Soal Online X-3 Struktur Atom Sman 4 Samarinda

1. Atom yang berbeda nomor atomnya pasti berbeda dalam ….

A. jumlah nukleon

B. jumlah ion

C. jumlah elektron

D. nomor massa

E. muatan ion

Different atoms have different atomic numbers, which represent the number of protons in the nucleus. Since the number of protons determines the element's identity, atoms with different atomic numbers are different elements. Therefore, they will also have a different number of electrons, as the number of electrons must equal the number of protons to maintain a neutral charge. Hence, the correct answer is C. jumlah elektron (number of electrons).

Explanation

Different atoms have different atomic numbers, which represent the number of protons in the nucleus. Since the number of protons determines the element's identity, atoms with different atomic numbers are different elements. Therefore, they will also have a different number of electrons, as the number of electrons must equal the number of protons to maintain a neutral charge. Hence, the correct answer is C. jumlah elektron (number of electrons).

2. Pernyataan berikut yang benar tentang neutron adalah ….

A. merupakan partikel atom bermuatan positif

B. merupakan partikel atom bermuatan negatif

C. jumlahnya selalu sama dengan jumlah proton

D. jumlahnya dapat berbeda sesuai dengan nomor massa isotopnya

E. jumlahnya sama dengan jumlah elektron

Neutrons are particles that have no charge and are found in the nucleus of an atom. They are not positively or negatively charged like protons or electrons. The number of neutrons in an atom can vary depending on the isotope of the element, which is determined by the mass number. Therefore, option D is correct as it states that the number of neutrons can differ based on the isotope's mass number.

Explanation

Neutrons are particles that have no charge and are found in the nucleus of an atom. They are not positively or negatively charged like protons or electrons. The number of neutrons in an atom can vary depending on the isotope of the element, which is determined by the mass number. Therefore, option D is correct as it states that the number of neutrons can differ based on the isotope's mass number.

3. Isotop ₁₃Al²⁷ terdiri atas ….

A. 13 proton, 14 elektron, dan 27 neutron

B. 13 proton, 13 elektron, dan 27 neutron

C. 13 proton, 13 elektron, dan 14 neutron

D. 14 proton, 14 elektron, dan 13 neutron

E. 27 proton, 27 elektron, dan 14 neutron

The correct answer is C because the atomic number of an element is determined by the number of protons in its nucleus, and the atomic number of Aluminum is 13. Therefore, the isotope 13Al27 would have 13 protons. The number of electrons in an atom is equal to the number of protons, so it would also have 13 electrons. The mass number of an isotope is determined by the number of protons plus the number of neutrons, and since the isotope is 13Al27, it would have 14 neutrons.

Explanation

The correct answer is C because the atomic number of an element is determined by the number of protons in its nucleus, and the atomic number of Aluminum is 13. Therefore, the isotope 13Al27 would have 13 protons. The number of electrons in an atom is equal to the number of protons, so it would also have 13 electrons. The mass number of an isotope is determined by the number of protons plus the number of neutrons, and since the isotope is 13Al27, it would have 14 neutrons.

4. Perhatikan atom-atom berikut: 8P15; 7Q15; 6R14; dan 7S14. Atom yang merupakan isotop adalah ….

P dan Q

R dan S

P dan R

Q dan S

A dan D

The given atoms have different symbols (P, Q, R, S) and atomic numbers (8, 7, 6, 7) but same mass numbers (15, 15, 14, 14) respectively. Isotopes are atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons but the same number of protons. Since atoms Q and S have the same atomic number (7) but different mass numbers (15 and 14), they are isotopes of each other. Therefore, the correct answer is Q and S.

Explanation

The given atoms have different symbols (P, Q, R, S) and atomic numbers (8, 7, 6, 7) but same mass numbers (15, 15, 14, 14) respectively. Isotopes are atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons but the same number of protons. Since atoms Q and S have the same atomic number (7) but different mass numbers (15 and 14), they are isotopes of each other. Therefore, the correct answer is Q and S.

5. Partikel dasar penyusun atom terdiri atas proton, neuton dan elektron. Muatan listrik partikel dasar tersebut berturut-turut adalah …

–1, +1, 0

+1, –1, 0

+1, 0, –1

–1, 0, +1

0, –1, +1

The explanation for the correct answer is that the proton has a positive charge of +1, the neutron has no charge (0), and the electron has a negative charge of -1. Therefore, the correct sequence of the electric charges of the basic particles that make up an atom is +1, 0, -1.

Explanation

The explanation for the correct answer is that the proton has a positive charge of +1, the neutron has no charge (0), and the electron has a negative charge of -1. Therefore, the correct sequence of the electric charges of the basic particles that make up an atom is +1, 0, -1.

6. Atom berikut yang termasuk isotop adalah ….

A. 14 C6 dengan 14N7

B. 6 C12 dengan 6C13

C. 24Na11 dengan 24Mg12

D. 13C6 dengan 14N7

E. 2H1 dengan 3He2

The correct answer is B because isotopes are atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons. In this case, both 6C12 and 6C13 are isotopes of carbon. The number 6 represents the atomic number, which is the number of protons in the nucleus, and the numbers 12 and 13 represent the mass number, which is the sum of protons and neutrons in the nucleus. Therefore, 6C12 and 6C13 are isotopes of carbon with different numbers of neutrons.

