Soal Pilihan Ganda Bab I Kelas Xi Smk/Mak

The correct answer is "Kewajiban" because it refers to the responsibility and obligation to fulfill certain tasks or duties. It implies that one must carry out their duties with a sense of responsibility and accountability.

The best action in efforts to enforce human rights is prevention. By focusing on preventing human rights violations from happening in the first place, we can create a safer and more just society. This approach involves implementing policies, education, and awareness campaigns to address the root causes of human rights abuses and promote respect for human rights. By prioritizing prevention, we can work towards a future where human rights are upheld and protected for all individuals.

The given statement describes "kewajiban dasar manusia" which means basic human rights. It states that a set of obligations that if not fulfilled, will hinder the realization and enforcement of human rights. This implies that fulfilling these basic obligations is necessary for the existence and protection of human rights.

The given correct answer states that "Sikap egois atau terlalu mementingkan diri sendiri" (selfish attitude or prioritizing oneself too much) is one of the internal factors causing human rights violations. This implies that when individuals prioritize their own interests and needs over the rights and well-being of others, it can lead to violations of human rights. Such behavior can result in the exploitation, mistreatment, or disregard of the rights of others, ultimately leading to human rights violations.

The correct answer is UU RI Nomor 39 Tahun 1999 because it is the only option that matches the given question, which asks for the "Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia tentang Hak Asasi Manusia" (Law of the Republic of Indonesia on Human Rights). The other options are different laws and years, so they are not relevant to the question.

The correct answer is "Faktor internal." Faktor internal refers to the internal motivations or drives within the perpetrator of human rights violations that lead them to commit such violations. This could include personal beliefs, attitudes, prejudices, or desires for power or control. It is important to understand these internal factors in order to address and prevent human rights violations effectively.

Komnas HAM was established on June 7, 1993.

The correct answer is Pengadilan HAM. The question asks about the authority responsible for examining and deciding on serious human rights violations in Indonesia. The Pengadilan HAM, or Human Rights Court, is specifically designed to handle cases related to human rights violations. This court has the jurisdiction to investigate, prosecute, and adjudicate cases involving grave human rights abuses, ensuring justice and accountability for such violations.

The correct answer is Pasal 28A because it states that every person has the right to live and to defend their life and existence. This article in the Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia emphasizes the fundamental right to life and the protection of individuals' lives.

The given correct answer, "Nilai praksis," refers to the practice or implementation of the basic values and instrumental values of Pancasila in daily life. It implies that individuals not only understand the values but also apply them in their actions and behavior. "Nilai praksis" emphasizes the importance of putting these values into practice and integrating them into one's everyday life.

The mentioned attitudes of "Semangat gotong royong," "Rela berkorban," "Saling menghormati," and "Menempatkan kepentingan bersama di atas kepentingan pribadi dan golongan" reflect the value of unity in Indonesia. This is in line with the principle of "Persatuan Indonesia" or Indonesian Unity, which emphasizes the importance of working together, sacrificing for the common good, respecting one another, and prioritizing collective interests over personal or group interests.

The correct answer is "Kerusuhan Tanjung Priok." This refers to the Tanjung Priok massacre that occurred on September 12, 1984, in Jakarta, Indonesia. The incident involved a violent clash between military forces and protesters, resulting in the deaths of many people. This event is considered a violation of human rights due to the excessive use of force by the authorities.

The correct answer is "Penyalahgunaan teknologi" because the question states that the kidnapping case originated from social media friendship, indicating that technology was misused in some way.

The correct answer suggests that a person cannot enjoy their rights if they have not fulfilled their obligations. This implies that in order to fully enjoy the benefits and privileges that come with certain rights, one must first fulfill their responsibilities and obligations. Without meeting these obligations, the individual may not be entitled to the rights they possess.

The term "nilai instrumental" refers to the explanation of the basic values of Pancasila. It signifies that these values are not just theoretical or abstract concepts, but they have practical significance and can be implemented in real-life situations. The term "instrumental" suggests that these values serve as tools or means to achieve certain objectives or goals in society. Therefore, the correct answer is "nilai instrumental."

The given answer, "Mempertanggungjawabkan setiap keputusan musyawarah secara moral kepada Tuhan Yang Maha Esa" (Being accountable for every decision made in consultation morally to God Almighty), is not an example of an attitude towards practicing the first principle of Pancasila, which is the belief in the one and only God. The other options all demonstrate attitudes that reflect the practice of the first principle, such as respecting and cooperating with people of different religions, respecting freedom of worship, not forcing one's religion on others, and maintaining tolerance among people of different faiths in daily life.

The correct answer is 24 September 1999. Tragedi Semanggi II refers to the violent clashes that occurred in Jakarta, Indonesia. It was a student-led protest against the government and its policies. The tragedy took place on September 24, 1999, when security forces opened fire on the protesters, resulting in numerous casualties. This event is significant in Indonesian history as it marked a turning point in the nation's political landscape and led to further political reforms.

