Kuis SiSTEM Pernapasan Manusia Kelas 8

Asthma is a condition characterized by the narrowing of the airways in the lungs, leading to difficulties in breathing. This narrowing is caused by inflammation and the tightening of the muscles around the airways. People with asthma often experience symptoms such as wheezing, coughing, shortness of breath, and chest tightness.

Tidak merokok adalah upaya yang efektif dalam menjaga kesehatan sistem pernapasan manusia. Merokok dapat menyebabkan kerusakan pada paru-paru dan menyebabkan berbagai penyakit pernapasan seperti bronkitis, asma, dan kanker paru-paru. Dengan tidak merokok, seseorang dapat mencegah risiko terkena penyakit pernapasan dan menjaga kesehatan sistem pernapasan mereka.

The correct answer is A. alveolus. Alveoli are tiny air sacs in the lungs where the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide takes place. Oxygen from the inhaled air diffuses into the bloodstream through the thin walls of the alveoli, while carbon dioxide, a waste product, diffuses out of the bloodstream into the alveoli to be exhaled. This exchange of gases is essential for the respiratory system to deliver oxygen to the body's cells and remove carbon dioxide.

The correct answer is C. epiglottis. The epiglottis is a flap of cartilage located at the base of the tongue that prevents food and drink from entering the larynx and trachea during swallowing. It covers the opening of the larynx, directing food and liquid into the esophagus instead of the airway. The cilia (A) are hair-like structures that line the respiratory tract and help to move mucus and debris out of the lungs. Tonsils (B) are lymphoid tissues located in the throat that help to fight off infections. The vocal cords or vocal folds (D) are responsible for producing sound.

The presence of fluid in the lungs along with the presence of Streptococcus pneumoniae bacteria suggests that the patient is suffering from pneumonia. Pneumonia is an infection that causes inflammation in the air sacs in the lungs, leading to the accumulation of fluid and difficulty in breathing. Asma, tuberculosis, and kanker paru-paru (lung cancer) are not directly related to the presence of bacteria in the lungs.

The correct answer is B. sebagai tempat pertukaran gas oksigen dan gas karbon dioksida. The nose is not directly involved in the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide. This process occurs in the lungs, specifically in the alveoli, where oxygen from inhaled air passes into the bloodstream and carbon dioxide from the bloodstream is expelled. The nose, on the other hand, plays a role in filtering, warming, and moisturizing the air before it reaches the lungs. It also helps to detect odors and enhances our sense of taste.

The pleura is a protective structure that surrounds the lungs and prevents friction during expansion and contraction. It consists of two layers, the visceral pleura which is attached to the lungs and the parietal pleura which lines the chest cavity. These layers create a fluid-filled space called the pleural cavity, which allows the lungs to move smoothly during breathing without rubbing against the chest wall. Therefore, the pleura is the correct answer as it functions to protect the lungs from friction.

Suhu lingkungan bukan merupakan faktor yang memengaruhi frekuensi pernapasan. Faktor-faktor seperti umur, jenis kelamin, dan aktivitas tubuh dapat memengaruhi frekuensi pernapasan seseorang. Umur dapat memengaruhi karena bayi dan anak-anak memiliki frekuensi pernapasan yang lebih tinggi daripada orang dewasa. Jenis kelamin juga dapat memengaruhi karena biasanya pria memiliki frekuensi pernapasan yang lebih tinggi daripada wanita. Aktivitas tubuh juga berpengaruh karena saat melakukan aktivitas fisik yang berat, frekuensi pernapasan akan meningkat. Namun, suhu lingkungan tidak memiliki pengaruh langsung terhadap frekuensi pernapasan.

The correct answer is B. 1.000 mL. The residual volume refers to the amount of air that remains in the lungs after a maximal exhalation. It is the volume of air that cannot be forcibly expelled from the lungs and is necessary to keep the lungs inflated. The average adult has a residual volume of about 1.000 mL.

The correct answer is D because the contraction of the external muscles between the ribs and the contraction of the diaphragm are the activities that cause inspiration. When the external muscles between the ribs contract, they lift the ribcage up and out, increasing the volume of the chest cavity. At the same time, when the diaphragm contracts, it flattens and moves downward, further increasing the volume of the chest cavity. These actions create a pressure gradient that causes air to flow into the lungs, resulting in inspiration.