Osnove Računala 1 Kviz

Superračunala su najjača računala koja se koriste za najsloženije znanstvene i tehničke proračune, kao što su simulacije nuklearnih reakcija i prognoze vremena. Ona imaju najveće performanse i dostupna su samo određenim ustanovama zbog visoke cijene.

The given statement states that computer software refers to all the programs that a computer has. This statement is correct as computer software includes all the programs, applications, and operating systems that are installed on a computer and enable it to perform various tasks and functions. Therefore, the answer "točno" (true) is the correct choice.

Standardi kućista su povezani sa standardima matičnih ploča jer se standardi kućišta odnose na dimenzije, oblik i raspored priključaka kućišta, dok se standardi matičnih ploča odnose na dimenzije i raspored priključaka na samoj ploči. Ovi standardi su važni kako bi se osigurala kompatibilnost između kućišta i matičnih ploča, omogućavajući da se ploča pravilno uklapa i povezuje sa ostalim komponentama u računalu.

Seriski prijenos se odnosi na prijenos bitova jedan po jedan, gdje se bitovi prenose jedan za drugim u slijedu. U ovom načinu prijenosa, koristi se samo jedan vodič za prijenos svih bitova. Ovo je suprotno od paralelnog prijenosa, gdje se više bitova prenosi istovremeno koristeći više vodiča. Mješoviti prijenos i univerzalni prijenos nisu relevantni termini u kontekstu ovog pitanja.

The correct answer is "serijski priključak (legacy)". This is because PS/2 is a type of connector that was commonly used for connecting keyboards and mice to computers. It is considered a legacy connector because it has been largely replaced by USB connectors for these purposes. The PS/2 connector is a serial connector, meaning it transmits data one bit at a time, rather than in parallel like a parallel connector would.

The correct answer is "univerzalni serijski priključak" (universal serial port). This is because USB (Universal Serial Bus) is a standard interface that allows devices to be connected to a computer. It is a serial port because it transmits data one bit at a time, and it is universal because it is widely used and compatible with various devices.

The correct answer is "opće namjene." This is because osobno računalo or PC is a general-purpose computer, designed for use by individuals for various tasks such as word processing, internet browsing, and multimedia. It is not a procesna računala (process computer) which is used for specific tasks like controlling industrial processes, nor is it an ugradbena računala (embedded computer) which is designed to perform a specific function within a larger system. Therefore, the correct answer is opće namjene (general-purpose).

The given correct answer for this question is "program". A program is a set of instructions that are executed by a computer in a specific order to perform various operations and accomplish a particular task. It is a sequence of coded commands that tells the computer what operations to perform and how to perform them.

The given question states that there are two ways to connect external units to a computer: serially and parallel. The correct answer is "serijski, paralelno," which means "serially, parallel" in Croatian. This confirms that both serial and parallel connections are correct methods for connecting external units to a computer.

The explanation for the given correct answer is that in computer networks, servers and client computers have different roles and purposes. Servers are powerful computers that provide services and resources to other computers on the network, such as hosting websites or storing data. On the other hand, client computers are the devices that access and use these services and resources provided by the servers. Therefore, it is correct to say that we categorize computers in a network as either servers or clients based on their roles and purposes.

The statement is incorrect because there are more than two basic types of motherboards and cases. In addition to ATX and BTX, there are also other form factors such as microATX, Mini-ITX, and Extended ATX. These different form factors cater to different needs and specifications, allowing for a wider variety of options when it comes to choosing motherboards and cases for computer systems.

Paralelni prijenos je vrsta prijenosa bitova u kojem se više bitova prenosi istovremeno, pri čemu za svaki bit postoji zaseban vodič. Ovo omogućava brži prijenos podataka u usporedbi s serijskim prijenosom, gdje se bitovi prenose jedan za drugim kroz jedan vodič. Stoga, paralelni prijenos je ispravan odgovor jer opisuje prijenos bitova u kojem se više bitova prenosi odjednom i ima po jedan vodič za svaki bit.

The statement is incorrect because "sklopovska oprema" translates to "hardware" in English, not "software". Therefore, the correct answer is "netočno" (false).

The correct answer is stolna računala, prijenosna računala. This is because the passage states that osobna računala (personal computers) are divided based on their portability. Stolna računala refers to desktop computers, which are not portable and are meant to be used on a desk or table. Prijenosna računala refers to laptops or portable computers, which can be carried and used in different locations. Therefore, the correct answer includes both stolna računala and prijenosna računala.

A stronger computer in the client-server concept that is used to provide network services to other computers and share its hardware and software resources with them is called a server.

The correct answer includes PS/2, COM, and LPT as legacy ports. These ports were commonly used in older computer systems for connecting various devices such as keyboards, mice, printers, and serial devices. PS/2 is a port for connecting keyboards and mice, while COM (serial) and LPT (parallel) ports were used for connecting serial and parallel devices respectively. USB and HDMI, on the other hand, are not considered legacy ports as they are still widely used in modern computer systems for connecting various peripherals and displays.

The given text mentions that computers are used for performing mainly one task and can be found in devices for wide consumption. The term "ugradbena" in Croatian translates to "embedded" in English, which refers to computers that are integrated into other devices or systems to perform specific functions. Therefore, "ugradbena" is the correct answer as it aligns with the information provided in the text.

The correct answer is that we differentiate between horizontal (desktop), vertical (tower), and integrated (all in one AiO) placements in the workspace.

The given options represent different sizes or types of upright houses. "Big tower," "full tower," "midi tower," and "mini tower" are all valid options for upright houses. "Fat," "maxi," and "all in one" are not appropriate descriptions for upright houses, so they are not included in the correct answer.

The given answer includes the categories of computers that are divided based on their performance and work capabilities. Superračunala (supercomputers) are high-performance computers used for complex calculations and simulations. Velika računala (mainframe computers) are large-scale computers used for processing and managing large amounts of data. Osobna računala (personal computers) are designed for individual use and general computing tasks. Radne stanice (workstations) are powerful computers used for specialized tasks such as graphic design or scientific research. Therefore, the given answer correctly includes these categories of computers.

The correct answer is "klijentsko računalo." In the client-server concept, a weaker computer or a program (application) that runs on a personal computer or workstation and initiates operations on the server is referred to as a client computer.

The given answer includes the correct standards of motherboards. ATX, BTX, DTX, and ITX are all standard form factors for motherboards. These standards define the physical dimensions, layout, and power supply requirements for motherboards, ensuring compatibility with computer cases and other components. CTX, FTX, and XTX are not recognized standard form factors for motherboards, so they are not included in the answer.

The correct answer includes the categories of computers that are divided according to their purpose. These categories are embedded computers, processing computers, general-purpose computers, and servers.

The correct answer is "protects against mechanical damage, protects against dust, protects against static electricity, allows for placement of all components of the system unit". This is because the passage states that "Kućište računala ima vrlo važne funkcije" (The computer case has very important functions) and lists several functions that the computer case serves, including protecting against mechanical damage, dust, and static electricity, as well as allowing for the placement of all components of the system unit. It also mentions that the computer can function without a case, indicating that the case is not necessary for the computer to operate.

A computer system consists of several components, including software, hardware, users, connections to other computers, information, and data. Software refers to the programs and applications that allow the computer to perform specific tasks. Hardware includes the physical components of the computer system, such as the processor, memory, and storage devices. Users are the individuals who interact with the computer system. Connections to other computers enable communication and networking. Information and data are the inputs and outputs of the computer system. Overall, these components work together to create a functional computer system.