Pas Sejarah Indonesia Kelas Xii

The given statement "Gagalkan pembentukan Negara Boneka Papua, kibarkan bendera Merah Putih di seluruh Irian Barat, bersiaplah untuk Mobilisasi Umum" is a part of the TRIKORA (Tri Komando Rakyat) or the Triple Command of the People. TRIKORA was a political campaign launched by Indonesian President Sukarno in 1961. It aimed to oppose the formation of a puppet state in Papua, raise the Indonesian flag throughout West Irian (now West Papua), and prepare for general mobilization. This campaign was a significant event in Indonesia's struggle for independence and the unification of its territories.

The correct answer is 1 and 2. This is because placing civilians as the implementers of popular sovereignty and government helps prevent the president from having too much power since the government's authority is held by the ruling party. This system also addresses the issue of unhealthy competition in parliament and the cabinet.

The correct answer is Ali Baba because Ali Baba refers to the policy of the Liberal Democracy government that aimed to foster cooperation between indigenous entrepreneurs and Chinese descendant entrepreneurs. This policy was implemented to promote economic growth and development by leveraging the strengths and resources of both groups.

The correct answer, "Operasi militer Pagar Betis," refers to a military operation conducted by the government's army, in which they involved the local community to surround the areas of the DI/TII forces and restrict Kartosuwiryo's movements. This operation aimed to suppress and eliminate the rebellion led by Kartosuwiryo and his followers.

The correct answer is Dwikora. Dwikora was a policy issued by President Soekarno on May 3, 1964, in Jakarta. It aimed to strengthen the defense of the Indonesian Revolution and support the struggle of the Malaysian people to free themselves from British colonialism.

The correct answer is "Pemotongan uang nominal Rp.2,50 ke atas." This action was taken by the Minister of Finance to address the budget deficit and reduce the amount of money in circulation. By cutting the value of currency notes above Rp.2,50, it would help control inflation and stabilize the economy.

During the period of Guided Democracy (1959-1965), the construction of Istora Senayan, Hotel Indonesia, and Jembatan Semanggi was referred to as the implementation of the "Mercusuar" or lighthouse policy. The term "Mercusuar" symbolizes the government's efforts to showcase Indonesia's progress and development to the international community. These construction projects were seen as symbols of modernity and progress, aiming to attract foreign investment and establish Indonesia as a prominent player in the global stage.

The correct answer is DI/TII di Jawa Barat. The Renville Agreement signed on December 8, 1947, required the TNI (Indonesian National Army) to leave the West Java region and migrate to Central Java. This displacement of TNI forces created a power vacuum in West Java, which was exploited by the Darul Islam/Tentara Islam Indonesia (DI/TII) movement. DI/TII launched a rebellion in West Java, seeking to establish an Islamic state and resist the Indonesian government. This rebellion was one of the consequences of the TNI's withdrawal from West Java, as stated in the explanation.

The correct answer is Wilopo because the question is asking about the person who was the Prime Minister during the incident of the return of land owned by Deli Planters Veereniging, which resulted in a clash and the death of 5 farmers. Wilopo was the Prime Minister of Indonesia from 1952 to 1953, and this incident likely occurred during his tenure.

The correct answer is 1 and 3. The statement mentions that the goals of the G30S/PKI rebellion in 1965 were to change the foundation of the Pancasila state to communism and to take over power from President Soekarno. Therefore, options 1 and 3 align with these goals.

The correct answer is 2,3 and 5. This is because PKI Madiun 1948, DI/TII Jawa Barat, and G30S/PKI 1965 are all rebellions related to ideological conflicts. PRRI/PERMESTA and Republik Maluku Selatan (RMS) are not directly related to ideological conflicts.

The correct answer is "Tidak menyetujui Malaysia menjadi anggota tidak tetap Dewan Keamanan PBB" because it states that Indonesia did not approve Malaysia's membership as a non-permanent member of the UN Security Council. This disagreement led to Indonesia's withdrawal from the United Nations.

The correct answer is Sukiman. The explanation for this answer is that the cabinet fell due to the main problem of the exchange of notes between Foreign Minister Ahmad Subarjo and US Ambassador Merle Cochran. Sukiman was not mentioned in the given information, so it can be inferred that he was not involved in the issue and therefore not responsible for the downfall of the cabinet.

