Soal Osn Bahasa Inggris Sman 60 2016/2017

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The test is aimed at measuring the students' reading comprehension.Speed reading, careful reading and thorough reading are badly needed to accomplish this test perfectly. There are three genres for this test: Discussion, Exposition, and News Item.25 minutes is available for you to do the test.Do your best and good luck! 

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1.         Nuclear power is generated by using uranium, which is a metal mined in various parts of the world. The first large-scale nuclear power station was opened at Calder Hall in Cumbria, England, in 1956.        Some military ships and submarines have nuclear power plant for engines. Nuclear power produces around 11% of the world's energy needed, and produces huge amounts of energy. It causes no pollution as you'd get when burning fossil fuels.The advantages of nuclear are as follows:1. It costs about the same as coal, so it's not expensive to make2. It doesn't produce smoke or carbon dioxide,so it doesn't contribute to the greenhouse effect.3. It produces huge amounts of energy from small amount of uranium.4. It produces small amounts of waste.5. It is reliable        On the other hand, nuclear power is very, very dangerous. It must be sealed up and buried for many years to allow the radioactivity to die away. Furthermore, although it is reliable, a lot of money has to be spent on safety because if it does go wrong, a nuclear accident can be a major disaster.        People are increasingly concerned about this. In the 1990's nuclear power was the fastest growing source of power in many parts of the world. In 2005, it was the 2nd slowest-growing.Why is nuclear power very dangerous?

Explanation

Nuclear power is very dangerous because its radioactivity lasts long. This means that the waste produced by nuclear power plants remains radioactive for thousands of years, posing a significant risk to human health and the environment. The long-lasting radioactivity requires the waste to be sealed up and buried for many years to allow it to decay. If not properly managed, nuclear accidents can occur, leading to major disasters. Therefore, the long-lasting radioactivity of nuclear power makes it a dangerous source of energy.

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Soal Osn Bahasa Inggris Sman 60 2016/2017 - Quiz

The test is aimed at measuring the students' reading comprehension.Speed reading, careful reading and thorough reading are badly needed to accomplish this test perfectly. There are three genres for this test: Discussion, Exposition, and News Item.25 minutes is available fo... see moreyou to do the test.Do your best and good luck!  see less

2.

What first name or nickname would you like us to use?

You may optionally provide this to label your report, leaderboard, or certificate.

2.         The government has just published a report which suggest that television is partly responsible for the serious increase in crime over the last ten years. The exposure of violence or pornography harmfully effects on children.        Many people who are alive today know what it is like to live in a world without television. Television as we know is only about forty years old. Yet it is so much a part of our lives that it seems as if it had always existed.        Some people think that the years before the invention of television were a better time. They claim that families talked more and did more things together. More books were read. People used their imaginations more fully. People got more outdoor exercises.        But others disagree. They claim that television is a powerful educational tool. It informs us of what is going on in the world, from a famine in Africa to a local politics and fashion. It helps us understand how people live, work, and struggle.        In 1961, Newton Minnow, a government official, called prime-time schedules " a vast wasteland." Television is credited with being a great teacher, but it is also blamed for the poor reading and writing skills of our population. Television gets praised for helping us understand the people of the world. But it has been accused of helping to destroy family life. Television keeps us informed about the political issues of the day.        Experts will probably continue to argue about television's value. But everyone agrees that it is one of the most significant inventions of the twentieth century.Which of the following is good for children in watching TV?

Explanation

The given correct answer states that children should be accompanied by their parents in watching TV. This is because the government report suggests that exposure to violence or pornography on television can have harmful effects on children. By being accompanied by their parents, children can receive guidance and support in understanding and processing the content they are exposed to, ensuring their emotional and psychological well-being.

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3.         Male chauvinism (men's believe in male superiority) extends even into the area of automobile driving, it seems. They believe that they are far better drivers than women. Men consider women drivers incompetent, inattentive and even dangerous behind the wheel.        However, statistics prove that women are, in fact, safer drivers than men. For example, insurance rates for women are 20 percent than they are for men. Another proof is that more accidents are caused by male drivers between the ages of 18 and 25 than by any other groups. Also the greater percentage of accident involving death is caused by men.    Although women are criticized for being too cautious, they are really just being safe drivers.        The reason for women driver's safer habits can perhaps be  found in the differing attitudes of sexes toward automobiles as a convenience, like a washing machine.        On the other hand, men regard the automobile as an extension of their egos. Using it as a weapon when they feel particularly aggressive or using it as a status symbol.        In all, women are safer drivers because of their attitude. Men can learn to become safe drivers if they adopt the attitude that an automobile is merely a convenience.The text talks about ….

