Latihan Soal Materi Pembiasan Cahaya Pada Prisma

1. Berikut ini yang merupakan warna-warna yang terurai oleh berkas cahaya putih dari cahaya matahari bila dijatuhkan pada prisma kaca adalah....

Merah, jingga, abu-abu, ungu, hijau

Kuning, hijau, merah, ungu, nila

Ungu, biru, kuning, hijau, jingga, merah

Merah, jingga, kuning, hijau, biru, ungu

The correct answer is "Merah, jingga, kuning, hijau, biru, ungu". This is because when white light passes through a prism, it gets refracted and separates into its component colors, forming a spectrum. The colors in the spectrum are arranged in the order of their wavelengths, with red having the longest wavelength and violet having the shortest. The correct answer lists the colors in the correct order, starting with red and ending with violet, which matches the phenomenon of light dispersion through a prism.

Explanation

The correct answer is "Merah, jingga, kuning, hijau, biru, ungu". This is because when white light passes through a prism, it gets refracted and separates into its component colors, forming a spectrum. The colors in the spectrum are arranged in the order of their wavelengths, with red having the longest wavelength and violet having the shortest. The correct answer lists the colors in the correct order, starting with red and ending with violet, which matches the phenomenon of light dispersion through a prism.

2. Seekor ikan yang berada dalam kolam terlihat lebih dekat dibandingkan dengan keadaan sebenarnya. Hal ini disebabkan sinar yang keluar dari air dibiaskan mendekati garis normal.

True

False

The given statement is true because when light passes from one medium (such as water) to another medium (such as air), it undergoes refraction. Refraction causes the light rays to change direction, and as a result, the fish in the pond appears closer than it actually is. This phenomenon is due to the bending of light rays as they pass through the water and then enter the air, which makes the fish appear closer to the surface than it truly is.

Explanation

The given statement is true because when light passes from one medium (such as water) to another medium (such as air), it undergoes refraction. Refraction causes the light rays to change direction, and as a result, the fish in the pond appears closer than it actually is. This phenomenon is due to the bending of light rays as they pass through the water and then enter the air, which makes the fish appear closer to the surface than it truly is.

3. Berdasarkan gambar tersebut, terjadinya pelangi disebabkan karena cahaya matahari diuraikan dan dibiaskan oleh

lapisan atmosfer

butir-butir hujan yang ada di udara

uap air yang ada di lapisan atmosfer

awan tebal yang ada pada lapisan atmosfer

The occurrence of a rainbow is caused by the dispersion and refraction of sunlight by water droplets in the air. When sunlight passes through the water droplets, it is refracted and separated into its component colors, creating a rainbow. Therefore, the correct answer is "butir-butir hujan yang ada di udara" which translates to "water droplets in the air".

Explanation

The occurrence of a rainbow is caused by the dispersion and refraction of sunlight by water droplets in the air. When sunlight passes through the water droplets, it is refracted and separated into its component colors, creating a rainbow. Therefore, the correct answer is "butir-butir hujan yang ada di udara" which translates to "water droplets in the air".

4. Cahaya datang pada salah satu sisi prisma sama sisi dengan sudut datang 45⁰. Jika indeks bias prisma adalah akar 2, maka sudut deviasinya adalah_____

The question states that light enters one side of an equilateral prism at an angle of 45 degrees. The prism has a refractive index of square root of 2. The angle of deviation can be calculated using the formula: angle of deviation = 2 * (sin^(-1)((sin(angle of incidence/2))/refractive index)). Plugging in the values, we get angle of deviation = 2 * (sin^(-1)((sin(45/2))/sqrt(2))) = 30 degrees. Therefore, the correct answer is 30.

Explanation

The question states that light enters one side of an equilateral prism at an angle of 45 degrees. The prism has a refractive index of square root of 2. The angle of deviation can be calculated using the formula: angle of deviation = 2 * (sin^(-1)((sin(angle of incidence/2))/refractive index)). Plugging in the values, we get angle of deviation = 2 * (sin^(-1)((sin(45/2))/sqrt(2))) = 30 degrees. Therefore, the correct answer is 30.

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5. Gejala berikut yang merupakan gejala pembiasan cahaya ditunjukkan oleh

Dasar kolam terlihat lebih dangkal bila dilihat dari atas.

Kacamata minus (negatif) atau kacamata plus (positif) dapat membuat jelas pandangan bagi penderita rabun jauh atau rabun dekat.

Langit bumi terlihat berwarna biru.

Terjadinya pelangi setelah turun hujan.

The given correct answer options all demonstrate the phenomenon of refraction of light. Refraction occurs when light passes through a medium with a different optical density, causing it to change direction. In the case of the first option, when light passes from water to air, it refracts and makes the bottom of the pool appear shallower when viewed from above. The second option refers to the use of corrective lenses, which refract light to improve vision for people with nearsightedness or farsightedness. The fourth option mentions the formation of a rainbow, which is caused by the refraction and dispersion of sunlight through water droplets in the air.

Explanation

The given correct answer options all demonstrate the phenomenon of refraction of light. Refraction occurs when light passes through a medium with a different optical density, causing it to change direction. In the case of the first option, when light passes from water to air, it refracts and makes the bottom of the pool appear shallower when viewed from above. The second option refers to the use of corrective lenses, which refract light to improve vision for people with nearsightedness or farsightedness. The fourth option mentions the formation of a rainbow, which is caused by the refraction and dispersion of sunlight through water droplets in the air.

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