Robert Steven Soumokil is the figure that matches the statements given. The statements mention that he was a former attorney general in East Indonesia, he was arrested and tried by the Extraordinary Military Court in Jakarta on December 12, 1963, and he did not agree with the Republic of Indonesia and rejected the merger of East Indonesia into the RIS region. Therefore, Robert Steven Soumokil is the correct answer.

The correct answer is 2, 4, and 5. The statement "tidak lagi memandang laut sebagai pemisah dan pemecah bangsa" indicates that after the declaration, the sea is no longer seen as a separator and divider of the nation. This suggests a shift in perspective towards unity. The statement "kapal-kapal asing bebas mengarungi laut di wilayah Indonesia" implies that foreign ships are now allowed to freely navigate the Indonesian waters, indicating a more open and international approach. Lastly, the statement "batas kontinen laut kita diubah dari 3 mil batas air terendah menjadi 12 mil" suggests that the continental boundaries of Indonesian waters have been expanded from 3 nautical miles to 12 nautical miles, giving Indonesia more control and jurisdiction over its maritime territory.

The correct answer is 1,2 dan 3. This is because the given statements explain the different aspects of the meaning of general elections. Statement 1 mentions that general elections are a form of implementing democratic governance. Statement 2 states that general elections are conducted to create a strong and sovereign government. Statement 3 highlights that general elections are a form of political participation for every citizen. Therefore, all three statements collectively represent the meaning of general elections.

The correct answer is "Para buruh dan tani dipersenjatai" because the idea proposed by the PKI in January 1965 was to arm the workers and farmers. This suggestion aimed to strengthen the power and influence of the PKI by providing weapons to the working class and rural population. By arming the workers and farmers, the PKI hoped to create a strong support base and potentially use them as a means to secure and protect the ideology of Pancasila, which was the foundation of the Indonesian state.

The correct answer is "Maklumat pemerintah 3 November 1945". This is because the question states that the formation of new political parties occurred after the government issued something. Among the options given, only the "Maklumat pemerintah 3 November 1945" fits this criteria. Therefore, it can be inferred that the issuance of this government proclamation led to the formation of new political parties.

The correct answer is "Anggota Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat". The first general election in 1955 was held over two days and different months. On September 29, 1955, the election was conducted to select members of the Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat (People's Representative Council).

The given information states that the cabinet in question is the first cabinet during the period of Parliamentary Democracy, a coalition cabinet led by Masyumi, and it was during this cabinet that the first negotiations between Indonesia and the Netherlands regarding the issue of West Irian took place but reached a deadlock. Based on these details, the correct answer is Natsir.

The correct answer suggests that the government's effort to handle Andi Azis' rebellion is to issue an ultimatum for him to report to Jakarta within 4X24 hours. This implies that the government is taking a decisive action to address the situation and expects Andi Azis to comply with their demand. By setting a strict deadline, the government is likely trying to assert its authority and control over the situation.

The correct answer is 3, 4, dan 5. This is because the Decree of President Soekarno issued on July 5, 1959, included the dissolution of the Konstituante (number 3), the reinstatement of the 1945 Constitution and the non-applicability of the 1950 Constitution (number 4), and the formation of the MPRS and DPAS (number 5). The other options do not include all the mentioned points in the Decree.

The statement mentions the influential political forces during the era of Guided Democracy in Indonesia. The correct answer, "1,2 dan 3" (1, 2, and 3), indicates that the Indonesian Army (Angkatan Darat), the Indonesian Communist Party (Partai Komunis Indonesia), and President Soekarno were the influential political forces during that time.

Andi Azis and the Republic of South Maluku (Republik Maluku Selatan) were involved in a rebellion for their own interests. The other options listed are not relevant to rebellions or uprisings based on self-interest.

Prof. Sumitro Joyohadikusumo berpendapat bahwa yang perlu dilakukan dalam pembangunan ekonomi Indonesia adalah mengubah struktur ekonomi Kolonial menjadi ekonomi Nasional. Ini berarti bahwa Indonesia harus menghentikan ketergantungan pada ekonomi kolonial yang didominasi oleh negara-negara asing dan mengembangkan ekonomi yang lebih mandiri dan berpusat pada kepentingan nasional. Dengan mengubah struktur ekonomi ini, Indonesia dapat memperkuat kedaulatan ekonomi dan meningkatkan kesejahteraan rakyat.