Explanation

The text discusses the belief of male chauvinism in male superiority in automobile driving and how men consider women drivers to be incompetent and dangerous. However, statistics prove that women are actually safer drivers than men, as evidenced by lower insurance rates for women and a higher percentage of accidents caused by male drivers. The text also suggests that women's safer driving habits may be attributed to their attitude towards automobiles as a convenience, while men view them as an extension of their egos. Therefore, the correct answer is a comparison between men and women drivers.

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4. Spanish Thief Saw Himself as Robin Hood-Like Bandit        Madrid (Reuters) - Spain's most wanted thief, "The Loner," saw himself as a Robin Hood-style figure and said he robbed banks only because they stole from the public, his lawyer said Thursday.       Accused of killing three policemen and holding up more than 30 banks, Jaime Jimenez Arbe was planning to move on to insurance companies when he was arrested last month, Spanish media reported, citing lawyer Jose Mariano Trillo-Figueroa.        "I am not a killer and if I was obliged to shoot at officers of the law, it was always against my will and in order to avoid being arrested," Jimenez said in a letter reproduced on the websites of newspapers El Pais and El Mundo.        Trillo-Figueroa said Jimenez, who robbed the banks disguised in a false beard and a wig, thinks of himself as Curro Jimenez, a Spanish 1970s television bandit in the style of Robin Hood.        The Loner was arrested in Portugal, armed with a submachine gun in preparation for another bank robbery-ReutersThe reason why "The Loner" robbed the banks is because . . . .

Explanation

The correct answer is that "he believed that the banks stole money from the public." This is supported by the statement from his lawyer that he saw himself as a Robin Hood-style figure and robbed banks because he believed they stole from the public. Additionally, the article mentions that he was planning to move on to insurance companies, indicating a belief that these institutions also took money from the public.

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5.        Living in a big city has both advantages and disadvantages. On the plus side, it is often easier to find work, and there is usually a choice of public transport, so you don't need to own a car. Also, there are a lot of interesting to do and places to see.       For example, you can eat in good restaurants, visit the museums, and go to the theater and to concerts. What is more, when you want to relax, you can usually find a park where you can feed the ducks or just sit on a park bench and read a book. All in all, city life is full of bustle and variety and you need never feel bored.       However, for every plus there is a minus. For one thing, you might have a job, but unless it is very well paid, you will not be able to afford many of the things that there are to do, because living in a big city is often very expensive.       It is particularly difficult to find good, cheap accommodation. What is more, public transport is sometimes crowded and dirty, particularly in the rush hour, and even the parks can become very crowded, especially on Sundays when it seems that every city dweller is looking for some open space and green grass. Last of all, despite all the crowds, it is still possible to feel very lonely in a city.       In conclusion, I think that city life can be particularly appealing to young people, who like the excitement of the city and don't mind the noise and pollution. However, many people, when they get older, and particularly when they have young children, often prefer the peace and fresh air of the countryside. What is the suitable title of the text above?

Explanation

The suitable title of the text above is "Living in a big city". The text discusses both the advantages and disadvantages of living in a big city, highlighting the positive aspects such as job opportunities, public transport, and various activities, as well as the negative aspects such as high cost of living, crowded public transport and parks, and potential feelings of loneliness. The title accurately reflects the content of the text, which provides a balanced view of living in a big city.

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6.         Nuclear power is generated by using uranium, which is a metal mined in various parts of the world. The first large-scale nuclear power station was opened at Calder Hall in Cumbria, England, in 1956.        Some military ships and submarines have nuclear power plant for engines. Nuclear power produces around 11% of the world's energy needed, and produces huge amounts of energy. It causes no pollution as you'd get when burning fossil fuels.The advantages of nuclear are as follows:1. It costs about the same as coal, so it's not expensive to make2. It doesn't produce smoke or carbon dioxide,so it doesn't contribute to the greenhouse effect.3. It produces huge amounts of energy from small amount of uranium.4. It produces small amounts of waste.5. It is reliable        On the other hand, nuclear power is very, very dangerous. It must be sealed up and buried for many years to allow the radioactivity to die away. Furthermore, although it is reliable, a lot of money has to be spent on safety because if it does go wrong, a nuclear accident can be a major disaster.        People are increasingly concerned about this. In the 1990's nuclear power was the fastest growing source of power in many parts of the world. In 2005, it was the 2nd slowest-growing.The opposite of dangerous is …….(paragraph 4)

Explanation

The paragraph states that nuclear power is very dangerous and requires a lot of money to be spent on safety measures. Therefore, the opposite of dangerous in this context would be safe.

