Latihan Ujian Geografi Sma Budhaya II (Part 2 A)

1. El Nino merupakan gejala cuaca yang terjadi secara periodik bagi Indonesia yang menyebabkan terjadinya … .

musim panen

musim hujan

musim kemarau

musim panceklik

musim buah-buahan

El Nino adalah fenomena cuaca yang terjadi secara periodik di Indonesia. Fenomena ini ditandai dengan peningkatan suhu permukaan laut di Samudra Pasifik bagian timur, yang menyebabkan perubahan pola hujan di wilayah tersebut. Selama musim kemarau, curah hujan di Indonesia menjadi berkurang atau bahkan tidak ada sama sekali. Oleh karena itu, musim kemarau merupakan jawaban yang tepat.

Explanation

El Nino adalah fenomena cuaca yang terjadi secara periodik di Indonesia. Fenomena ini ditandai dengan peningkatan suhu permukaan laut di Samudra Pasifik bagian timur, yang menyebabkan perubahan pola hujan di wilayah tersebut. Selama musim kemarau, curah hujan di Indonesia menjadi berkurang atau bahkan tidak ada sama sekali. Oleh karena itu, musim kemarau merupakan jawaban yang tepat.

2. Fenomena dimana terdapat konsentrasi ozon (O₃) yang berfungsi menyerap radiasi matahari terdapat pada lapisan ... .

ionosfer

stratosfer

mesosfer

troposfer

termosfer

The correct answer is stratosfer. The phenomenon where there is a concentration of ozone that absorbs solar radiation occurs in the stratosphere. The ozone layer in the stratosphere acts as a protective shield by absorbing most of the sun's harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation. This concentration of ozone helps to prevent excessive UV radiation from reaching the Earth's surface, which can cause various health issues and damage to the environment.

Explanation

The correct answer is stratosfer. The phenomenon where there is a concentration of ozone that absorbs solar radiation occurs in the stratosphere. The ozone layer in the stratosphere acts as a protective shield by absorbing most of the sun's harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation. This concentration of ozone helps to prevent excessive UV radiation from reaching the Earth's surface, which can cause various health issues and damage to the environment.

3. Tanah memiliki tingkat kesuburan yang berbeda-beda, jenis tanah yang terdapat di daerah rawa-rawa dan tidak cocok untuk pertanian adalah ... .

tanah gambut

tanah kapur

tanah laterit

tanah kaolin

tanah abu vulaknis

Tanah gambut adalah jenis tanah yang terdapat di daerah rawa-rawa dan tidak cocok untuk pertanian. Tanah gambut memiliki tingkat kesuburan yang rendah karena kandungan nutrisi yang kurang, keasaman yang tinggi, dan kemampuan drainase yang buruk. Oleh karena itu, tanah gambut tidak cocok untuk pertanian karena tanaman tidak dapat tumbuh dengan baik di tanah tersebut.

Explanation

Tanah gambut adalah jenis tanah yang terdapat di daerah rawa-rawa dan tidak cocok untuk pertanian. Tanah gambut memiliki tingkat kesuburan yang rendah karena kandungan nutrisi yang kurang, keasaman yang tinggi, dan kemampuan drainase yang buruk. Oleh karena itu, tanah gambut tidak cocok untuk pertanian karena tanaman tidak dapat tumbuh dengan baik di tanah tersebut.

4. Proses penguapan dengan istilah transpirasi pada g

ambar berikut ditunjukkan nomor … .

5

4

3

2

1

The correct answer is 3 because in the given diagram, the number 3 is associated with the term "transpirasi." Transpirasi refers to the process of evaporation in plants, where water is lost through the leaves. Therefore, number 3 represents the process of transpiration in the diagram.

Explanation

The correct answer is 3 because in the given diagram, the number 3 is associated with the term "transpirasi." Transpirasi refers to the process of evaporation in plants, where water is lost through the leaves. Therefore, number 3 represents the process of transpiration in the diagram.

