Romanika I Gotika. Vježba Za Test.

1. ISHODOdredite stilske karakteristike gotičkoga slikarstva (zlatna pozadina, privid volumena, naturalizam, narativnost, idealizam).ZadatakNa kojem od navedenih primjera prepoznajete stilske karakteristike gotičkog slikarstva navedene u ishodu?

oltarna slika

crtež

grafika

minijatura

The correct answer is "oltarna slika" because an oltarna slika, or altarpiece, is a type of painting that was commonly seen in Gothic art. Gothic art is known for its stylistic characteristics such as the use of a golden background, the illusion of volume, naturalism, narrative elements, and idealized figures. Therefore, an altarpiece would be the most likely example to showcase these characteristics.

Explanation

The correct answer is "oltarna slika" because an oltarna slika, or altarpiece, is a type of painting that was commonly seen in Gothic art. Gothic art is known for its stylistic characteristics such as the use of a golden background, the illusion of volume, naturalism, narrative elements, and idealized figures. Therefore, an altarpiece would be the most likely example to showcase these characteristics.

2. ISHODOdredite prostorne elemente romanicke arhitekture (travej, glavni brod, bočni brodovi, transept, deambulatorij, apsida, apsidiole, galerija, kor, kripta)ZADATAKPovežite objašnjenja i pojmove

prostorni dodatak građevini koji može biti polukružnog ili poligonanog tocrta, a završava svodom, a najčešće polukupolom.

uzdužno postavljena prostorna jedinica odvojena stupovima/stubovima od drugih brodova (u višebrodnim građevinama) ili definirana zidom (jednobrodna građevina)

otvoren prolaz s arkadama na pročelju ili u unutrašnjosti građevine. U unutrašnjosti sakralnih građevina smješten iznad bočnih brodova.

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3. ISHODOdredite konstruktivne elemente romanicke arhitekture (masivan zid, polukružni luk, svod: bačvasti svod, bacvasti svod s pojasnicama, pojasnice, križni svod, polukupola, kupola)ZADATAKPovežite objašnjenja i pojmove

zaobljena gornja granica prostora

zakrivljena konstrukcija koja premošćuje otvor

lukovi povezani stupovima ili stubovima

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4. ISHODOdredite kompozicijska načela i karakteristike tlocrta, unutrašnjosti i vanjštine romaničke arhitekture (longitudinalan tlocrt u obliku latinskoga križa, prostorna raščlanjenost, načelo subordinacije i adicije, bazilikalno osvjetljenje, masivnost, zatvorenost). ZADATAKOznačite građevinu koja NE PRIPADA razdoblju romanike

peterobrodna građevina s transeptom

trobrodna građevina s deambulatorijem i apsidiolama

trobrodna građevina s apsidama na istočnoj i zapadnoj strani

trobrodna građevina s dva transepta

The correct answer is "trobrodna građevina s dva transepta". This is because the characteristics mentioned in the question, such as longitudinal floor plan in the shape of a Latin cross, spatial articulation, principle of subordination and addition, basilica lighting, massiveness, and closedness, are all typical of Romanesque architecture. The other options mentioned, such as a five-aisled building with a transept, a three-aisled building with a ambulatory and apsidioles, and a three-aisled building with apses on the eastern and western sides, all align with the characteristics of Romanesque architecture. However, a three-aisled building with two transepts does not fit the characteristics of Romanesque architecture, hence it is the correct answer.

Explanation

The correct answer is "trobrodna građevina s dva transepta". This is because the characteristics mentioned in the question, such as longitudinal floor plan in the shape of a Latin cross, spatial articulation, principle of subordination and addition, basilica lighting, massiveness, and closedness, are all typical of Romanesque architecture. The other options mentioned, such as a five-aisled building with a transept, a three-aisled building with a ambulatory and apsidioles, and a three-aisled building with apses on the eastern and western sides, all align with the characteristics of Romanesque architecture. However, a three-aisled building with two transepts does not fit the characteristics of Romanesque architecture, hence it is the correct answer.