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7.         The government has just published a report which suggest that television is partly responsible for the serious increase in crime over the last ten years. The exposure of violence or pornography harmfully effects on children.        Many people who are alive today know what it is like to live in a world without television. Television as we know is only about forty years old. Yet it is so much a part of our lives that it seems as if it had always existed.        Some people think that the years before the invention of television were a better time. They claim that families talked more and did more things together. More books were read. People used their imaginations more fully. People got more outdoor exercises.        But others disagree. They claim that television is a powerful educational tool. It informs us of what is going on in the world, from a famine in Africa to a local politics and fashion. It helps us understand how people live, work, and struggle.        In 1961, Newton Minnow, a government official, called prime-time schedules " a vast wasteland." Television is credited with being a great teacher, but it is also blamed for the poor reading and writing skills of our population. Television gets praised for helping us understand the people of the world. But it has been accused of helping to destroy family life. Television keeps us informed about the political issues of the day.        Experts will probably continue to argue about television's value. But everyone agrees that it is one of the most significant inventions of the twentieth century.The underlined sentence in paragraph 4 shows that they ….. with the existence of television.

Explanation

The underlined sentence in paragraph 4 shows that they agree with the existence of television. This is indicated by the statement that "Television keeps us informed about the political issues of the day." This suggests that the individuals mentioned in the sentence recognize the value of television in providing information and keeping people updated on important matters.

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8.         Male chauvinism (men's believe in male superiority) extends even into the area of automobile driving, it seems. They believe that they are far better drivers than women. Men consider women drivers incompetent, inattentive and even dangerous behind the wheel.        However, statistics prove that women are, in fact, safer drivers than men. For example, insurance rates for women are 20 percent than they are for men. Another proof is that more accidents are caused by male drivers between the ages of 18 and 25 than by any other groups. Also the greater percentage of accident involving death is caused by men.    Although women are criticized for being too cautious, they are really just being safe drivers.        The reason for women driver's safer habits can perhaps be  found in the differing attitudes of sexes toward automobiles as a convenience, like a washing machine.        On the other hand, men regard the automobile as an extension of their egos. Using it as a weapon when they feel particularly aggressive or using it as a status symbol.        In all, women are safer drivers because of their attitude. Men can learn to become safe drivers if they adopt the attitude that an automobile is merely a convenience.In term of car accidents, the statistics proves that car accidents caused by ….

Explanation

The explanation for the given correct answer is that statistics show that men are responsible for more car accidents than women. The passage mentions that more accidents are caused by male drivers between the ages of 18 and 25 than any other group. It also states that a greater percentage of accidents involving death are caused by men. Therefore, the answer "men are higher than those of women" is supported by the information provided in the passage.

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9. Spanish Thief Saw Himself as Robin Hood-Like Bandit        Madrid (Reuters) - Spain's most wanted thief, "The Loner," saw himself as a Robin Hood-style figure and said he robbed banks only because they stole from the public, his lawyer said Thursday.       Accused of killing three policemen and holding up more than 30 banks, Jaime Jimenez Arbe was planning to move on to insurance companies when he was arrested last month, Spanish media reported, citing lawyer Jose Mariano Trillo-Figueroa.        "I am not a killer and if I was obliged to shoot at officers of the law, it was always against my will and in order to avoid being arrested," Jimenez said in a letter reproduced on the websites of newspapers El Pais and El Mundo.        Trillo-Figueroa said Jimenez, who robbed the banks disguised in a false beard and a wig, thinks of himself as Curro Jimenez, a Spanish 1970s television bandit in the style of Robin Hood.        The Loner was arrested in Portugal, armed with a submachine gun in preparation for another bank robbery-Reuters"Trilo-Figueroa, said Jimenez, who robbed the banks disguised in a false beard and a wig .... (Paragraph 3)The underlined word "disguised" means . . . .

Explanation

The word "disguised" in this context means that Jimenez altered his appearance by wearing a false beard and a wig in order to conceal his true identity. This change in appearance allowed him to avoid being recognized and caught while committing the bank robberies.