The correct answer is "Adanya pertentangan kepentingan dan konflik idiologis antar partai politik dalam Konstituante". This is because when there is a clash of interests and ideological conflicts among political parties in the Constituent Assembly, it becomes difficult to reach a consensus and create a new Constitution. These conflicts can hinder the decision-making process and prevent the formation of a new Constitution.

The explanation for the correct answer (3,4, and 5) is that the statements mentioned in numbers 3, 4, and 5 are related to the rebellion of DI/TII Aceh. Statement number 3 states that the territory of the rebellion was determined as part of the North Sumatra province. Statement number 4 mentions that the Ulama (Islamic scholars) felt that the government did not appreciate their struggle to defend the republic. Statement number 5 states that President Soekarno, Vice President Moh.Hatta, and Prime Minister M.Natsir took the path of negotiation. These statements provide information about the rebellion in Aceh.

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The correct answer is "Sistem ekonomi Gerakan Benteng". The explanation for this answer is that the given statements suggest that the effort to improve the economy during the Liberal Democracy period was aimed at transforming the colonial economic structure into a national economic structure. This aligns with the concept of "Gerakan Benteng" or "Fortress Movement" which was a movement in Indonesia that aimed to strengthen the national economy by reducing the influence of foreign economic domination and promoting indigenous economic development.

The correct answer is UNTEA (United Nation Temporary Executive Authority). This is because according to the New York Agreement, which was signed on October 1, 1962, the Netherlands agreed to transfer the administration of West Irian (now known as West Papua) to the United Nations. UNTEA was then established as the temporary executive authority to oversee the transition of power from the Netherlands to Indonesia. UNTEA was responsible for organizing and supervising the Act of Free Choice in 1969, which ultimately resulted in West Papua becoming part of Indonesia.

The correct answer is 1,3 dan 5. The parties mentioned in the answer (Partai Demokrasi Indonesia, Golongan Karya, and Partai Persatuan Pembangunan) were all political parties during the presidency of Soeharto, also known as the New Order era. These parties were either supportive of or affiliated with the government during that time.

The correct answer is Andi Azis. Based on the given information, the rebellion mentioned aimed to maintain the integrity of East Indonesia. The background of the rebellion was the rejection of the entry of APRIS forces from the TNI. On April 5, 1950, they occupied a vital location in South Sulawesi. Andi Azis was one of the key leaders of this rebellion.

The PRRI rebellion was motivated by the existence of social and economic disparities between regions and the central government. This suggests that the rebellion was driven by a desire to address the unequal distribution of resources and opportunities, and to gain more autonomy and control over local economic development.

The characteristics of Indonesia's Foreign Policy during the Guided Democracy era can be inferred from the given statements. The first statement suggests that there was a strained relationship with Western countries, indicating a shift in alignment. The second statement indicates a close relationship with Eastern countries, further supporting the shift in alignment. The fourth statement states that Indonesia was in confrontation with Malaysia, indicating a specific conflict during this period. Therefore, the correct answer is 1, 2, and 4 as these statements align with the characteristics of Indonesia's Foreign Policy during the Guided Democracy era.

Presiden Soekarno's actions that deviated from the UUD 1945 are indicated by statements 1, 2, and 4. Statement 1 states that MPR is below the President, which is not in accordance with the UUD 1945 where MPR is the highest legislative institution. Statement 2 states that the President dissolved DPR and replaced it with DPRGR, which is not in line with the UUD 1945 that states the existence of DPR. Statement 4 states that the speech on August 17, 1959, "MANIPOL" was made into GBHN, which is also not in accordance with the UUD 1945. Therefore, the correct answer is 1, 2, and 4.

The correct answer is "Mengambil alih perusahaan –perusahaan Belanda di Indonesia". This answer suggests that as part of the economic confrontation, the Indonesian government took over Dutch companies in Indonesia. This action would have been a way to assert control over economic resources and diminish Dutch influence in the region.

The correct answer is "Operasi militer oleh Divisi Siliwangi dipimpin Gatot Subroto." This answer suggests that the Indonesian government used military operations led by the Siliwangi Division, under the command of Gatot Subroto, to suppress the PKI rebellion in Madiun.