The correct answer is "Hak dasar manusia menurut kodratnya." This answer suggests that human rights are based on the inherent nature or essence of human beings. It implies that every human being possesses certain fundamental rights simply by virtue of being human, regardless of any laws or regulations in place. This concept of human rights being derived from human nature is a common perspective in the understanding of human rights.

The given answer states that one of the special characteristics of human rights is that they exist from birth. This aligns with the concept that human rights are inherent and inalienable, meaning that every individual is entitled to these rights simply by virtue of being human. It emphasizes that human rights are not granted or given by any external entity, but rather they are inherent to every human being from the moment of their birth.

The actions mentioned in the options focus on preventing human rights violations rather than addressing them after they occur. They include upholding the rule of law and democracy, improving public services, increasing oversight from society and political institutions, disseminating human rights principles through education, and promoting harmonious cooperation among different groups in society. These measures aim to create a conducive environment where human rights violations are less likely to happen, making "Pencegahan pelanggaran HAM" (prevention of human rights violations) the correct answer.

The correct answer is DPR. DPR stands for Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat, which is the Indonesian House of Representatives. It is the state institution authorized to select members of the National Commission on Human Rights (Komnas HAM). This selection process is important to ensure that the members of Komnas HAM are chosen by a democratic body that represents the people's interests. The MPR (People's Consultative Assembly) is responsible for amending the constitution, while the President, Mahkamah Agung (Supreme Court), and Polri (Indonesian National Police) do not have the authority to select members of Komnas HAM.

The given answer is "Penyerbuan kantor Partai Demokrasi Indonesia" because it is the only option that is not mentioned in the question. The question asks for the cases of human rights violations in Indonesia between 1998 and 1999 that are well-known to the public, except for one. Since the other options (Penembakan mahasiswa Universitas Trisakti, Tragedi Semanggi I, Tragedi Semanggi II, and Penculikan aktivis 1997/1998) are all listed in the question, the correct answer must be the one that is not mentioned, which is Penyerbuan kantor Partai Demokrasi Indonesia.

The correct answer is TAP MPR No. XVII/MPR/1998 because it is a regulation issued by the People's Consultative Assembly (MPR) of Indonesia, which is the highest legislative body in the country. This regulation is likely to contain provisions related to the protection of human rights in Indonesia, including the Indonesian Human Rights Charter (Piagam HAM Indonesia). The other options listed are laws, government regulations, and presidential decrees, which may not specifically address the Piagam HAM Indonesia.

The correct answer for the question is UU RI Nomor 26 Tahun 2000. This law is the legal basis for the establishment of the Human Rights Court in Indonesia.

The correct answer is Pengadilan HAM because it is responsible for examining and deciding on human rights violations committed by Indonesian citizens that occur outside the territorial boundaries of Indonesia. The other options, such as Mahkamah Internasional (International Court), Mahkamah Agung (Supreme Court), Kejaksaan Agung (Attorney General's Office), and Bareskrim Polri (Indonesian National Police's Criminal Investigation Unit), do not have jurisdiction over cases that occur outside Indonesia or specifically focus on human rights violations.

The statement "Hak setiap warga negara pada kedudukan yang sama dalam hukum serta memiliki kewajiban dan hak yang sama untuk mendapat jaminan dan perlindungan hukum" reflects the basic value of Pancasila in the principle of Kemanusiaan yang adil dan beradab (Humanity that is just and civilized). This principle emphasizes the equal rights and obligations of every citizen in the eyes of the law, ensuring that they are treated fairly and with dignity. It also highlights the importance of providing legal protection and guarantees for all individuals in society.

The correct answer is 12 Agustus 1949. The Geneva Convention on Human Rights was held on this date.

Tidak menyediakan fasilitas antrian khusus bagi ibu hamil dan kaum disabilitas adalah salah satu contoh pelanggaran HAM dalam kegiatan pelayanan publik. Pelanggaran ini terjadi karena tidak memberikan perlakuan yang adil dan setara terhadap ibu hamil dan kaum disabilitas, yang seharusnya diberikan fasilitas antrian khusus untuk memudahkan akses mereka dalam mendapatkan layanan publik. Hal ini melanggar prinsip-prinsip HAM yang menjamin perlindungan dan penghormatan terhadap hak-hak setiap individu tanpa diskriminasi.

The behavior of understanding and obeying laws and regulations demonstrates the harmonization of rights and obligations of human beings in the nation and state. By following the laws and regulations, individuals are respecting the rights and responsibilities of others and contributing to a harmonious and orderly society.

Komnas HAM memiliki wewenang untuk melakukan perdamaian, menyelesaikan masalah secara konsultasi dan negosiasi, serta menyampaikan rekomendasi kepada pemerintah dan DPR. Namun, Komnas HAM tidak memiliki wewenang untuk menyelidiki kasus yang terindikasi sebagai pelanggaran HAM.