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10.        Living in a big city has both advantages and disadvantages. On the plus side, it is often easier to find work, and there is usually a choice of public transport, so you don't need to own a car. Also, there are a lot of interesting to do and places to see.       For example, you can eat in good restaurants, visit the museums, and go to the theater and to concerts. What is more, when you want to relax, you can usually find a park where you can feed the ducks or just sit on a park bench and read a book. All in all, city life is full of bustle and variety and you need never feel bored.       However, for every plus there is a minus. For one thing, you might have a job, but unless it is very well paid, you will not be able to afford many of the things that there are to do, because living in a big city is often very expensive.       It is particularly difficult to find good, cheap accommodation. What is more, public transport is sometimes crowded and dirty, particularly in the rush hour, and even the parks can become very crowded, especially on Sundays when it seems that every city dweller is looking for some open space and green grass. Last of all, despite all the crowds, it is still possible to feel very lonely in a city.       In conclusion, I think that city life can be particularly appealing to young people, who like the excitement of the city and don't mind the noise and pollution. However, many people, when they get older, and particularly when they have young children, often prefer the peace and fresh air of the countryside.What is the advantage of living in a big city?

Explanation

Living in a big city has the advantage of often being easy to find work. This is because big cities usually have a larger job market with more opportunities available. This means that individuals living in a big city have a higher chance of finding employment compared to those living in smaller towns or rural areas. Having easy access to job opportunities can provide financial stability and career growth, making it an attractive aspect of city life.

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11.         Nuclear power is generated by using uranium, which is a metal mined in various parts of the world. The first large-scale nuclear power station was opened at Calder Hall in Cumbria, England, in 1956.        Some military ships and submarines have nuclear power plant for engines. Nuclear power produces around 11% of the world's energy needed, and produces huge amounts of energy. It causes no pollution as you'd get when burning fossil fuels.The advantages of nuclear are as follows:1. It costs about the same as coal, so it's not expensive to make2. It doesn't produce smoke or carbon dioxide,so it doesn't contribute to the greenhouse effect.3. It produces huge amounts of energy from small amount of uranium.4. It produces small amounts of waste.5. It is reliable        On the other hand, nuclear power is very, very dangerous. It must be sealed up and buried for many years to allow the radioactivity to die away. Furthermore, although it is reliable, a lot of money has to be spent on safety because if it does go wrong, a nuclear accident can be a major disaster.        People are increasingly concerned about this. In the 1990's nuclear power was the fastest growing source of power in many parts of the world. In 2005, it was the 2nd slowest-growing.Which statement is TRUE about nuclear?

Explanation

Nuclear power is described as reliable in the passage because it consistently produces a large amount of energy. The passage states that nuclear power is a reliable source of energy, but also mentions that a significant amount of money must be spent on safety measures due to the potential for major disasters if something goes wrong. Therefore, while it is reliable in terms of energy production, it also requires careful management to ensure safety.

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12.         Male chauvinism (men's believe in male superiority) extends even into the area of automobile driving, it seems. They believe that they are far better drivers than women. Men consider women drivers incompetent, inattentive and even dangerous behind the wheel.        However, statistics prove that women are, in fact, safer drivers than men. For example, insurance rates for women are 20 percent than they are for men. Another proof is that more accidents are caused by male drivers between the ages of 18 and 25 than by any other groups. Also the greater percentage of accident involving death is caused by men.    Although women are criticized for being too cautious, they are really just being safe drivers.        The reason for women driver's safer habits can perhaps be  found in the differing attitudes of sexes toward automobiles as a convenience, like a washing machine.        On the other hand, men regard the automobile as an extension of their egos. Using it as a weapon when they feel particularly aggressive or using it as a status symbol.        In all, women are safer drivers because of their attitude. Men can learn to become safe drivers if they adopt the attitude that an automobile is merely a convenience.Based on statistical data, which of the following is not in line with men drivers?

Explanation

The statement "They are safe and careful drivers" is not in line with men drivers according to the given information. The passage states that men consider women drivers to be incompetent, inattentive, and even dangerous behind the wheel. Additionally, statistics show that more accidents are caused by male drivers and the greater percentage of accidents involving death is caused by men. Therefore, the idea that men are safe and careful drivers is contradicted by the information provided.