5. ISHODOdredite konstruktivne i prostorne elemente, elemente raščlambe zida te dekorativne elemente romaničke arhitekture (masivan zid, mali prozorski otvori, polukružni luk, svod: bačvasti svod, bačvasti svod s pojasnicama, pojasnice, križni svod, polukupola, kupola; travej, glavni brod, bočni brodovi, transept, deambulatorij, apsida, apsidiole, arkade, galerija/triforij, zvonik, zapadni zvonici, kor, kripta, klaustar, skulpturalno ukrašen portal, stupnjevito uvučen portal, slijepe arkade, prozori, rozeta, monofore, bifore, trifore, kvadrifore, dijelovi portala: luneta, trimo/trumeau, arhivolte, dovratnik, nadvratnik/ arhitrav).ZADATAKOznačite elemente portala

rozeta

nadvratnik

luneta

monofora

The correct answer is "nadvratnik" and "luneta". The question asks to identify the elements of a portal, and "nadvratnik" and "luneta" are both architectural elements commonly found in portals. "Nadvratnik" refers to the lintel or architrave, which is the horizontal element that rests on top of the columns or supports of a portal. "Luneta" refers to the lunette, which is a semicircular or crescent-shaped opening or window that is often found above the main entrance of a building or portal.

Explanation

The correct answer is "nadvratnik" and "luneta". The question asks to identify the elements of a portal, and "nadvratnik" and "luneta" are both architectural elements commonly found in portals. "Nadvratnik" refers to the lintel or architrave, which is the horizontal element that rests on top of the columns or supports of a portal. "Luneta" refers to the lunette, which is a semicircular or crescent-shaped opening or window that is often found above the main entrance of a building or portal.

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6. ISHODOdredite različite vrste slikarstva u gotici (zidne slike, štafelajne slike, vitraj, oltarne slike, diptih, triptih, poliptih, minijature)ZadatakOznačite primjere koji su nastali u razdoblju gotike.

freska

vitraj

tapiserija

freska

The correct examples that were created during the Gothic period are fresco and stained glass (vitraj). Fresco is a technique of painting on wet plaster, commonly used for wall paintings during the Gothic period. Stained glass (vitraj) was also a popular form of art during this time, with intricate designs and vibrant colors often depicting religious scenes. Tapiserija, which refers to tapestry, is not specifically associated with the Gothic period.

Explanation

The correct examples that were created during the Gothic period are fresco and stained glass (vitraj). Fresco is a technique of painting on wet plaster, commonly used for wall paintings during the Gothic period. Stained glass (vitraj) was also a popular form of art during this time, with intricate designs and vibrant colors often depicting religious scenes. Tapiserija, which refers to tapestry, is not specifically associated with the Gothic period.

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7. ISHODOznačite karakteristike i kompozicijska načela gotičke skulpture (rana gotika: visoki reljef, izduženi likovi, statičnost, simetričnost, linearnost u detaljima, stilizacija, naglašeniji volumen, visoka/klasična gotika: visoki reljef, gotovo realan volumen, stav kontraposta, S-forma, realni nabori, kasna gotika: izrazito naglašena S-forma).ZADATAKPažljivo pogledajte primjer i označite pojmove koje biste mogli primijeniti na skulptoralnom rješenju koje se nalazi na središnjem portalu katedrale u Reimsu.

realni nabori

gotovo realan volumen

statičnost

s-forma

The given answer correctly identifies the characteristics and compositional principles of Gothic sculpture that can be applied to the sculptural solution on the central portal of the Reims Cathedral. These include the depiction of realistic folds in the drapery (realni nabori), the portrayal of almost realistic volume in the figures (gotovo realan volumen), and the presence of an S-shaped curve in the composition (S-forma). These elements are typical of Gothic sculpture and can be observed in the artwork mentioned.

Explanation

The given answer correctly identifies the characteristics and compositional principles of Gothic sculpture that can be applied to the sculptural solution on the central portal of the Reims Cathedral. These include the depiction of realistic folds in the drapery (realni nabori), the portrayal of almost realistic volume in the figures (gotovo realan volumen), and the presence of an S-shaped curve in the composition (S-forma). These elements are typical of Gothic sculpture and can be observed in the artwork mentioned.

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