Visual, taktil

c. Peraba

d. Audio, visual, peraba

e. Audio, taktil, peraba

The given poem uses descriptive language to create a vivid image in the reader's mind. The words "mojang sayap putih," "kebaya kuning," "melenggang elok," and "bibir tersenyum" paint a visual picture of a beautiful woman wearing a yellow kebaya with a white wing-like accessory. The poem also mentions the morning in Kuningan, which adds to the visual imagery. Additionally, the poem does not mention any tactile or auditory elements, hence the correct answer is a. Audio, visual.

Explanation

The given poem uses descriptive language to create a vivid image in the reader's mind. The words "mojang sayap putih," "kebaya kuning," "melenggang elok," and "bibir tersenyum" paint a visual picture of a beautiful woman wearing a yellow kebaya with a white wing-like accessory. The poem also mentions the morning in Kuningan, which adds to the visual imagery. Additionally, the poem does not mention any tactile or auditory elements, hence the correct answer is a. Audio, visual.

10. Seperti bunga kepiting dan kulitnya kemerah-merahan dan kalau tertawa celung pipinya. O, dia pernah menjadi saingan kuat dengan Zainab yang egoistis. Bedanya dengan Zainab, mata Umi teduh seperti laut dan kalau memandang terasa sekali merampas dada. Rambutnya hitam mengombak sama hitam dengan rambut Fatimah anak haji Ma'ruf itu. Cara yang digunakan pengarang dalam menggambarkan perwatakan tokoh adalah…

a. penggambaran langsung

b. penggambaran fisik tokoh

c. dialog antartokoh

d. pikiran tokoh

e. tanggapan tokoh lain

The correct answer is b. penggambaran fisik tokoh. This is because the passage describes the physical appearance of the character, mentioning details about their red skin, laughing with dimples, and the color of their hair. This type of description focuses on the external physical attributes of the character.

Explanation

The correct answer is b. penggambaran fisik tokoh. This is because the passage describes the physical appearance of the character, mentioning details about their red skin, laughing with dimples, and the color of their hair. This type of description focuses on the external physical attributes of the character.

11. Tsunami ini tergolong jenis far field yang memiliki perambatan hingga 1.000 km lebih. Tsunami yang muncul akibat gempa pertama di Aceh menjalar ke utara dan barat laut hingga ke Srilangka dan Maladewa, masing-masing sekitar dua atau tiga jam setelah gempa di Aceh. Sementara ke arah selatan, tsunami menerjang pulauSimeulue setengah jam kemudian. Adapun gelombang pasang sampai ke Pulau Nias satu jam kemudian, lalu ke Kepulaun Mentawai satu setengah jam sesudah gempa. Pernyataan berikut yang tidak sesuai dengan isi kutipan di atas adalah …

a. Tsunami di Aceh memiliki rambatan yang cukup jauh.

b. Gelombang pasang juga sampai ke kepulauan Mentawai.

c. Gelombang Aceh yang menimpa daerah Aceh dan Sumut terbesar di dunia.

d. Gelombang pasang yang melanda Maladewa merupakan imbas dari gempa dan tsunami yang terjadi di Aceh.

e. Pulau Simeulue lebih dulu diterjang tsunami daripada Pulau Nias.

The statement "Gelombang Aceh yang menimpa daerah Aceh dan Sumut terbesar di dunia" is not supported by the information provided in the passage. The passage mentions that the tsunami from the first earthquake in Aceh spread to the north and northwest towards Sri Lanka and Maldives, reaching them about two or three hours after the earthquake. It also mentions that the tsunami hit Simeulue Island half an hour later and reached Nias Island one hour later. However, there is no mention of the tsunami affecting Aceh and North Sumatra as the largest in the world.

Explanation

The statement "Gelombang Aceh yang menimpa daerah Aceh dan Sumut terbesar di dunia" is not supported by the information provided in the passage. The passage mentions that the tsunami from the first earthquake in Aceh spread to the north and northwest towards Sri Lanka and Maldives, reaching them about two or three hours after the earthquake. It also mentions that the tsunami hit Simeulue Island half an hour later and reached Nias Island one hour later. However, there is no mention of the tsunami affecting Aceh and North Sumatra as the largest in the world.

