Soal Sastra Melayu Lama

The correct answer is "pantun" because the description of the poem matches the characteristics of a pantun. A pantun is a traditional Malay form of poetry consisting of four-line stanzas with an abab rhyme scheme. The first two lines are called sampiran, which serve as an introduction or a metaphorical opening, while the following two lines are called isi and contain the main message or meaning of the poem. Therefore, based on the given description, it can be concluded that the poem is a pantun.

The correct answer is "menceritakan keluarga raja" because "bersifat istana sentris" means that the literature focuses on the royal family and their lives. It implies that the stories revolve around the monarchy and provide insights into the dynamics, traditions, and experiences of the royal household.

The correct answer is fabel, farabel, legende, sage. This is because the other options do not include the word "sage" which is a type of folk tale or legend. Fabel, farabel, and legende are all different variations of the word "fable" which refers to a short story with a moral lesson. Therefore, the correct answer includes all the correct terms related to different types of folk tales and legends.

The correct answer is "sastra indonesia pengaruh Hindu". This is because during the ancient times, Indonesia was heavily influenced by Hindu culture and religion, which had a significant impact on the development of Indonesian literature. Hindu epics and myths were adapted into various forms of literary works, such as Kakawin and Kidung. The influence of Hinduism can be seen in the themes, characters, and literary techniques used in Indonesian literature from that period.

Syair adalah bentuk puisi lama yang merupakan pengaruh kebudayaan Arab/Islam. Puisi syair memiliki ciri-ciri seperti menggunakan bahasa yang indah dan kiasan, mengandung pesan moral atau nasihat, serta biasanya ditulis dalam bentuk bait-bait yang terdiri dari beberapa baris. Bentuk puisi ini sangat populer dalam sastra Arab dan Islam, dan telah menjadi bagian dari warisan budaya yang diteruskan dalam masyarakat Indonesia.

Abdullah bin Abdulkadir Munsyi is considered a transitional figure in Indonesian literature because he lived during the transition from traditional Malay literature to modern Indonesian literature. He was one of the first Indonesian writers to use the Indonesian language as a medium for literary expression, rather than the traditional Malay language. Munsyi's works, such as his autobiography "Hikayat Abdullah," played a significant role in shaping the development of Indonesian literature during this period.

Based on the content, ancient poetry is divided into three categories: literature of laws, literature of guidance for kings or rulers, and historical literature. The term "sastra sejarah" translates to "historical literature," which fits in with the given categories and completes the list of options.

Kakawin is a type of poetry that was written in Old Javanese language and used Indian metrical forms (Tambo). It was developed during the Kediri and Majapahit periods.

The given poem is a gurindam. Gurindam is a traditional Malay poetic form that consists of two-line stanzas. Each stanza usually contains a complete thought or moral lesson. In this poem, the comparison is made between someone who neglects prayer and a house without pillars, implying that prayer is essential and necessary in life, just like pillars are crucial for a house.

Talibun adalah pantun yang terdiri dari enam baris sebait dengan pola sajak abc-abc. Dalam pantun ini, setiap baris terdiri dari 8-12 suku kata. Pantun talibun sering digunakan dalam tradisi sastra Melayu dan memiliki ciri khas dalam penyusunan bait-baitnya.

The given pantun (traditional Malay poem) consists of two lines that rhyme and have a similar rhythm. It also follows the common structure of a pantun, which is quatrain. Therefore, the correct answer is karmina, which refers to a type of pantun that has a more complex structure and often contains deeper meanings or moral lessons.

Pawang yang memiliki keahlian yang berkaitan dengan dunia pertenungan, perdukunan, dan ilmu hitam disebut "pawang malim".

An explanation for the given correct answer, "pawang osada," is that osada refers to a traditional healer or shaman in Indonesian culture. They possess knowledge and skills related to traditional medicine and healing practices. Therefore, pawang osada is the most appropriate option that aligns with the context of the question, which asks for a pawang (shaman) with expertise in medicine.