Sejarah Kelas Xii Ips 4

The correct answer is "Pemisahan kepentingan yang didasarkan atas warna kulit." This is because apartheid was a policy implemented by the South African government that involved the separation and segregation of different racial groups based on their skin color. It aimed to enforce the dominance and superiority of the white minority over the non-white majority by systematically discriminating against and oppressing non-white individuals and communities. This policy resulted in the establishment of separate institutions, laws, and facilities for different racial groups, perpetuating racial inequality and injustice.

The correct answer is Postdam. After World War II, the division of Germany into two countries, East Germany and West Germany, was a result of the Potsdam Agreement. This agreement was signed in Postdam, Germany in 1945 by the leaders of the Allied powers - the United States, Soviet Union, and United Kingdom. The agreement outlined the terms for the occupation and administration of Germany, including the division of the country into four occupation zones controlled by the Allies. The division of Germany into two separate countries came later, with the establishment of the German Democratic Republic (East Germany) and the Federal Republic of Germany (West Germany).

The correct answer is 1), 2), and 4). Richard Nixon was the President of the United States during the Vietnam War and played a significant role in the conflict. Ho Chi Minh was the leader of North Vietnam and was heavily involved in the conflict against South Vietnam. Ngo Dinh Diem was the President of South Vietnam and was also involved in the conflict. Therefore, the correct answer includes these three individuals who were all involved in the Vietnam War.

The correct answer is "Adanya kepentingan Amerika Serikat dan Uni Soviet yang terlibat Perang Dingin." This is because the division of Korea into two countries was a result of the Cold War rivalry between the United States and the Soviet Union. The United States supported South Korea, while the Soviet Union supported North Korea, leading to the establishment of separate governments in each region. The ideological and political differences between the two superpowers played a significant role in the division of Korea.

The main reason for the involvement of the United States and its allies in the Gulf War II was to protect their economic interests. This suggests that the primary motive for their participation was to safeguard their economic investments and ensure the stability of the region, rather than solely focusing on maintaining security in the Persian Gulf, protecting the people of Kuwait, preventing the spread of the war, or fulfilling the duties of the United Nations.

The correct answer is "Mencegah masuknya warga negara Jerman Timur ke Jerman Barat." The purpose of the construction of the Berlin Wall by the East German government was to prevent East German citizens from fleeing to West Germany. The wall was built to separate the two countries and restrict movement between them, effectively preventing East Germans from escaping to the West.

The correct answer is "serbuan Irak ke Kuwait" (Iraq's invasion of Kuwait). This event was one of the main causes of the Gulf War (Perang Teluk II). In 1990, Iraq, under the leadership of Saddam Hussein, invaded Kuwait and annexed it as its 19th province. This act of aggression by Iraq against its neighboring country led to international condemnation and intervention, ultimately resulting in the Gulf War.

Setelah reunifikasi, Jerman menghadapi masalah utama dalam bentuk kesenjangan ekonomi antara bekas Jerman Barat dan Jerman Timur. Jerman Timur mengalami kesulitan dalam beradaptasi dengan sistem ekonomi pasar yang baru, sementara Jerman Barat memiliki tingkat pertumbuhan ekonomi yang lebih tinggi. Kesenjangan ini menciptakan ketidaksetaraan dalam hal pendapatan, lapangan kerja, dan standar hidup antara kedua wilayah. Oleh karena itu, kesenjangan ekonomi menjadi masalah utama yang dihadapi Jerman setelah reunifikasi.

The correct answer is Mikhail Gorbachev because he was the leader of the Soviet Union from 1985 to 1991 and implemented policies such as glasnost (openness) and perestroika (restructuring) which aimed to reform the Soviet political and economic systems. These reforms were intended to strengthen the rule of law and reduce corruption within the government, thus promoting the supremacy of law in the Soviet Union.

The correct answer suggests that Nelson Mandela wanted the government to be held by both black and white people. This indicates that he aimed for a racially inclusive government, where people of different races would work together to govern the country. This approach reflects Mandela's belief in reconciliation and unity, as he sought to bridge the racial divide and build a society that respects and values all its citizens, regardless of their skin color.

The correct answer is 1, 4, dan 5. The desire for power, the fear of the Islamic revolution in Iran, and the entry of foreign powers into the Middle East are all reasons for the occurrence of the Gulf War II.