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13.         The government has just published a report which suggest that television is partly responsible for the serious increase in crime over the last ten years. The exposure of violence or pornography harmfully effects on children.        Many people who are alive today know what it is like to live in a world without television. Television as we know is only about forty years old. Yet it is so much a part of our lives that it seems as if it had always existed.        Some people think that the years before the invention of television were a better time. They claim that families talked more and did more things together. More books were read. People used their imaginations more fully. People got more outdoor exercises.        But others disagree. They claim that television is a powerful educational tool. It informs us of what is going on in the world, from a famine in Africa to a local politics and fashion. It helps us understand how people live, work, and struggle.        In 1961, Newton Minnow, a government official, called prime-time schedules " a vast wasteland." Television is credited with being a great teacher, but it is also blamed for the poor reading and writing skills of our population. Television gets praised for helping us understand the people of the world. But it has been accused of helping to destroy family life. Television keeps us informed about the political issues of the day.        Experts will probably continue to argue about television's value. But everyone agrees that it is one of the most significant inventions of the twentieth century. What does the writer want to tell?

Explanation

The writer wants to convey the influence of television on people's daily life. The passage discusses both the positive and negative effects of television, including its impact on family life, educational value, and ability to inform viewers about the world. The writer also mentions the government report suggesting that television is partly responsible for the increase in crime, specifically due to the harmful effects of violence and pornography on children. Overall, the passage explores the various ways in which television has influenced and shaped people's lives.

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14. Spanish Thief Saw Himself as Robin Hood-Like Bandit        Madrid (Reuters) - Spain's most wanted thief, "The Loner," saw himself as a Robin Hood-style figure and said he robbed banks only because they stole from the public, his lawyer said Thursday.       Accused of killing three policemen and holding up more than 30 banks, Jaime Jimenez Arbe was planning to move on to insurance companies when he was arrested last month, Spanish media reported, citing lawyer Jose Mariano Trillo-Figueroa.        "I am not a killer and if I was obliged to shoot at officers of the law, it was always against my will and in order to avoid being arrested," Jimenez said in a letter reproduced on the websites of newspapers El Pais and El Mundo.        Trillo-Figueroa said Jimenez, who robbed the banks disguised in a false beard and a wig, thinks of himself as Curro Jimenez, a Spanish 1970s television bandit in the style of Robin Hood.        The Loner was arrested in Portugal, armed with a submachine gun in preparation for another bank robbery-Reuters Before being arrested, Jaime Jimenez Arbe . . . in Spain

Explanation

The correct answer is "had robbed 30 banks." This can be inferred from the information provided in the article, which states that Jaime Jimenez Arbe was accused of holding up more than 30 banks.

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15. Spanish Thief Saw Himself as Robin Hood-Like Bandit        Madrid (Reuters) - Spain's most wanted thief, "The Loner," saw himself as a Robin Hood-style figure and said he robbed banks only because they stole from the public, his lawyer said Thursday.       Accused of killing three policemen and holding up more than 30 banks, Jaime Jimenez Arbe was planning to move on to insurance companies when he was arrested last month, Spanish media reported, citing lawyer Jose Mariano Trillo-Figueroa.        "I am not a killer and if I was obliged to shoot at officers of the law, it was always against my will and in order to avoid being arrested," Jimenez said in a letter reproduced on the websites of newspapers El Pais and El Mundo.        Trillo-Figueroa said Jimenez, who robbed the banks disguised in a false beard and a wig, thinks of himself as Curro Jimenez, a Spanish 1970s television bandit in the style of Robin Hood.        The Loner was arrested in Portugal, armed with a submachine gun in preparation for another bank robbery-Reuters What is the text about?

Explanation

The text is about the arresting of Spain's most wanted thief, "The Loner," in Portugal. The thief saw himself as a Robin Hood-like figure and claimed to rob banks because they stole from the public. He was accused of killing three policemen and holding up more than 30 banks. He was planning to move on to insurance companies when he was arrested. The thief was found armed with a submachine gun, preparing for another bank robbery.

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16.         Male chauvinism (men's believe in male superiority) extends even into the area of automobile driving, it seems. They believe that they are far better drivers than women. Men consider women drivers incompetent, inattentive and even dangerous behind the wheel.        However, statistics prove that women are, in fact, safer drivers than men. For example, insurance rates for women are 20 percent than they are for men. Another proof is that more accidents are caused by male drivers between the ages of 18 and 25 than by any other groups. Also the greater percentage of accident involving death is caused by men.    Although women are criticized for being too cautious, they are really just being safe drivers.        The reason for women driver's safer habits can perhaps be  found in the differing attitudes of sexes toward automobiles as a convenience, like a washing machine.        On the other hand, men regard the automobile as an extension of their egos. Using it as a weapon when they feel particularly aggressive or using it as a status symbol.        In all, women are safer drivers because of their attitude. Men can learn to become safe drivers if they adopt the attitude that an automobile is merely a convenience.We can understand from the text that ….