12. Dalam rangka memperingati hari ulang tahun sekolah OSIS MA Al Muhtaduun akan menggalakkan kegiatan Gerakan Disiplin Nasional (GDN). Kegiatan tersebut dapat dilaksanakan melalui kegiatan paskibra, Patroli Keamanan Sekolah (PKS), dan Palang Merah Remaja (PMR). Tentunya sebagai anggota OSIS, Anda akan memberikan dukungan sepenuhnya terhadap upaya menggalakkan GDN tersebut. Tanggapan yang baik sesuai dengan ilustrasi di atas adalah….

Memang benar bahwa GDN harus ditanamkan sejak remaja di sekolah.

GDN merupakan program nasional, jadi sebagai warga negara yang baik kita harus mendukungnya.

Melalui kegiatan ekstrakurikuler di sekolah, akan dapat kita wujudkan GDN di sekolah kita.

GDN dapat dijadikan program utama di sekolah kita.

Kegiatan GDN harus dimulai dari contoh kalangan atas dan menengah.

The given answer aligns with the context of the passage, which states that OSIS MA Al Muhtaduun will promote the National Discipline Movement (GDN) in order to commemorate the school's anniversary. The answer acknowledges the importance of instilling GDN in students from a young age, which is in line with the objective of the GDN campaign mentioned in the passage.

Explanation

The given answer aligns with the context of the passage, which states that OSIS MA Al Muhtaduun will promote the National Discipline Movement (GDN) in order to commemorate the school's anniversary. The answer acknowledges the importance of instilling GDN in students from a young age, which is in line with the objective of the GDN campaign mentioned in the passage.

13. "Tidak ada yang sempurna, demikian juga aku dan kamu. Maka jangan terlalu dipersoalkan kalau aku sedikit ingin bersenang-senang dengan apa yang telah kuraih. Ya, setidaknya aku tidak akan merugikan siapa pun, termasuk kamu. Karena uang yang kupakai berfoya-foya adalah hasil keringatku sendiri. Paham, teman?!" Anton berlalu meninggalkan Gugun yang masih tertegun di kursinya. Amanat yang terdapat dalam kutipan cerpen di atas adalah….

a. Manusia harus bekerja keras agar dapat hidup senang.

b. Jangan menggunakan uang hasil kerja untuk hal-hal yang merugikan diri sendiri.

c. Jangan terlalu ikut campur urusan orang lain.

d. Bersenang-senanglah selama masih ada waktu.

e. Manusia harus menyadari kelemahannya.

The passage suggests that Anton is telling Gugun not to be too concerned about Anton's own enjoyment and spending of his hard-earned money, as it doesn't harm anyone else, including Gugun. This implies that the message in the passage is not to interfere too much in other people's affairs and not to be overly concerned about what they choose to do with their own resources.

Explanation

The passage suggests that Anton is telling Gugun not to be too concerned about Anton's own enjoyment and spending of his hard-earned money, as it doesn't harm anyone else, including Gugun. This implies that the message in the passage is not to interfere too much in other people's affairs and not to be overly concerned about what they choose to do with their own resources.

14. Larangan menggunakan suntikan silikon cair atau kolagen itu karena suntikan tidak membuat distribusi merata pada jaringan yang disuntik. Akibatnya, semua suntikan yang masuk akan membentuk gumpalan seperti tumor atau kanker. Cara yang benar adalah dengan memasukkan implan silikon yang dimasukkan ke dalam kantung plastik yang kemudian melalui operasi dimasukkan ke payudara. Namun, implan ini pun harus diganti setiap lima belas tahun sekali. Wacana di atas tergolong …

a. eksposisi

b. deskripsi

c. narasi

d. argumentasi

e. persuasi

The passage provides information about the prohibition of using liquid silicone or collagen injections for breast augmentation and explains the reason behind it. It states that injections do not distribute evenly in the injected tissue, resulting in the formation of clumps resembling tumors or cancer. The correct method is to insert silicone implants into a plastic pouch and then surgically place them into the breasts. The passage presents facts and explanations to inform the reader about the topic, making it an example of exposition.