The correct answer is "Menerapkan sistem ekonomi sentralistik." This means that one of the causes of the poor economic condition of the Soviet Union was the implementation of a centrally planned economic system. This system, which was characterized by government control and ownership of industries, often led to inefficiency, lack of innovation, and misallocation of resources. These factors contributed to the overall decline of the Soviet economy.

The correct answer suggests that the background of the Apartheid policy in South Africa was the separation of interests and positions between the white and black populations. This implies that there was a systematic division and discrimination based on race, with the white population holding power and privileges while the black population was marginalized and oppressed. This policy aimed to maintain white supremacy and control over resources, leading to widespread social and political unrest as the black population resisted and fought against the oppressive regime.

Saddam Hussein invaded and occupied Kuwait to recover the economic condition of Iraq after the war with Iran. This is evident from the statement that Iraq had a debt of around 80 billion USD to Kuwait, which was used to finance the Iran-Iraq war. Additionally, it is mentioned that there were no efforts from Middle Eastern countries to help Iraq in its difficulties, which further supports the idea that Saddam Hussein invaded Kuwait to improve Iraq's economic situation.

The main reason for Iraq's invasion of Kuwait was the economic crisis that had affected Iraq. This suggests that Iraq may have invaded Kuwait in order to gain control over its resources and alleviate its economic problems. The other options, such as Iraq's hostility towards Saudi Arabia, Kuwait being a puppet of the United States, Kuwait's support for Iran in the Iran-Iraq War, and Saddam Hussein's expansionist and militaristic policies, may have played a role in the overall context of the invasion but were not the primary reason.

The correct answer is "Pengaruh program Mikhail Gorbachev." This is because Mikhail Gorbachev's policies of glasnost (openness) and perestroika (restructuring) in the Soviet Union had a significant impact on the political landscape of Eastern Europe, including East Germany. Gorbachev's reforms allowed for more political freedom and economic liberalization, which ultimately led to the fall of the Berlin Wall and the reunification of East and West Germany.

Based on the given table, the combination that can depict the political and socio-economic conditions of East Germany is X1), Y1), and Y3). This is because East Germany was under socialist-communist ideology (X1), the government intervened in the economy (Y1), and individual human rights were not respected (Y3).

The correct answer is Amerika Serikat. The Vietnam War was a civil war between North Vietnam and South Vietnam, with South Vietnam receiving support from the United States.

The factors that caused the conflict in Kashmir between India and Pakistan are the abundant oil reserves, the strategic location of Kashmir for military and economic interests, and the failure of the British government in decolonizing its territories. These factors led to tensions between India and Pakistan over control of the region, exacerbated by the majority Muslim population of Kashmir and its Hindu leader.

The correct answer is Uni Soviet. The Vietnam War was a civil war between North Vietnam and South Vietnam, with North Vietnam receiving support from the Soviet Union. This support included military aid, weapons, and financial assistance. The Soviet Union saw North Vietnam as a communist ally and provided assistance to help them fight against the anti-communist forces supported by the United States. The Soviet Union's involvement in the Vietnam War was part of the larger Cold War conflict between the United States and the Soviet Union.

Mikhail Gorbachev implemented his thoughts on the reform of the USSR in the 1980s and 1990s due to the stagnation and economic decline of the country. One of the first things he did was to create efforts to improve the standard of living for the society. This suggests that Gorbachev recognized the need to address the issues that were affecting the quality of life for the people in the USSR. By focusing on improving the standard of living, Gorbachev aimed to bring about positive changes and uplift the overall well-being of the society.

The correct answer is "Ideologi komunis semakin berkembang di kawasan Indo-Cina." This is because the victory of the North Vietnamese forces in the Vietnam War had a significant impact on Southeast Asia, particularly in terms of the spread of communist ideology. The success of the communist forces in Vietnam inspired and emboldened communist movements in neighboring countries, leading to increased support and influence for communist ideologies in the region.

The correct answer is that the exchange rate between East and West Germany was raised for political reasons and West Germany had to pay for it. This caused a heavy burden on the German economy and resulted in a sluggish economic growth.

Before the reunification of Germany, West Germany was under the influence of the USA, UK, and France and developed a democratic system in both politics and economy. On the other hand, East Germany was based on communist ideology, under the control of the Communist Party and the shadow of the USSR. The people's lives were not free, and their prosperity was not as good as in West Germany.

The correct answer is X2), X3), and Y2). This combination indicates that before reunification, West Germany followed a capitalist-democratic ideology, had a capitalist economic system, and there was a development of human rights.