Explanation

The explanation for the given correct answer is that the text states that men believe women drivers are incompetent, inattentive, and dangerous behind the wheel. However, statistics prove that women are actually safer drivers than men. Insurance rates for women are lower than they are for men, and more accidents are caused by male drivers between the ages of 18 and 25 than any other group. Therefore, the text suggests that men underestimate women drivers.

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17.      Many people say that examinations should be abolished because they are not the best measure of student's capabilities. These people believe that students can study on their own and do better without the nagging worry and pressure exerted by examinations.     Yet, there are persuasive reasons to show that examinations should not be abolished. It is insufficient that teachers assign homework and correct it. Because this is not done under supervision, they cannot be sure that it is really the work of the students themselves. Moreover, homework is not a test of student's ability. Homework is a method of merely keeping him occupied.     Nowadays, in the hunt for jobs, students need to produce some evidence of their capabilities. Prospective employers like to see copies of examination results. This is the only way a student's qualifications can be judged. This attitude greatly encourages the use of examinations, since it is considered it necessary for them to measure their capabilities.Why do some people disagree to abolish the examination?

Explanation

The given correct answer suggests that some people disagree with abolishing examinations because exam results are seen as the only proof of a student's capabilities. This implies that these individuals believe that exam results provide a reliable and objective measure of a student's knowledge and skills, which is important for prospective employers when evaluating job candidates. They may argue that without exams, there would be no standardized way to assess and compare students' abilities, potentially leading to a lack of transparency and fairness in the education system.

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18. Spanish Thief Saw Himself as Robin Hood-Like Bandit        Madrid (Reuters) - Spain's most wanted thief, "The Loner," saw himself as a Robin Hood-style figure and said he robbed banks only because they stole from the public, his lawyer said Thursday.       Accused of killing three policemen and holding up more than 30 banks, Jaime Jimenez Arbe was planning to move on to insurance companies when he was arrested last month, Spanish media reported, citing lawyer Jose Mariano Trillo-Figueroa.        "I am not a killer and if I was obliged to shoot at officers of the law, it was always against my will and in order to avoid being arrested," Jimenez said in a letter reproduced on the websites of newspapers El Pais and El Mundo.        Trillo-Figueroa said Jimenez, who robbed the banks disguised in a false beard and a wig, thinks of himself as Curro Jimenez, a Spanish 1970s television bandit in the style of Robin Hood.        The Loner was arrested in Portugal, armed with a submachine gun in preparation for another bank robbery-ReutersWhat is the purpose of the text?

Explanation

The purpose of the text is to inform the readers about a Spanish thief who saw himself as a Robin Hood-like figure. The article provides details about the thief's motivations and actions, including his belief that he robbed banks because they stole from the public. The text also mentions his plans to target insurance companies and his arrest in Portugal while armed with a submachine gun. The article aims to inform the readers about this unusual story and the personal identity of the thief.

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19.        Living in a big city has both advantages and disadvantages. On the plus side, it is often easier to find work, and there is usually a choice of public transport, so you don't need to own a car. Also, there are a lot of interesting to do and places to see.       For example, you can eat in good restaurants, visit the museums, and go to the theater and to concerts. What is more, when you want to relax, you can usually find a park where you can feed the ducks or just sit on a park bench and read a book. All in all, city life is full of bustle and variety and you need never feel bored.       However, for every plus there is a minus. For one thing, you might have a job, but unless it is very well paid, you will not be able to afford many of the things that there are to do, because living in a big city is often very expensive.       It is particularly difficult to find good, cheap accommodation. What is more, public transport is sometimes crowded and dirty, particularly in the rush hour, and even the parks can become very crowded, especially on Sundays when it seems that every city dweller is looking for some open space and green grass. Last of all, despite all the crowds, it is still possible to feel very lonely in a city.       In conclusion, I think that city life can be particularly appealing to young people, who like the excitement of the city and don't mind the noise and pollution. However, many people, when they get older, and particularly when they have young children, often prefer the peace and fresh air of the countryside. What is the main idea of the second paragraph?

Explanation

The main idea of the second paragraph is the advantages of living in a big city. It discusses the positive aspects such as finding work easily, having a choice of public transport, and the availability of various activities and places to visit. It also mentions the option to relax in parks. However, it acknowledges that there are also disadvantages associated with city life.