Explanation

The passage provides information about the prohibition of using liquid silicone or collagen injections for breast augmentation and explains the reason behind it. It states that injections do not distribute evenly in the injected tissue, resulting in the formation of clumps resembling tumors or cancer. The correct method is to insert silicone implants into a plastic pouch and then surgically place them into the breasts. The passage presents facts and explanations to inform the reader about the topic, making it an example of exposition.

15. Jika ingin langsing, Anda harus senam secara konsisten. Kata konsisten dalam kalimat tersebut berarti

a. taat asas

b. ada gunanya

c. berbahaya

d. penting

e. tepat

The word "konsisten" in the sentence means "consistent" in English. In this context, it implies that in order to become slim, one must exercise regularly and consistently. Therefore, the correct answer is "a. taat asas" which translates to "obedient to principles" or "consistent".

Explanation

The word "konsisten" in the sentence means "consistent" in English. In this context, it implies that in order to become slim, one must exercise regularly and consistently. Therefore, the correct answer is "a. taat asas" which translates to "obedient to principles" or "consistent".

16. Gemuk lambang kemakmuran, itu pameo yang menyesatkan. Sebab, kegemukan membangkitkan hipertensi, diabetes millitus, dan dislipidemia. Ketiganya bisa menyebabkan stroke atau infrak jantung. Kalimat kesimpulan yang tepat untuk mengakhiri paragraf di atas adalah…

a. Oleh karena itu, jangan makan makanan yang berlemak.

b. Jadi, kegemukan dapat menimbulkan penyakit.

c. Makmur tidak identik dengan kegemukan.

d. Kunci pencegahannya, disiplin berdiet dan berolahraga.

e. Ternyata, kegemukan dapat mendatangkan masalah.

The given paragraph discusses how being overweight can lead to various health problems such as hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia, which in turn can cause stroke or heart attack. The sentence "Jadi, kegemukan dapat menimbulkan penyakit" directly translates to "So, being overweight can cause diseases" and accurately summarizes the main point of the paragraph. It connects the information provided about the health risks of obesity to the conclusion that being overweight can lead to various health problems.

Explanation

The given paragraph discusses how being overweight can lead to various health problems such as hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia, which in turn can cause stroke or heart attack. The sentence "Jadi, kegemukan dapat menimbulkan penyakit" directly translates to "So, being overweight can cause diseases" and accurately summarizes the main point of the paragraph. It connects the information provided about the health risks of obesity to the conclusion that being overweight can lead to various health problems.

17. Seperti bunga kacapiring, muka dan kulitnya kemerah-merahan dan kalau tertawa manis sekali.Dia adalah gadis yang sangat manyadari bahwa kecantikan adalah kelebihannya. Kemudian kecantikan pun ia manfaatkan untuk memuaskan hasrat hidupnya. Setiap laki-laki yang dia inginkan selalu akan bertekuk lutut padanya. Cara pengarang dalam menggambarkan perwatakan tokoh dalam penggalan cerpen di atas melalui….

a. Penggambaran langsung

b. Penggambaran fisik tokohnya

c. Dialog antartokoh

d. Pikiran para tokohnya

e. Tanggapan tokoh lainnya

The given passage describes the physical appearance and behavior of the character, emphasizing her beauty and the effect it has on others. This is an example of direct characterization because the author directly states the character's traits and qualities without relying on dialogue, thoughts, or the reactions of other characters.

Explanation

The given passage describes the physical appearance and behavior of the character, emphasizing her beauty and the effect it has on others. This is an example of direct characterization because the author directly states the character's traits and qualities without relying on dialogue, thoughts, or the reactions of other characters.

18. Perjalanan darat dari Banda Aceh menuju Takengon, Aceh Tengah, adalah petualangan mendebarkan,... karena melewati jalan berliku dengan tebing tinggi rawan longsor,... karena harus melewati sejumlah titik rawan kontak senjata antara TNI/Polri dan Gerakan Aceh Merdeka. Isian yang tepat untuk melengkapi kutipan di atas adalah...

a. bukan saja, tetapi juga

b. tidak, tetapi juga

c. bukan, melainkan juga

d. bukan saja, melainkan juga

e. tidak saja, tetapi juga

The correct answer is "a. bukan saja, tetapi juga". This is because the sentence mentions two challenging aspects of the journey: the winding road with high landslide-prone cliffs and the presence of conflict zones between the military/police and the Aceh Free Movement. The phrase "bukan saja, tetapi juga" means "not only, but also" in Indonesian, which accurately conveys the idea that the journey is not only thrilling due to the dangerous road conditions, but also because of the potential encounters with armed conflicts.