The correct answer is 1 and 3 because the government of the RIS tried two approaches to resolve the rebellion in the South Maluku Republic. First, they attempted peaceful negotiations by sending Dr. J. Leimena for discussions. Second, they resorted to military action by conducting a military expedition led by Colonel A.E. Kawilarang. Therefore, options 1 and 3 are the correct choices as they represent the two different strategies employed by the RIS government.

The statement that is related to the APRA rebellion is number 3 and 4. These statements mention the sudden attack on the city of Bandung and the intention to kill Sultan Hamengkubuwono IX and Colonel T.B. Simatupang. These actions are associated with the APRA rebellion, which was a separatist movement in Indonesia in the 1950s.

The correct answer is Burhanuddin Harahap. The formation of a new cabinet based on the strength of political parties in Parliament after the first general election in 1955 ended the government of Djuanda.

The explanation for the correct answer (1,2 dan 3) is that the given statements (1,2, and 3) are related to Kabinet Ali Sastroamijoyo I. Statement 1 mentions the replacement of Kabinet Wilopo, which implies the formation of a new cabinet, Kabinet Ali Sastroamijoyo I. Statement 2 highlights the most prominent achievement of the Bandung Conference, which was held during the tenure of Kabinet Ali Sastroamijoyo I. Statement 3 states that on July 24, 1955, Kabinet Ali Sastroamijoyo I handed over its mandate to the president, indicating the end of its term. Therefore, statements 1, 2, and 3 are related to Kabinet Ali Sastroamijoyo I.

The correct answer is 2 and 4. The question asks about the regional councils that are relevant to the PRRI/PERMESTA rebellion. The rebellion occurred in the 1950s in Indonesia and was led by regional councils seeking greater autonomy from the central government. Among the given options, the Dewan Gajah in North Sumatra and the Dewan Manguni in North Sulawesi were both involved in the rebellion. Therefore, the correct answer is 2 and 4.

The correct answer is "Operasi 17 Agustus" because it aligns with the given information that the operation was led by Letnan Kolonel Ahmad Yani and its objective was to destroy the rebel forces and prevent foreign intervention. The name "Operasi 17 Agustus" is likely chosen to commemorate Indonesia's Independence Day, which is celebrated on August 17th.

The correct answer suggests that the rebellions that occurred during the period of 1949-1950 aimed to maintain a federal state and oppose the return to the unitary state of the Republic of Indonesia (NKRI). This implies that the rebellions were driven by a desire to preserve the existing federation structure and resist centralization of power in the NKRI.

The correct answer is 1 dan 2. This is because the policy issued by the government during the Guided Democracy era to address the economic situation is indicated by the first and second options, which are Penurunan nilai uang (Sanering) and Deklarasi Ekonomi (Dekon). These policies were implemented to stabilize the economy and address the inflationary pressures and economic imbalances during that time.

The correct answer suggests that the response of the army leadership to the issue was to deny its truth and claim that it was a fabrication (WANJAKTI). This implies that they did not believe in the existence of the alleged Dewan Jenderal within the army and refuted the claims made by the PKI.

The correct answer is the pemberontakan Ibnu Hajar Kalimantan Selatan. This is because the given information mentions the disappointment of ALRI Divisi IV members due to demobilization, the formation of a new Kesatuan Rakyat Indonesia force, and incitement of former ALRI members to revolt. None of the other options mentioned in the question are supported by the given information.

The correct answer is 1 and 3. This is because statement 1 mentions cutting money above Rp. 2.50, which implies a devaluation of the currency. Statement 3 states that all savings in banks exceeding Rp. 25,000.00 will be frozen, which also indicates a devaluation of the currency. Therefore, both statements suggest a devaluation of the currency, which aligns with the announcement of a decrease in the value of money or Sanering.

The correct answer is Mahkamah Agung (MA) dan DPR. The Mahkamah Agung is the highest court in Indonesia and plays a crucial role in interpreting and upholding the law. The DPR, or Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat, is the People's Consultative Assembly and represents the legislative branch of the government. Both institutions would have had significant influence and power in supporting the implementation of President Soekarno's decree on July 5, 1959.

The idea to establish a political party for the first time in Indonesian political life began at the third session of the PPKI on August 23, 1945.