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20.        Living in a big city has both advantages and disadvantages. On the plus side, it is often easier to find work, and there is usually a choice of public transport, so you don't need to own a car. Also, there are a lot of interesting to do and places to see.       For example, you can eat in good restaurants, visit the museums, and go to the theater and to concerts. What is more, when you want to relax, you can usually find a park where you can feed the ducks or just sit on a park bench and read a book. All in all, city life is full of bustle and variety and you need never feel bored.       However, for every plus there is a minus. For one thing, you might have a job, but unless it is very well paid, you will not be able to afford many of the things that there are to do, because living in a big city is often very expensive.       It is particularly difficult to find good, cheap accommodation. What is more, public transport is sometimes crowded and dirty, particularly in the rush hour, and even the parks can become very crowded, especially on Sundays when it seems that every city dweller is looking for some open space and green grass. Last of all, despite all the crowds, it is still possible to feel very lonely in a city.       In conclusion, I think that city life can be particularly appealing to young people, who like the excitement of the city and don't mind the noise and pollution. However, many people, when they get older, and particularly when they have young children, often prefer the peace and fresh air of the countryside.The underlined word means…

Explanation

The underlined word "appealing" means attractive. In the given passage, the author is discussing the advantages and disadvantages of living in a big city. They mention that city life can be particularly appealing to young people who enjoy the excitement of the city. This suggests that young people find the city attractive due to its bustling and varied nature. Therefore, the correct answer is attractive.

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21.         Male chauvinism (men's believe in male superiority) extends even into the area of automobile driving, it seems. They believe that they are far better drivers than women. Men consider women drivers incompetent, inattentive and even dangerous behind the wheel.        However, statistics prove that women are, in fact, safer drivers than men. For example, insurance rates for women are 20 percent than they are for men. Another proof is that more accidents are caused by male drivers between the ages of 18 and 25 than by any other groups. Also the greater percentage of accident involving death is caused by men.    Although women are criticized for being too cautious, they are really just being safe drivers.        The reason for women driver's safer habits can perhaps be  found in the differing attitudes of sexes toward automobiles as a convenience, like a washing machine.        On the other hand, men regard the automobile as an extension of their egos. Using it as a weapon when they feel particularly aggressive or using it as a status symbol.        In all, women are safer drivers because of their attitude. Men can learn to become safe drivers if they adopt the attitude that an automobile is merely a convenience."Men consider women drivers incompetent, inattentive, and even dangerous behind the wheel. (Paragraph 1). The underlined word means …. 

Explanation

The underlined word "incompetent" means careless. This is evident from the context of the sentence, where it is mentioned that men believe women drivers to be incompetent, inattentive, and dangerous behind the wheel. The word "incompetent" suggests that men perceive women drivers as lacking the necessary skills and care required for driving safely.

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22.         Nuclear power is generated by using uranium, which is a metal mined in various parts of the world. The first large-scale nuclear power station was opened at Calder Hall in Cumbria, England, in 1956.        Some military ships and submarines have nuclear power plant for engines. Nuclear power produces around 11% of the world's energy needed, and produces huge amounts of energy. It causes no pollution as you'd get when burning fossil fuels.The advantages of nuclear are as follows:1. It costs about the same as coal, so it's not expensive to make2. It doesn't produce smoke or carbon dioxide,so it doesn't contribute to the greenhouse effect.3. It produces huge amounts of energy from small amount of uranium.4. It produces small amounts of waste.5. It is reliable        On the other hand, nuclear power is very, very dangerous. It must be sealed up and buried for many years to allow the radioactivity to die away. Furthermore, although it is reliable, a lot of money has to be spent on safety because if it does go wrong, a nuclear accident can be a major disaster.        People are increasingly concerned about this. In the 1990's nuclear power was the fastest growing source of power in many parts of the world. In 2005, it was the 2nd slowest-growing.The text discusses about ....

Explanation

The given text provides information about the advantages and disadvantages of nuclear power. It mentions that nuclear power is cost-effective, does not produce pollution, produces large amounts of energy from a small amount of uranium, and produces small amounts of waste. However, it also highlights the dangers associated with nuclear power, such as the need for long-term storage of radioactive waste and the potential for major disasters if safety measures fail. Therefore, the text discusses the advantages and disadvantages of nuclear power.