Explanation

The correct answer is "a. bukan saja, tetapi juga". This is because the sentence mentions two challenging aspects of the journey: the winding road with high landslide-prone cliffs and the presence of conflict zones between the military/police and the Aceh Free Movement. The phrase "bukan saja, tetapi juga" means "not only, but also" in Indonesian, which accurately conveys the idea that the journey is not only thrilling due to the dangerous road conditions, but also because of the potential encounters with armed conflicts.

19. Kami bertujuh selalu gembira melakukan tugas kami. Tomo kelihatan jarang bersedih meskipun dua jari tangan kirinya tak ada lagi. Marno tak seribut Tomo dan aku, tapi masih ada kelakarnya juga. Ratman masih gugup. Sedikit bedanya dengan Mulyadi sama kekanak-kanakan. Geli aku kalau ingat waktu keduanya kembali sesudah dikejar Belanda. Keduamya menangis dan Mulyadi menyebut-nyebut nama ibunya. Ia sendiri merasa malu beberapa hari kemudian. Latar yang tepat dalam cerpen di atas adalah….

a. Suasana perang melawan musuh

b. Di markas tentara

c. Perjalanan pulang setelah perang

d. Suasana perang melawan Belanda.

e. Merebut kemerdekaan dari Jepang

The correct answer is c. Perjalanan pulang setelah perang. The passage mentions that Mulyadi and his friends are returning home after the war, as they mention being chased by the Dutch and Mulyadi mentioning his mother's name. This indicates that they are on a journey back home after the war. The other options are not supported by the information given in the passage.

Explanation

The correct answer is c. Perjalanan pulang setelah perang. The passage mentions that Mulyadi and his friends are returning home after the war, as they mention being chased by the Dutch and Mulyadi mentioning his mother's name. This indicates that they are on a journey back home after the war. The other options are not supported by the information given in the passage.

20. Planet bumi berada dalam krisis ekologi besar akibat pemanasan global. Dampaknya jelas pada proses mencairnya lapisan es kutub. Proses pencairan itu menciutkan Kutub Utara hingga ukuran terkecil dalam seabad terakhir. Jika pencairan terus berlanjut, sebelum berakhirnya abad 21, Kutub Utara akan mengalami musim panas tanpa lapisan es sama sekali. Paparan mengejutkan ini disampaikan para ilmuwan Badan Antariksa AS (NASA) dan Pusat Data Es dan Salju Nasional AS. Pokok permasalahan yang terdapat dalam kutipan artikel di atas adalah ….

a. Mencairnya lapisan es Kutub Utara akibat pemanasan global.

b. Munculnya pemanasan global diakibatkan oleh krisis ekologi akhir-akhir ini.

c. Krisis ekologi bumi karena mencairnya es di Kutub Utara.

d. Proses mencairnya es kutub memicu munculnya pemanasan global.

e. Bumi mengalami krisis ekologi karena menciutnya Kutub Utara akhir-akhir ini.

The given correct answer suggests that the main issue highlighted in the article is the emergence of global warming due to the recent ecological crisis. The article mentions that the Earth is facing a major ecological crisis due to global warming, which is evident in the melting of the polar ice caps. The melting process has caused the North Pole to shrink to its smallest size in the last century. If the melting continues, the North Pole will experience summers without any ice cover before the end of the 21st century. This information emphasizes the link between the ecological crisis and the emergence of global warming.

Explanation

The given correct answer suggests that the main issue highlighted in the article is the emergence of global warming due to the recent ecological crisis. The article mentions that the Earth is facing a major ecological crisis due to global warming, which is evident in the melting of the polar ice caps. The melting process has caused the North Pole to shrink to its smallest size in the last century. If the melting continues, the North Pole will experience summers without any ice cover before the end of the 21st century. This information emphasizes the link between the ecological crisis and the emergence of global warming.