5. Berdasarkan hasil pengamatan curah hujan selama 4 tahun pada stasiun A diperoleh bahwa rata-rata bulan kering = 2,5 dan rata-rata bulan basah = 7,6, maka menurut klasifikasi Iklim Schmit-Ferguson daerah A tergolong tipe ... .

iklim A

iklim B

iklim C

iklim D

iklim E

Based on the observation of rainfall for 4 years at station A, the average rainfall during dry months is 2.5 and during wet months is 7.6. According to the Schmit-Ferguson Climate classification, region A belongs to type B climate.

Explanation

Based on the observation of rainfall for 4 years at station A, the average rainfall during dry months is 2.5 and during wet months is 7.6. According to the Schmit-Ferguson Climate classification, region A belongs to type B climate.

6. Pada suhu normal 25 ^oC, banyak uap air dalam 1 m³ udara = 20 gram, jumlah uap yang dapat di kandung sebanyak 25 gram, maka kelembaban realtif udara adalah … .

60 %

65 %

75 %

80 %

85 %

At normal temperature of 25 °C, the air can hold a maximum of 25 grams of water vapor. However, the actual amount of water vapor present in 1 m3 of air is 20 grams. To find the relative humidity, we divide the actual amount of water vapor by the maximum amount it can hold and multiply by 100. Therefore, the relative humidity is (20/25) * 100 = 80%.

Explanation

At normal temperature of 25 °C, the air can hold a maximum of 25 grams of water vapor. However, the actual amount of water vapor present in 1 m3 of air is 20 grams. To find the relative humidity, we divide the actual amount of water vapor by the maximum amount it can hold and multiply by 100. Therefore, the relative humidity is (20/25) * 100 = 80%.

7. Bentuk muka bumi berikut yang merupakan hasil bentukan dari proses patahan adalah ... .

perbukitan dan pegunungan

dekstral dan flexuur

doline dan ponor

lipatan dan peneplain

cuve dan tombolo

not-available-via-ai

Explanation

not-available-via-ai

8. Jika temperatur udara pada ketinggian 0 meter 26 ^oC dan setiap kenaikan 100 meter, temperatur udara turun 0,6 ^oC, maka kemungkinan temperatur udara pada ketinggian 3000 meter adalah … .

18 oC

15 oC

11 oC

8 oC

6 oC

4 oC

The question states that for every 100 meters increase in altitude, the temperature decreases by 0.6 oC. Therefore, for a 3000 meter increase in altitude, the temperature would decrease by 18 oC (0.6 oC x 30). Starting with a temperature of 26 oC at 0 meters, subtracting 18 oC from it would give us a temperature of 8 oC at 3000 meters.

Explanation

The question states that for every 100 meters increase in altitude, the temperature decreases by 0.6 oC. Therefore, for a 3000 meter increase in altitude, the temperature would decrease by 18 oC (0.6 oC x 30). Starting with a temperature of 26 oC at 0 meters, subtracting 18 oC from it would give us a temperature of 8 oC at 3000 meters.

9. Gambar awan berikut tergolong ke dalam kategori jenis ... .

awan naik vertikal

awan hujan

awan sedang

awan rendah

awan tinggi

The given image of clouds is classified as "awan tinggi" (high clouds). This is because the description "awan naik vertikal" (clouds rising vertically) indicates that the clouds are located at high altitudes in the atmosphere. High clouds are typically found at altitudes above 20,000 feet and are composed of ice crystals. They often have a wispy or feathery appearance and can indicate fair weather or the approach of a warm front.

Explanation

The given image of clouds is classified as "awan tinggi" (high clouds). This is because the description "awan naik vertikal" (clouds rising vertically) indicates that the clouds are located at high altitudes in the atmosphere. High clouds are typically found at altitudes above 20,000 feet and are composed of ice crystals. They often have a wispy or feathery appearance and can indicate fair weather or the approach of a warm front.

10. Pengambilan air tanah yang dilakukan secara berlebihan dan menyebakan masuknya air laut ke daratan mengisi pori-pori tanah, dikenal dengan istilah ... .

esktrusi

perkolasi

inflitrasi

subsitusi

intrusi

The correct answer is "intrusi". Intrusi refers to the intrusion of seawater into the land due to excessive groundwater extraction, which fills the pores of the soil.

Explanation

The correct answer is "intrusi". Intrusi refers to the intrusion of seawater into the land due to excessive groundwater extraction, which fills the pores of the soil.