The correct answer is wafatnya Joseph Broz Tito menyebabkan terjadinya perpecahan antaretnis. Joseph Broz Tito was a respected figure in the Balkan region and played a crucial role in uniting the diverse ethnic groups in Yugoslavia. He established a one-party political system with a centralized economic system. However, after his death, the absence of his strong leadership and the rise of ethnic tensions led to the disintegration of Yugoslavia and the outbreak of ethnic conflicts.

The situation of East Germany is indicated by statements A2, A3, and B1. Statement A2 mentions that it was established on October 7, 1949, with its capital in Berlin. Statement A3 mentions that many of its residents crossed the Berlin Wall in search of a better life. Statement B1 mentions that it was under the influence of the Soviet Union. These statements collectively provide information about the situation in East Germany during that time.

The correct answer is Slovenia and Croatia declaring independence and sovereignty unilaterally. This event marked the worsening of the political situation in Yugoslavia as it led to a series of conflicts and ultimately the breakup of the country. The proclamations of independence by Slovenia and Croatia were seen as a direct challenge to the authority of the central Yugoslav government and sparked tensions and violence between different ethnic groups within the country.

The correct answer is A1, B2, and B3. This is because statement 1 indicates that West Germany was under the control of the United States, England, and France, which is represented by A1. Statement 2 states that West Germany was established on October 7, 1949, with its capital in Berlin, which is represented by B2. Statement 3 mentions that many people from West Germany crossed the Berlin Wall in search of a better life, which is represented by B3. Therefore, the correct answer is A1, B2, and B3.

The correct answer is "Perebutan pengaruh antar negara sekutu setelah PD 2." This is because after World War 2, there was a power struggle between the allied nations to gain influence and control over different regions. Vietnam was one of the countries that became a battleground for this competition, with various countries vying for control and influence over the region. This led to the division of Vietnam into North and South, with different countries supporting and backing different factions in the country.

The formation of the Africa National Congress (ANC) can be seen as a response from the South African society to the Apartheid system. The ANC was established as a support from the people to fight against the discriminatory policies of Apartheid. It became a prominent political organization advocating for the rights and equality of all South Africans, regardless of their race. The ANC played a crucial role in mobilizing the masses, organizing protests and demonstrations, and ultimately contributing to the dismantling of the Apartheid system.

The correct answer is "Demokratisasi di Uni Soviet oleh Michael Gorbacev." The reunification of Germany was made possible by the democratization process initiated by Mikhail Gorbachev in the Soviet Union. Gorbachev's policies of glasnost (openness) and perestroika (restructuring) led to political and economic reforms in the Soviet Union, which eventually resulted in the fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989. This event paved the way for the reunification of East and West Germany, as the Soviet Union no longer opposed the idea of a united Germany.

The correct answer is the pride in one's skin color, which leads to looking down upon those with different skin colors. This suggests that the social system in South Africa is based on racial discrimination, with white and black communities being completely separated. This pride in one's skin color contributes to the division and segregation of society in South Africa.

The correct answer is "Adanya belenggu komunisme." This suggests that the main reason for the backwardness of East Germany was the presence of communist restrictions and control. The communist regime in East Germany imposed strict economic policies that hindered free market practices and limited individual freedoms. These restrictions and lack of economic freedom likely contributed to the country's economic stagnation and inability to compete with West Germany.

The correct answer is "Tidak terjadinya percampuran budaya Eropa yang unggul dengan kebudayaan lokal yang bar-bar". This is because the policy of apartheid aimed to separate the white population from the non-white population in South Africa, in order to maintain white dominance and prevent the mixing of superior European culture with the "barbaric" local culture.

The correct answer is 1, 4, and 5. This is because the data in the table shows that the differences between West Germany and East Germany are that West Germany is ideologically liberal, has a Chancellor as the head of government, and has its main economy based on industry. On the other hand, East Germany is ideologically socialist, has a President as the head of government, and also has its main economy based on industry.

The correct answer is the desire between Iraq and Iran to control the strategic water area in the Shaft Al-Arab. This is because the Iran-Iraq War, which occurred prior to the Gulf War, was mainly fought over territorial disputes and control of the waterway. Both countries wanted to gain dominance over this important shipping route, leading to tensions and eventually resulting in the Gulf War.