21. Akhirnya ibu mendapatkan sebuah rumah yang menyenangkan. Kami hidup tenteram dalam bimbingan ibu yang penuh kelembutan dan ayah yang bijaksana serta berwibawa. Aku kesepian dan kadang-kadang bosan bermain sendirian menunggu saudaraku pulang sekolah. Suatu hari kami pergi ke rumah di desa menumpang kereta api dan andong. Kami sangat gembira setelah sampai di rumah kakek. Tak henti-hentinya kami berbincang-bincang dengan kakek. Sudut pandang yang digunakan pengarang dalam kutipan novel di atas adalah…

a. orang pertama

b. orang kedua

c. orang ketiga

d. orang pertama dan ketiga

e. orang pertama dan kedua

The given passage uses a combination of first-person and third-person point of view. The use of "aku" (I) indicates that the narrator is speaking from their own perspective, which is a first-person point of view. However, the use of "ibu" (mother) and "ayah" (father) indicates that the narrator is also aware of the thoughts and actions of other characters, which is a third-person point of view. Therefore, the correct answer is d. orang pertama dan ketiga (first-person and third-person).

Explanation

The given passage uses a combination of first-person and third-person point of view. The use of "aku" (I) indicates that the narrator is speaking from their own perspective, which is a first-person point of view. However, the use of "ibu" (mother) and "ayah" (father) indicates that the narrator is also aware of the thoughts and actions of other characters, which is a third-person point of view. Therefore, the correct answer is d. orang pertama dan ketiga (first-person and third-person).

22. Kebanyakan kendaraan bermotor menimbulkan masalah bagi kesehatan lingkungan, terutama kendaraan bermotor berbahan solar yang merepotkan para pakar lingkungan hidup dalam mencari solusinya. Makna pernyataan berikut sesuai dengan makna pernyataan di atas kecuali

a. Ada kendaraan bermotor yang tidak menimbulkan masalah bagi kesehatan lingkungan.

b. Kendaraan bermotor yang berbahan bakar bensin tidak separah kendaraan berbahan bakar solar dalam menimbulkan masalah bagi kesehatan lingkungan.

c. Kendaraan bermotor berbahan bakar solar memiliki andil besar dalam menciptakan masalah bagi kesehatan lingkungan.

d. Semua kendaraan bermotor yang menimbulkan masalah bagi kesehatan lingkungan merepotkan para pakar lingkungan hidup.

e. Semua kendaraan bermotor, besar ataupun kecil kecil, dapat menimbulkan masalah bagi pakar lingkungan.

The given statement suggests that most motor vehicles, especially those fueled by solar energy, cause environmental health problems and pose challenges for environmental experts in finding solutions. The correct answer, option e, states that all motor vehicles, regardless of their size, can cause problems for environmental experts. This aligns with the given statement because it implies that both large and small motor vehicles contribute to the environmental health problems mentioned.

Explanation

The given statement suggests that most motor vehicles, especially those fueled by solar energy, cause environmental health problems and pose challenges for environmental experts in finding solutions. The correct answer, option e, states that all motor vehicles, regardless of their size, can cause problems for environmental experts. This aligns with the given statement because it implies that both large and small motor vehicles contribute to the environmental health problems mentioned.

23. Kondisi di Pulau Moyo sebenarnya hanyalah satu contoh kerusakan gugusan karang di Indonesia saat ini. Sedikitnya tercatat 17 kawasan yang gawat, mulai dari Pulau Weh, Aceh, Hingga Teluk Cenderawasih, Irian Jaya. Menurut data ga Oceanologi Indonesia, sekitar 46 % kondisi terumbu karang di Indonesia rusak berat, 14 % kritis, 33 % lumayan, dan hanya 17 % kondisinya bagus. Jenis paragraf di atas adalah…

a. narasi

b. deskripsi

c. eksposisi

d. argumentasi

e. persuasi

The given paragraph provides information about the condition of coral reefs in Indonesia. It presents facts and data about the percentage of damaged coral reefs in different areas of Indonesia. This type of paragraph is known as "eksposisi" or exposition, as it aims to inform and explain a specific topic or issue. It does not present any arguments or attempt to persuade the reader.