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23.        Many people say that examinations should be abolished because they are not the best measure of student's capabilities. These people believe that students can study on their own and do better without the nagging worry and pressure exerted by examinations.       Yet, there are persuasive reasons to show that examinations should not be abolished. It is insufficient that teachers assign homework and correct it. Because this is not done under supervision, they cannot be sure that it is really the work of the students themselves. Moreover, homework is not a test of student's ability. Homework is a method of merely keeping him occupied.       Nowadays, in the hunt for jobs, students need to produce some evidence of their capabilities. Prospective employers like to see copies of examination results. This is the only way a student's qualifications can be judged. This attitude greatly encourages the use of examinations, since it is considered it necessary for them to measure their capabilities.From the text above, we infer that….

Explanation

The given text states that examinations are still used to measure students' qualifications. It mentions that prospective employers like to see copies of examination results as evidence of a student's capabilities. This suggests that examinations are still considered necessary for judging a student's qualifications. Therefore, the correct answer is that the examination is still used for measuring students' qualifications.

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24.        Many people say that examinations should be abolished because they are not the best measure of student's capabilities. These people believe that students can study on their own and do better without the nagging worry and pressure exerted by examinations.       Yet, there are persuasive reasons to show that examinations should not be abolished. It is insufficient that teachers assign homework and correct it. Because this is not done under supervision, they cannot be sure that it is really the work of the students themselves. Moreover, homework is not a test of student's ability. Homework is a method of merely keeping him occupied.       Nowadays, in the hunt for jobs, students need to produce some evidence of their capabilities. Prospective employers like to see copies of examination results. This is the only way a student's qualifications can be judged. This attitude greatly encourages the use of examinations, since it is considered it necessary for them to measure their capabilities.What is the main idea of paragraph 2?

Explanation

The main idea of paragraph 2 is that examinations should not be abolished because assigning homework and correcting it is not sufficient to measure a student's abilities. The paragraph explains that homework is not a test of a student's ability and is only a way to keep them occupied. The paragraph also suggests that examinations are necessary for students to provide evidence of their capabilities, which is important for prospective employers. Therefore, the main idea of paragraph 2 is that the examination still continues to be important.

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25.         The government has just published a report which suggest that television is partly responsible for the serious increase in crime over the last ten years. The exposure of violence or pornography harmfully effects on children.        Many people who are alive today know what it is like to live in a world without television. Television as we know is only about forty years old. Yet it is so much a part of our lives that it seems as if it had always existed.        Some people think that the years before the invention of television were a better time. They claim that families talked more and did more things together. More books were read. People used their imaginations more fully. People got more outdoor exercises.        But others disagree. They claim that television is a powerful educational tool. It informs us of what is going on in the world, from a famine in Africa to a local politics and fashion. It helps us understand how people live, work, and struggle.        In 1961, Newton Minnow, a government official, called prime-time schedules " a vast wasteland." Television is credited with being a great teacher, but it is also blamed for the poor reading and writing skills of our population. Television gets praised for helping us understand the people of the world. But it has been accused of helping to destroy family life. Television keeps us informed about the political issues of the day.        Experts will probably continue to argue about television's value. But everyone agrees that it is one of the most significant inventions of the twentieth century.The underlined word ("famine" in paragraph 4) means lack of ….

Explanation

The correct answer is "entertainment". In the given context, the word "famine" is used to describe a situation where there is a severe lack of food. This suggests that the word "famine" refers to a lack of sustenance or nourishment, which aligns with the meaning of "food" rather than the other options. The sentence implies that television informs viewers about various issues, including famines, which are a form of entertainment or news rather than education, water, nutrient, or entertainment.

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        Nuclear power is generated by using...
        The government has just published a report...
        Male chauvinism (men's believe in male...
Spanish Thief Saw Himself as Robin Hood-Like Bandit   ...
       Living in a big city has both advantages...
        Nuclear power is generated by using...
        The government has just published a report...
        Male chauvinism (men's believe in male...
Spanish Thief Saw Himself as Robin Hood-Like Bandit   ...
       Living in a big city has both advantages...
        Nuclear power is generated by using...
        Male chauvinism (men's believe in male...
        The government has just published a report...
Spanish Thief Saw Himself as Robin Hood-Like Bandit   ...
Spanish Thief Saw Himself as Robin Hood-Like Bandit   ...
        Male chauvinism (men's believe in male...
     Many people say that examinations should be...
Spanish Thief Saw Himself as Robin Hood-Like Bandit   ...
       Living in a big city has both advantages...
       Living in a big city has both advantages...
        Male chauvinism (men's believe in male...
        Nuclear power is generated by using...
       Many people say that examinations should be...
       Many people say that examinations should be...
        The government has just published a report...
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