The correct answer is "Menjaga harga minyak bumi untuk tetap stabil." This is because the stability of oil prices is a crucial factor for foreign countries, especially the United States, as they heavily rely on oil imports from the Middle East. Any conflict or disruption in the region can lead to a significant increase in oil prices, which can have negative effects on the global economy. Therefore, maintaining stability in the oil market is a key motivation for foreign intervention in conflicts in the Middle East, such as the Gulf War.

The factors that led to the collapse of South Vietnam are stated in options 1, 3, and 4. These factors include the defeat of America in the war against the Vietcong fighters, the lack of support for the South Vietnamese government due to its poor governance, and the withdrawal of American troops from South Vietnam. These factors weakened the South Vietnamese government and made it vulnerable to the opposition from the North Vietnamese, which eventually led to its downfall.

The conflict between the former Yugoslav states was primarily caused by the prominent factors of ethnicity and religion. The region consisted of diverse ethnic and religious groups, such as Serbs, Croats, Bosniaks, and Albanians, who had deep-rooted historical and cultural differences. These differences, along with the rise of nationalism and the desire for self-determination, fueled tensions and ultimately led to the breakup of Yugoslavia and the outbreak of violent conflicts in the 1990s.

The correct answer is "Demonstrasi para mahasiswa akibat tindakan represif partai komunis Cekoslowakia." The peaceful revolution in Czechoslovakia in 1989 was a result of student demonstrations against the repressive actions of the Communist Party. These demonstrations played a significant role in bringing an end to four decades of communist rule in the country.

The correct answer is that the Soviet Union collapsed due to the political and economic policies of Mikhail Gorbachev, while Czechoslovakia collapsed due to economic disparities among its constituent states. This explanation highlights the key differences between the two situations, with the Soviet Union's collapse being primarily influenced by Gorbachev's policies and Czechoslovakia's collapse being driven by economic inequalities within the country.

The factors that indicate the causes of the breakup of Yugoslavia are the strong sentimental feelings between the Serbian and Croatian ethnic groups (1), the worsening economic conditions in Yugoslavia at that time (2), and the death of Josip Broz Tito as the President of Yugoslavia (5). These factors contributed to the tensions and conflicts within the country, leading to its eventual breakup.

The correct answer is "Adanya pertentangan antar etnis dan merajalelanya kkn di bidang birokrasi." This is because after the death of President Josip Broz Tito, Yugoslavia experienced disintegration due to conflicts between different ethnic groups and the rampant corruption in the bureaucracy. This led to the breakdown of unity and the emergence of conflicts in Yugoslavia. The other options mentioned, such as the implementation of referendums, simultaneous declarations of independence by the states, Serbian annexation in Bosnia-Herzegovina, and the influence of glasnost and perestroika, do not accurately explain the background of the conflicts in Yugoslavia.

The correct answer is "perbedaan pandangan dari dua kubu." The explanation for this is that the conflict in Vietnam was primarily driven by ideological differences between the communist and non-communist factions. The Geneva Agreement was an attempt to reconcile these differences by dividing Vietnam into two separate regions, but it ultimately failed to bring a satisfactory resolution to the conflicting views. This led to foreign intervention and further escalation of the conflict.

The factors that led to the collapse of Yugoslavia are having multiple ethnicities, experiencing an economic crisis, and conflicts in leadership. These factors contributed to dissatisfaction with the single-party system and the undemocratic political environment.

The correct answer is "Menstabilkan harga minyak dunia akibat embargo dari Irak". During the Gulf War II, Iraq imposed an embargo on Kuwait, causing disruptions in the global oil supply. The United States intervened to stabilize the world oil prices by assisting Kuwait in defending against Iraq's aggression. By protecting Kuwait's energy resources, the United States aimed to prevent further disruptions in the oil market and ensure stability in global oil prices.

The concept of glasnost and perestroika led to the collapse of the Soviet Union because the individual states of the Soviet Union started declaring their independence one by one. This weakened the central government and ultimately led to the dissolution of the Soviet Union as a unified entity.

The correct answer is that the Gulf region is strategically located and rich in natural resources, particularly oil, which is highly demanded by many countries worldwide. This explains why foreign parties were motivated to intervene in the conflict in the Middle East, especially during the Gulf War II.

The correct answer is the significant interest in the Middle East region, especially its oil reserves. This is supported by the information provided in the passage, which mentions the involvement of various countries, including the USA, in the Gulf War. The passage also highlights the importance of the Middle East region and its oil resources, which suggests that the motivation for foreign parties in the Gulf War was primarily driven by their interest in securing access to and control over these valuable resources.