Explanation

The given paragraph provides information about the condition of coral reefs in Indonesia. It presents facts and data about the percentage of damaged coral reefs in different areas of Indonesia. This type of paragraph is known as "eksposisi" or exposition, as it aims to inform and explain a specific topic or issue. It does not present any arguments or attempt to persuade the reader.

24. Di era globalisasi seperti saat ini, informasi dapat diperoleh dari berbagai sumber. Dari sekian banyak sumber, salah satu di antaranya adalah buku. Bahkan, dalam kegiatan belajar mengajar, buku sangat besar peranannya. Tak dapat dibayangkan bagaimana kegiatan belajar mengajar berlangsung jika tidak didukung oleh adanya buku. Paragraf di atas dapat disimpulkan ….

a. Kegiatan belajar mengajar dalam era globalisasi sangat penting.

b. Dewasa ini kita tengah berada dalam era globalisasi.

c. Buku merupakan satu-satunya sumber informasi dalam era globalisasi.

d. Dalam kegiatan belajar mengajar buku mempunyai peran yang cukup penting.

e. Buku tidak bisa dilepaskan di era globalisasi ini.

The given paragraph discusses the importance of books in the current era of globalization. It states that information can be obtained from various sources, and books play a significant role in the teaching and learning process. Therefore, the correct answer is a. Kegiatan belajar mengajar dalam era globalisasi sangat penting, which translates to "Teaching and learning activities are crucial in the era of globalization." This answer accurately reflects the main idea of the paragraph, emphasizing the importance of education in the current globalized world.

Explanation

The given paragraph discusses the importance of books in the current era of globalization. It states that information can be obtained from various sources, and books play a significant role in the teaching and learning process. Therefore, the correct answer is a. Kegiatan belajar mengajar dalam era globalisasi sangat penting, which translates to "Teaching and learning activities are crucial in the era of globalization." This answer accurately reflects the main idea of the paragraph, emphasizing the importance of education in the current globalized world.

25. Pada tahun 1984, Indonesia telah berhasil mencapai swasembada beras. Hal ini berarti harga beras relatif terjangkau oleh masyarakat. Meningkatnya ketersediaan beras, pendapatan penduduk dan sistem nilai sosial pada beras telah mengarahkan pola konsumsi pangan pokok pada beras. Oleh karena itu diperlukan upaya-upaya penganekaragaman pangan pokok untuk mengurangi ketergantungan pada beras, serta meningkatkan mutu gizi pangan penduduk. Pernyataan berikut yang sesuai dengan isi paragraf di atas adalah

a. Keberhasilan Indonesia dalam mencapai swasembada beras dapat meningkatkan mutu pangan.

b. Peningkatan kecenderungan penduduk beralih ke pola konsumsi pangan pokok beras perlu diimbangi dengan penganekaragaman pangan pokok.

c. Karena swasembada beras dapat meningkatkan mutu gizi keluarga, pemerintah perlu mengusahakan pola konsumsi pangan pokok yang lain.

d. Penganekaragaman pola konsumsi pangan pokok penduduk merupakan pekerjaan besar yang mendukung program pemerintah.

e. Keberhasilan swasembada beras ditunjang oleh pemerintah dengan upaya perbaikan menu makanan rakyat.

The given paragraph discusses how Indonesia has achieved self-sufficiency in rice production, leading to affordable prices for the population. This has resulted in a shift in the consumption pattern towards rice as the staple food. However, in order to reduce dependence on rice and improve the nutritional quality of the population, efforts to diversify the staple food are needed. Option d correctly states that diversifying the consumption pattern of staple food is a significant task that supports the government's program.

Explanation

The given paragraph discusses how Indonesia has achieved self-sufficiency in rice production, leading to affordable prices for the population. This has resulted in a shift in the consumption pattern towards rice as the staple food. However, in order to reduce dependence on rice and improve the nutritional quality of the population, efforts to diversify the staple food are needed. Option d correctly states that diversifying the consumption pattern of staple food is a significant task that supports the government's program.