Explanation

The correct answer is B because isotopes are atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons. In this case, both 6C12 and 6C13 are isotopes of carbon. The number 6 represents the atomic number, which is the number of protons in the nucleus, and the numbers 12 and 13 represent the mass number, which is the sum of protons and neutrons in the nucleus. Therefore, 6C12 and 6C13 are isotopes of carbon with different numbers of neutrons.

7. Konfigurasi elektron dari unsur 39 X adalah….

2 8 19

2 18 8 1

2 8 18 1

2 8 18 30

The correct answer is 2 8 18 1. This is the correct electron configuration for the element with atomic number 39. The first number (2) represents the number of electrons in the 1s orbital, the second number (8) represents the number of electrons in the 2s and 2p orbitals, the third number (18) represents the number of electrons in the 3s and 3p orbitals, and the fourth number (1) represents the number of electrons in the 4s orbital.

Explanation

The correct answer is 2 8 18 1. This is the correct electron configuration for the element with atomic number 39. The first number (2) represents the number of electrons in the 1s orbital, the second number (8) represents the number of electrons in the 2s and 2p orbitals, the third number (18) represents the number of electrons in the 3s and 3p orbitals, and the fourth number (1) represents the number of electrons in the 4s orbital.

8. Diketahui isotop ₁₇Cl³⁵, maka ion Cl^– mempunyai ….

A. 18 proton di dalam inti

B. 35 elektron di dalam inti

C. 17 elektron di sekitar inti

D. 18 elektron di sekitar inti

E. 17 neutron di dalam inti

The correct answer is D. 18 elektron di sekitar inti. Isotop 17Cl35 memiliki 17 proton di dalam inti, karena jumlah proton menentukan identitas unsur. Ion Cl– memiliki muatan negatif sehingga jumlah elektronnya lebih banyak daripada jumlah proton, yaitu 18. Elektron berada di sekitar inti atom dan membentuk lapisan elektron.

Explanation

The correct answer is D. 18 elektron di sekitar inti. Isotop 17Cl35 memiliki 17 proton di dalam inti, karena jumlah proton menentukan identitas unsur. Ion Cl– memiliki muatan negatif sehingga jumlah elektronnya lebih banyak daripada jumlah proton, yaitu 18. Elektron berada di sekitar inti atom dan membentuk lapisan elektron.

9. Massa atom relatif X tiga kali lebih besar dari massa atom C–12. Massa atom relatif Z dua kali lebih kecil dari massa atom X. Jadi, massa atom Z adalah ….( Ar C = 12 )

18

36

48

72

84

The relative atomic mass of X is three times larger than the relative atomic mass of C-12. The relative atomic mass of Z is two times smaller than the relative atomic mass of X. Therefore, the relative atomic mass of Z can be calculated by dividing the relative atomic mass of X by 2. Since the relative atomic mass of X is 36 (three times larger than C-12), the relative atomic mass of Z would be 18.

Explanation

The relative atomic mass of X is three times larger than the relative atomic mass of C-12. The relative atomic mass of Z is two times smaller than the relative atomic mass of X. Therefore, the relative atomic mass of Z can be calculated by dividing the relative atomic mass of X by 2. Since the relative atomic mass of X is 36 (three times larger than C-12), the relative atomic mass of Z would be 18.

10. Jika diketahui Ar Al = 27 ; S = 32 ; dan O = 16 Berapakah Mr Al₂(SO4)₃?

123

159

214

310

342

not-available-via-ai

Explanation

not-available-via-ai

11. Jika diketahui massa atom relatif Na = 23, S = 32, O = 16, maka massa molekul relatif Na₂SO₄•5H₂O adalah........

19

142

264

232

250

The given answer is 232. To find the relative molecular mass of Na2SO4•5H2O, we need to calculate the sum of the relative atomic masses of all the atoms present in the compound. The relative atomic mass of Na is 23, S is 32, O is 16, and H is 1. Since there are 2 Na atoms, 1 S atom, 4 O atoms, and 10 H atoms in the compound, we can calculate the mass as follows: (2*23) + 32 + (4*16) + (10*1) = 46 + 32 + 64 + 10 = 232. Therefore, the relative molecular mass of Na2SO4•5H2O is 232.

Explanation

The given answer is 232. To find the relative molecular mass of Na2SO4•5H2O, we need to calculate the sum of the relative atomic masses of all the atoms present in the compound. The relative atomic mass of Na is 23, S is 32, O is 16, and H is 1. Since there are 2 Na atoms, 1 S atom, 4 O atoms, and 10 H atoms in the compound, we can calculate the mass as follows: (2*23) + 32 + (4*16) + (10*1) = 46 + 32 + 64 + 10 = 232. Therefore, the relative molecular mass of Na2SO4•5H2O is 232.