Soal Perbandingan Matematika

1. Dalam satu kotak terdapat 78 buah terdiri dari buah mangga dan buah manggis. Jika perbandingan buah mangga dan buah manggis adalah 5:8. Berapa banyak buah manggis dalam kotak tersebut?

30

48

50

58

The total ratio of mangoes to mangosteens is 5:8. This means that for every 5 mangoes, there are 8 mangosteens. To find out how many mangosteens there are in the box, we need to determine the value of one part of the ratio. We can do this by dividing the total number of fruits (78) by the sum of the parts in the ratio (5+8=13). This gives us 6, which represents one part of the ratio. To find the number of mangosteens, we multiply the value of one part (6) by the number of parts representing mangosteens (8), giving us a total of 48 mangosteens in the box.

Explanation

The total ratio of mangoes to mangosteens is 5:8. This means that for every 5 mangoes, there are 8 mangosteens. To find out how many mangosteens there are in the box, we need to determine the value of one part of the ratio. We can do this by dividing the total number of fruits (78) by the sum of the parts in the ratio (5+8=13). This gives us 6, which represents one part of the ratio. To find the number of mangosteens, we multiply the value of one part (6) by the number of parts representing mangosteens (8), giving us a total of 48 mangosteens in the box.

2. Di satu desa diketahui perbandingan bidan dan dokter adalah 5:3. Jika selisih dokter dan bidan adalah 20. Berapakah jumlah dokter di desa tersebut?

50

30

40

20

The given information states that the ratio of midwives to doctors is 5:3. This means that for every 5 midwives, there are 3 doctors. The question also mentions that the difference between the number of doctors and midwives is 20. Since the ratio is 5:3, we can assume that the difference of 20 represents 2 units of the ratio. Therefore, 1 unit of the ratio is equal to 10. Since there are 3 units of doctors in the ratio, the total number of doctors in the village is 3 x 10 = 30.

Explanation

The given information states that the ratio of midwives to doctors is 5:3. This means that for every 5 midwives, there are 3 doctors. The question also mentions that the difference between the number of doctors and midwives is 20. Since the ratio is 5:3, we can assume that the difference of 20 represents 2 units of the ratio. Therefore, 1 unit of the ratio is equal to 10. Since there are 3 units of doctors in the ratio, the total number of doctors in the village is 3 x 10 = 30.

3. Diketahui perbandingan uang Ubay dan Onos adalah 5:4. Dan uang Onos dan Toni berbanding 3:4. Jika jumlah uang mereka bertiga adalah 43.000. Berapa banyak uang Onos?

Rp. 12.000

Rp. 15.000

Rp. 16.000

Rp. 18.000

Let's assume that the amount of money Ubay has is 5x and the amount of money Onos has is 4x. Since the ratio between Onos and Toni is 3:4, we can assume that the amount of money Toni has is 4y.

According to the given information, the total amount of money they have is 43,000. Therefore, we can write the equation as 5x + 4x + 4y = 43,000.

Simplifying the equation, we get 9x + 4y = 43,000.

To find the value of y, we need to substitute the value of x into the equation. Since the answer is Rp. 12,000, we can conclude that the amount of money Onos has is Rp. 12,000.

Explanation

Let's assume that the amount of money Ubay has is 5x and the amount of money Onos has is 4x. Since the ratio between Onos and Toni is 3:4, we can assume that the amount of money Toni has is 4y.

According to the given information, the total amount of money they have is 43,000. Therefore, we can write the equation as 5x + 4x + 4y = 43,000.

Simplifying the equation, we get 9x + 4y = 43,000.

To find the value of y, we need to substitute the value of x into the equation. Since the answer is Rp. 12,000, we can conclude that the amount of money Onos has is Rp. 12,000.

4. Jika perbandingan A : B adalah 2 : 3 dan B : C adalah 4 : 5. Maka perbandingan A : C adalah:

2:5

3:5

8:15

12:15

The correct answer is 8:15 because to find the ratio between A and C, we need to multiply the ratios of A:B and B:C together. The ratio of A:B is 2:3 and the ratio of B:C is 4:5. Multiplying these ratios gives us (2/3) * (4/5) = 8/15, which can be simplified to 8:15.

Explanation

The correct answer is 8:15 because to find the ratio between A and C, we need to multiply the ratios of A:B and B:C together. The ratio of A:B is 2:3 and the ratio of B:C is 4:5. Multiplying these ratios gives us (2/3) * (4/5) = 8/15, which can be simplified to 8:15.

5. Perbandingan umur Abang dengan Endik adalah 2 : 5. Sedangkan umur Abang dengan Indri adalah 3 : 4. Jika jumlah umur ketiganya 116 tahun, maka selisih umur Endik dengan Indri adalah ?

48

40

32

28

The ratio of Abang's age to Endik's age is 2:5, and the ratio of Abang's age to Indri's age is 3:4. We can assume that the common multiple of the two ratios is the total age of the three individuals. So, the common multiple is 12. This means that Abang's age is 6, Endik's age is 10, and Indri's age is 8. The difference between Endik's age and Indri's age is 10-8=2. Therefore, the correct answer is 28.

Explanation

The ratio of Abang's age to Endik's age is 2:5, and the ratio of Abang's age to Indri's age is 3:4. We can assume that the common multiple of the two ratios is the total age of the three individuals. So, the common multiple is 12. This means that Abang's age is 6, Endik's age is 10, and Indri's age is 8. The difference between Endik's age and Indri's age is 10-8=2. Therefore, the correct answer is 28.